[PDF] Growth And Export Performance Of Developing Countries eBook

Author : Arnold C. Harberger
Publisher :
Page : 76 pages
File Size : 50,17 MB
Release : 2005
Category : Developing countries
ISBN :

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Discusses the problems of fostering economic growth and combating poverty in developing countries. Provides insight into how the process of economic growth really works and explores how economic policy can operate to liberate the forces of growth. Calls attention to the fact that increased productivity has historically been the most reliable path to poverty reduction, and hence merits a position of high priority in national and international efforts.

Author : Ramesh Chandra Paudel
Publisher :
Page : 440 pages
File Size : 29,21 MB
Release : 2013
Category : Development economics
ISBN :

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This thesis investigates determinants of economic growth and export performance of landlocked developing countries (LLDCs). It consists of three research papers enveloped in a stage-setting introductory chapter and a concluding chapter which summarises the key findings and draws policy inferences. The three research papers are written in the form of self-contained essays, but taken together the findings indicate that even though landlockedness hampers a country's economic growth in many ways, economic policy has the potential to minimise these adverse effects: landlockedness is not destiny. The first paper examines the impact of landlockedness on economic growth using a panel dataset covering 214 countries, including 34 landlocked developing countries, over the period 1980 - 2009. The key focus of the analysis is on the role of openness to foreign trade in determining differences in growth performance between landlocked developing countries as a group and other developing countries, and among landlocked countries themselves. The results indicate that generally landlockedness hampers economic growth, but landlocked countries have the potential to grow faster through greater openness to foreign trade, and through carrying out institutional reforms to improve the quality of governance, which help reducing trade costs. The second paper examines the determinants of export performance of developing countries, with emphasis on the implications of landlockedness, using a panel dataset covering the period from 1995 to 2010. The analysis is conducted within the standard gravity modelling framework. The results indicate that although landlockedness has a significant negative impact on export performance, landlocked countries which have embarked on trade policy reforms perform significantly better than their non-reforming counterparts. There is also evidence that African LLDCs have maintained relatively higher export performance compared to other LLDCs. The third paper is a case study of export performance of a selected landlocked country, Nepal. Following an analytical narrative of export performance over the past three decades against the backdrop of policy reforms and the changing political climate, the paper examines the determinants of export performance within the gravity modelling framework using a product-level (at the three digit level of the Standard International Trade classification) panel dataset covering Nepal's export to the top 20 trading partners over the period from 1980 to 2010. The analysis distinguishes between Nepalese exports to India and to third country markets, in order to identify a possible 'big-neighbour' effect (Gulliver-effect) on export performance of a landlocked country. The results support the hypothesis that exports of high-value-to-weight products generally grow faster, because trade costs resulting from landlockedness has a fewer adverse effects on these products. Real exchange rate appreciation resulting from the fixed parity of the Nepalese rupee with the Indian rupee adversely affects Nepalese exports to third-country markets. The relatively faster growth of exports to India is partly due to the re-direction of imports by Indian companies via Nepal in order to benefit from significant tariff differences between Nepal and India relating to some products.

Author : Carla Macario
Publisher : Lynne Rienner Publishers
Page : 196 pages
File Size : 24,97 MB
Release : 2000
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781555877590

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Although Latin American and Caribbean countries have assigned a high priority to increasing exports, export performance in most cases remains deficient. This work investigates why this is so, identifying the policies that determine successes and failures in Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Mexico.

Author : Paul Brenton
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 11,43 MB
Release : 2012
Category :
ISBN :

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This paper examines the export performance of 99 countries over 1995-2004 to understand the relative roles of export growth through "discovery" of new products and growth during post-discovery phases of the export product cycle -- acceleration and maturation -- in existing markets and expansion into new geographic markets. The authors find that expanding existing products in existing markets (growth at the intensive margin) has greater weight in export growth than diversification into new products and new geographic markets (growth at the extensive margin). Moreover, growth into new geographic markets appears to be more important than discovery of new export products in explaining export growth. Of particular importance is whether an exporting country succeeds in reaching more national markets that are already importing the product it makes. This geographic index of market penetration is a powerful explanatory variable of export performance. This suggests that governments should not focus solely or even primarily on the discovery channel, but also seek to identify and address market failures that are constraining exporters in subsequent phases of the export cycle.