[PDF] Human Capital Location Choice eBook

Author : Douglas J. Krupka
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 15,42 MB
Release : 2009
Category :
ISBN :

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The role of amenities in the flow of migrants has long been a subject of debate. This paper advances an original model of amenities that work through household production instead of directly through utility. Area characteristics (amenities) affect household production, causing certain kinds of human capital investments to be rewarded more than others. Area heterogeneity thus makes such investments location-specific. This specificity - --along with a period of exogenous location - increases the opportunity costs of moving, diminishes migration flows between dissimilar locations and increases valuation of amenities that were present in the originating area. These theoretical results emphasize people's sorting across areas and thus differ from the results of the standard model of compensating differentials. Empirical tests of the model's predictions using NLSY79 data show that childhood investments affect migration flows in the way proposed by the model.

Author : W. Mark Brown
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 24,78 MB
Release : 2012
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A growing literature has found a positive association between human capital and long-run employment growth across cities. These studies have increased interest in understanding the location choices of university degree holders, a group often used as a proxy measure of human capital. Based on data from the 2001 Canadian Census of Population, this paper investigates determinants of the location choices of degree and nondegree holders. With a multinomial logit model, it tests a series of hypotheses about the differential effects of thick labor markets and amenities on the location choice of these groups across metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas in Canada.

Author : William Mark Brown
Publisher :
Page : 35 pages
File Size : 38,71 MB
Release : 2012
Category : College graduates
ISBN : 9781100211152

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A growing literature has found a positive association between human capital and long-run employment growth across cities. These studies have increased interest in understanding the location choices of university degree-holders, a group often used as a proxy measure of human capital. Based on data from the 2001 Canadian Census of Population, this paper investigates determinants of the location choices of degree- and non-degree-holders. With a multinomial logit model, it tests a series of hypotheses about the differential effects of thick labor markets and amenities on the location choice of these groups across metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas in Canada.--Publisher's website.

Author : World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 45,71 MB
Release : 2021-05-05
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1464816476

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Human capital—the knowledge, skills, and health that people accumulate over their lives—is a central driver of sustainable growth, poverty reduction, and successful societies. More human capital is associated with higher earnings for people, higher income for countries, and stronger cohesion in societies. Much of the hard-won human capital gains in many economies over the past decade is at risk of being eroded by the COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic. Urgent action is needed to protect these advances, particularly among the poor and vulnerable. Designing the needed interventions, targeting them to achieve the highest effectiveness, and navigating difficult trade-offs make investing in better measurement of human capital now more important than ever. The Human Capital Index (HCI)—launched in 2018 as part of the Human Capital Project—is an international metric that benchmarks the key components of human capital across economies. The HCI is a global effort to accelerate progress toward a world where all children can achieve their full potential. Measuring the human capital that children born today can expect to attain by their 18th birthdays, the HCI highlights how current health and education outcomes shape the productivity of the next generation of workers and underscores the importance of government and societal investments in human capital. The Human Capital Index 2020 Update: Human Capital in the Time of COVID-19 presents the first update of the HCI, using health and education data available as of March 2020. It documents new evidence on trends, examples of successes, and analytical work on the utilization of human capital. The new data—collected before the global onset of COVID-19—can act as a baseline to track its effects on health and education outcomes. The report highlights how better measurement is essential for policy makers to design effective interventions and target support. In the immediate term, investments in better measurement and data use will guide pandemic containment strategies and support for those who are most affected. In the medium term, better curation and use of administrative, survey, and identification data can guide policy choices in an environment of limited fiscal space and competing priorities. In the longer term, the hope is that economies will be able to do more than simply recover lost ground. Ambitious, evidence-driven policy measures in health, education, and social protection can pave the way for today’s children to surpass the human capital achievements and quality of life of the generations that preceded them.

Author : Keeley Brian
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 150 pages
File Size : 45,9 MB
Release : 2007-02-20
Category :
ISBN : 9264029095

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This book explores the impact of education and learning on our societies and lives and examines what countries are doing to provide education and training to support people throughout their lives.

Author : Richard L. Florida
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 214 pages
File Size : 20,18 MB
Release : 2005
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780415948869

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Richard Florida outlines how certain cities succeed in attracting members of the 'creative class' - the key economic growth asset - and argues that, in order to prosper, cities must harness this creative potential.

Author : Thomas O. Davenport
Publisher : Jossey-Bass
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 17,30 MB
Release : 1999-03-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN :

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Although much has been written to encourage organizations to treat employees as assets, this book argues persuasively for recognizing the worker as the investor. Davenport underscores a fundamental reality of the workplace: work is a two-way exchange of value, not a one-way exploitation of an asset by its owner. Offering a fresh new lens for viewing the realities of today's workplace, this book accurately captures the look of the new employee/employer relationship and the best practices for hiring, developing, and preserving a first-class workforce. Davenport's ideas bring together the key notions of human resources, conflict resolution, and management. He then demonstrates how to put into action the employment practices that provide the employer with organizational value and the employee with a satisfying return on his or her investment.

Author : Jongkwan Lee
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 14,53 MB
Release : 2017
Category :
ISBN : 9780355151022

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This dissertation is comprised of three chapters focusing on the spatial distribution of human capital across cities in the US. The first chapter investigates the consequences of an increase in local human capital in local economies. The second chapter explains how location choices of highly educated immigrants and natives are different. The last chapter examines whether a large research university generate spillovers to workers in local economies. These three chapters aim to improve our understanding of the uneven distribution of human capital. Chapter 1: The Impact of Local Human Capital Shock: Evidence from the World War II GI Bill: The first chapter studies the short- and long-run consequences of an increase in local human capital in cities. While there is strong persistence in the share of college-educated people across cities in the US over time, the World War II GI Bill produced a large and uneven increase in the share of college-educated people across cities after World War II. This local shock significantly reshaped the distribution of human capital across local economies between 1940 and 1950. Furthermore, in the long-run, cities that experienced larger human capital shocks in the 1940s have attracted the next generation of college-educated people through higher college enrollment rates among young people, higher in-migration of college-educated people, and assortative mating. This shock also induced skill-biased technical change and increased the wages of college-educated workers in local labor markets after 1980. My results support the hypothesis that skilled cities are better at adapting to economic shocks. Chapter 2: Location Choices of Highly Educated Immigrants and Natives: The second chapter demonstrates that highly educated foreign- and native-born workers are complements rather than competitors in the labor market by examining the location choices of highly educated immigrants in response to an increased presence of highly educated native workers in local economies. Using the geographic variation in increased native-born college graduates between 1940 and 1950, driven by the World War II GI Bill, I find high-skilled immigrants do not systematically avoid cities with larger supply shock in natives, because highly educated natives generate positive spillovers to other workers in local economies. In addition, in the long-run, cities that experienced larger supply shock during 1940s constantly have attracted college-educated immigrants. This long-run effect becomes particularly stronger after 1980 when the technological progress has made in the US. My results explain mechanisms why college-educated workers tend to agglomerate in the long-run. Chapter 3: The Local Economic Impact of Large Research University: Evidence from UC Merced: Economists have speculated that research universities could boost growth and productivity by creating and disseminating knowledges. In the third chapter, I estimate the local spillover effects from the opening of The University of California, Merced in 2005 by applying the synthetic control method. I find that the campus opening has generated modest short-run impacts to low-skilled workers in local economies by raising their wages. The main mechanism is the increased relative demand for low-skilled workers due to the large demand generated by students and workers in the university. The significant decrease in college employment ratio supports the increased relative demand hypotheses. My results in general suggest that simply having a large research university is not sufficient to generate positive spillovers in the long-run. The appropriate local industrial structure is required to make research universities playing a role.