[PDF] Fundamental Aspects Of Unconfined Explosions eBook

Author :
Publisher :
Page : 101 pages
File Size : 27,44 MB
Release : 1980
Category :
ISBN :

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Research during the past year has led to some significant results which have profound implications in the area of vapor cloud explosion in general, and in the area of 'shockless' initiation of detonation in particular. In brief we have; (1) demonstrated experimentally that initiation of detonation can be achieved by injecting a chemical catalyst into a fuel-air mixture, (ii) demonstrated experimentally that direct initiation can be achieved by seeding an explosive mixture with free radicals of the appropriate concentration and spatial distribution, (iii) demonstrated experimentally that direct initiation can be achieved via turbulent mixing between an explosive mixture and its combustion products, (iv) demonstrated experimentally that unconfined turbulent flame speeds exceeding 400 m/s can readily be achieved in a mixture as inert as methane air, (v) clarified through experiments the role of confinement on the propagation of detonations near the detonability limits, and (vi) assessed the far field destructive potential of FAE weapons by calculating numerically the effective blast energy of non-ideal blast waves generated by vapor cloud explosions. (Author).

Author : W.E. Baker
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 277 pages
File Size : 47,94 MB
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 044459809X

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Damaging accidental explosions are a continuous threat to industry. Categories for such explosions include combustible dust explosions; reactive gas explosions, both confined and unconfined; hybrid explosions involving both gases and dusts; bursts of pressure vessels and piping; and liquid propellant explosions. This book evaluates the physical processes and resulting blast effects for these types of explosions. Special attention is given to reactive gas explosions, both confined and unconfined. This latter class of explosion has occurred all too frequently in refineries and petrochemical complexes, and is also one of the most difficult to predict and evaluate. Much recent work on this topic is reviewed and summarized. This is the only publication of its kind, to date, that offers such a thorough coverage of these types of industrial explosions. [p] Each class of explosion source is reviewed separately, first discussing fundamentals, then presenting methods of analysis and testing, and finally giving curves or equations to predict effects of the particular class of explosion. An extensive bibliography is included together with tables of pertinent properties of explosive materials. The text also includes many figures, equations, tables and a keyword index. The book is intended for researchers in the field of characterizing and mitigating industrial explosions. It will also be of interest to engineers, scientists, and insurers involved in processes.

Author : Victor Christopher Marshall
Publisher : IChemE
Page : 316 pages
File Size : 50,92 MB
Release : 2001
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780852954317

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This text - primarily aimed at students of the fundamentals for process safety - presents the fundamentals of process safety in such a form those students, who typically lack such prior knowledge and experience, will fully understand and absorb the subject. The knowledge is presented in a coherent, integrated, academic framework, which is founded in fundamental science, especially in the disciplines of physics and chemistry. The text should help students find the subject more amenable to systematic study and more clearly related to other subjects covered in their curriculum. The information has been used in the teaching of a Process Safety module to undergraduate students of chemical engineering at the University of Bradford.

Author : Daniel A. Crowl
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 35,33 MB
Release : 2010-08-13
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0470925205

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There are many different types of explosions, each with its own complex mechanism. Understanding explosions is important in preventing them. This reference provides valuable information on explosions for everyone involved in the operation, design, maintenance, and management of chemical processes, helping enhance understanding of the nature of explosions and the practical methods required to prevent them from occurring. The text includes: Fundamental basis for explosions Explosive and flammable behavior and characteristics of materials Different types of explosions Fire and explosion hazard recognition Practical methods for preventing explosions or minimizing the potential consequences Additional references Understanding Explosions provides a practical understanding of explosion fundamentals, including the different types of explosions, the explosive and flammable behavior of materials, and the hazards related to fires and explosions. It also discusses practical methods to prevent and minimize the probability and consequence of an explosion during routine use of flammable, combustible and/or reactive materials.

Author : A. K. Oppenheim
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 787 pages
File Size : 11,6 MB
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 1483150054

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Gas Dynamics of Explosions and Reactive Systems documents the proceedings of the 6th Colloquium held at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Sweden, 22-26 August 1977. The meeting was held under the auspices of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and the International Academy of Astronautics. The scientific program included over one hundred papers. The contributions in this volume are organized into four parts. Part I contains papers on gaseous detonations. It covers topics such as theoretical model of a detonation cell; spherical detonations in hydrocarbon-air mixtures; and shock wave propagation in tubes filled with water foams. Part II presents studies on explosions, such as the detonation of hydrogen azide and propagation of a laser-supported detonation wave. Part III examines condensed phase detonations. It includes papers on the mechanism of the divergent and convergent dark waves originating at the charge boundary in detonating liquid homogeneous explosives with unstable detonation front; and initiation studies in sensitized nitromethane. Part IV presents discussions on turbulent detonations, covering topics such as the computational aspects of turbulent combustion and problems and techniques in turbulent reactive systems.