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Throughout all ages, the activities of mankind have weighed heavily upon the environment. In turn, changes in that environment have favoured the rise of certain social groups and limited the actions of others. Despite this, environmental history has remained a 'blind spot' for most social and economic historians. This is to be regretted, as the various and unequal effects of environmental change often explain the strengths and weaknesses of certain social groups, irrespective of their being defined along the lines of class, gender and ethnicity. This volume brings together the expertise of social and environmental historians in an effort to assess the extent to which transnational agents changed socioecological space as a consequence of globalization since the Late Middle Ages.
This exciting new reader in environmental history provides a framework for understanding the relations between ecosystems and world systems over time. Alf Hornborg has brought together a group of the foremost writers from the social, historical and geographical sciences to provide an overview of the ecological dimension of global, economic processes, with a long-term, historical perspective. Readers are challenged to integrate studies of the Earth system with studies of the World system, and to reconceptualize human-environmental relations and the challenges of global sustainability. Immanuel Wallerstein, renowned Yale sociologist and originator of the world-system concept, closes the volume with his reflections on the intellectual, moral, and political implications of global environmental change.
This work explores the connections between two of the most transformative processes of the 21st century, global environmental change and globalization. It presents a conceptual framework for analyzing the interactions between these two processes.
Previously published as a special issue of Globalizations, this collection of essays addresses what is arguably the most pressing and urgent issue of our day - the continuing development of global environmental crises and the need for new and urgent responses to them by the world community. The contributors include social scientists, environmental historians, anthropologists, and science policy researchers, and together they give an overview of the history of the globalization of environmental crisis over the past several decades, both in terms of the science of measurement and the types of policy and public responses that have emerged to date. The specific issue areas addressed in the book cover a wide range of topics, including international environmental governance, North-South inequalities, climate change, global warming, tropical forests, air pollution, economic and paradigm shifts, sustainability, indigenous peoples and eco-conservation, EU environmental policy, the United States and politicized climate science, and more. The Globalization of Environmental Crisis will be of particular interest to all those concerned with the on-going debate over the state of the global environment and what to do about it.
Now in its second edition. This text has been extensively revised and rewritten to reflect the growth in environmental research during the last decade. Human-induced environmental change is occurring at such a rapid rate that, inevitably, the fundamental processes involved in biogeochemical cycling are being altered. Global Environmental Change considers alterations to the biogeochemical cycles of carbon, nitrogen, sulphur and other elements as a result of industrial/technological development and agriculture, which have significantly altered the natural environment. The book adopts a temporal and spatial approach to environmental change, beginning with the natural environmental change of the Quaternery period and continuing with the culturally-induced change since the inception of agriculture 10,000 years ago.
'Globalization' has become one of the defining buzzwords of our time - a term that describes a variety of accelerating economic, political, cultural, ideological, and environmental processes that are rapidly altering our experience of the world. It is by its nature a dynamic topic - and this Very Short Introduction has been fully updated for a third edition, to include recent developments in global politics, the global economy, and environmental issues. Presenting globalization in accessible language as a multifaceted process encompassing global, regional, and local aspects of social life, Manfred B. Steger looks at its causes and effects, examines whether it is a new phenomenon, and explores the question of whether, ultimately, globalization is a good or a bad thing. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.
"Introduction to Environmental History" provides a comprehensive overview of the interplay between human societies and the natural world throughout history. This thought-provoking book explores various aspects of environmental history, ranging from the historical roots of environmentalism to global perspectives on environmental challenges. It delves into the significance of understanding environmental history and offers insights into the current environmental issues that threaten our planet. Furthermore, it presents solutions and recommendations for sustainable practices, conservation efforts, and the future of environmental history. The book begins with an introduction to the field of environmental history, highlighting its importance in understanding the dynamic relationship between human beings and their environment. It examines the historical roots of environmentalism, tracing the practices and attitudes towards the environment in pre-industrial societies and the profound impact of the Industrial Revolution. A global perspective is then explored, with dedicated chapters focusing on different regions of the world, including Asia, Europe, North America, Africa, Australia and Oceania, South America, and even Antarctica. This broad view highlights the diverse environmental challenges faced by various cultures and societies throughout history. The book further delves into environmental challenges within the four spheres of the Earth: lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere. It examines issues such as deforestation, land degradation, water scarcity, water pollution, climate change, air pollution, biodiversity loss, and endangered species. In the subsequent chapters, the book delves into the current environmental challenges that humanity confronts today. It explores the impacts of climate change, pollution on human health, biodiversity loss, population growth, food insecurity, poverty, environmental degradation's health risks, oceans acidification, depletion of natural resources, water scarcity, and the consequences of environmental disasters. To address these challenges, the book presents potential solutions, emphasizing sustainable practices, renewable energy sources, and conservation efforts. It highlights the benefits of adopting these measures and calls for collective action to safeguard the planet for future generations. The future of environmental history is also contemplated, reflecting on the past, examining the present, and providing recommendations for future action. It explores the role of environmentalists and various events that promote environmental awareness and action. Lastly, the book includes a section on environmental disasters, shedding light on the detrimental impacts of activities such as mining, deforestation, natural disasters, water pollution, plastic pollution, oil spills, forest fires, industrial pollution, smog, nuclear accidents, and transportation-related environmental challenges. "Introduction to Environmental History" serves as a valuable resource for students, scholars, and anyone interested in understanding the historical context of our environmental challenges and finding sustainable solutions to create a better future. It offers a comprehensive exploration of environmental history, the current state of our planet, and the urgent need for action to protect and preserve our environment.
This best-selling book examines the political, economic, and environmental changes that affect people's lives in the United States and around the world. It uses a narrative approach to explain the origins of debt crisis, democratization, global warming and explains how these global developments affect people across the globe. Globalization does not have uniform consequences, the author argues, but instead has different meanings for people in diverse social and economic settings. This new edition features an explanation for the rise of China as a global economic power and a special section on the origins of 911, examining developments in the Middle East, from India to Israel, since 1947-48. It concludes with an analysis of the 'collateral damage' associated with the attacks of September 11, 2001: invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq, the war on terror, and economic recession.
This best-selling text vividly shows how political and economic changes affect people's lives in different settings around the world. Globalization, the author argues, is not completely new. Instead, the current wave of globalization builds on international institutions created just after World War II and was given new impetus by policies introduced in the 1970s and 80s. The new edition has five new chapters as well as updates and changes throughout. Visit our website for sample chapters!
Hardly a day passes without journalists, policymakers, academics, or scientists calling attention to the worldwide scale of the environmental crisis confronting humankind. While climate change has generated the greatest alarm in recent years, other global problems-desertification, toxic pollution, species extinctions, drought, and deforestation, to name just a few-loom close behind. The scope of the most pressing environmental problems far exceeds the capacity of individual nation-states, much less smaller political entities. To compound these problems, economic globalization, the growth of non-governmental activist groups, and the accelerating flow of information have fundamentally transformed the geopolitical landscape. Despite the new urgency of these challenges, however, they are not without historical precedent. As this book shows, nation-states have long sought agreements to manage migratory wildlife, just as they have negotiated conventions governing the exploitation of rivers and other bodies of water. Similarly, nation-states have long attempted to control resources beyond their borders, to impose their standards of proper environmental exploitation on others, and to draw on expertise developed elsewhere to cope with environmental problems at home. This collection examines this little-understood history, providing case studies and context to inform ongoing debates.