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Author : George W. Rainbolt
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 49,78 MB
Release :
Category :
ISBN : 3031611810
Author : Elizabeth Barnes
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 213 pages
File Size : 12,34 MB
Release : 2017-04-14
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0191046558
Elizabeth Barnes argues compellingly that disability is primarily a social phenomenon—a way of being a minority, a way of facing social oppression, but not a way of being inherently or intrinsically worse off. This is how disability is understood in the Disability Rights and Disability Pride movements; but there is a massive disconnect with the way disability is typically viewed within analytic philosophy. The idea that disability is not inherently bad or sub-optimal is one that many philosophers treat with open skepticism, and sometimes even with scorn. The goal of this book is to articulate and defend a version of the view of disability that is common in the Disability Rights movement. Elizabeth Barnes argues that to be physically disabled is not to have a defective body, but simply to have a minority body.
Author : Isaiah Berlin
Publisher :
Page : 57 pages
File Size : 45,84 MB
Release : 1966
Category :
ISBN :
Author : Mariam Thalos
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 28,57 MB
Release : 2016-03-17
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 131739495X
In A Social Theory of Freedom, Mariam Thalos argues that the theory of human freedom should be a broadly social and political theory, rather than a theory that places itself in opposition to the issue of determinism. Thalos rejects the premise that a theory of freedom is fundamentally a theory of the metaphysics of constraint and, instead, lays out a political conception of freedom that is closely aligned with questions of social identity, self-development in contexts of intimate relationships, and social solidarity. Thalos argues that whether a person is free (in any context) depends upon a certain relationship of fit between that agent’s conception of themselves (both present and future), on the one hand, and the facts of their circumstances, on the other. Since relationships of fit are broadly logical, freedom is a logic—it is the logic of fit between one’s aspirations and one’s circumstances, what Thalos calls the logic of agency. The logic of agency, once fleshed out, becomes a broadly social and political theory that encompasses one’s self-conceptions as well as how these self-conceptions are generated, together with how they fit with the circumstances of one’s life. The theory of freedom proposed in this volume is fundamentally a political one.
Author : Axel Honneth
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 441 pages
File Size : 45,42 MB
Release : 2014-03-11
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0745680062
The theory of justice is one of the most intensely debated areas of contemporary philosophy. Most theories of justice, however, have only attained their high level of justification at great cost. By focusing on purely normative, abstract principles, they become detached from the sphere that constitutes their “field of application” - namely, social reality. Axel Honneth proposes a different approach. He seeks to derive the currently definitive criteria of social justice directly from the normative claims that have developed within Western liberal democratic societies. These criteria and these claims together make up what he terms “democratic ethical life”: a system of morally legitimate norms that are not only legally anchored, but also institutionally established. Honneth justifies this far-reaching endeavour by demonstrating that all essential spheres of action in Western societies share a single feature, as they all claim to realize a specific aspect of individual freedom. In the spirit of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right and guided by the theory of recognition, Honneth shows how principles of individual freedom are generated which constitute the standard of justice in various concrete social spheres: personal relationships, economic activity in the market, and the political public sphere. Honneth seeks thereby to realize a very ambitious aim: to renew the theory of justice as an analysis of society.
Author : Lawrence M. Mead
Publisher : Encounter Books
Page : 361 pages
File Size : 19,8 MB
Release : 2019-04-23
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1641770414
Burdens of Freedom presents a new and radical interpretation of America and its challenges. The United States is an individualist society where most people seek to realize personal goals and values out in the world. This unusual, inner-driven culture was the chief reason why first Europe, then Britain, and finally America came to lead the world. But today, our deepest problems derive from groups and nations that reflect the more passive, deferential temperament of the non-West. The long-term poor and many immigrants have difficulties assimilating in America mainly because they are less inner-driven than the norm. Abroad, the United States faces challenges from Asia, which is collective-minded, and also from many poorly-governed countries in the developing world. The chief threat to American leadership is no longer foreign rivals like China but the decay of individualism within our own society. The great divide is between the individualist West, for which life is a project, and the rest of the world, in which most people seek to survive rather than achieve. This difference, although clear in research on world cultures, has been ignored in virtually all previous scholarship on American power and public policy, both at home and abroad. Burdens of Freedom is the first book to recognize that difference. It casts new light on America's greatest struggles. It re-evaluates the entire Western tradition, which took individualism for granted. How to respond to cultural difference is the greatest test of our times.
Author : Maggie Nelson
Publisher : Random House
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 40,53 MB
Release : 2021-09-09
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 1473581087
'One of the most electrifying writers at work in America today, among the sharpest and most supple thinkers of her generation' OLIVIA LAING What can freedom really mean? In this invigorating, essential book, Maggie Nelson explores how we might think, experience or talk about the concept in ways that are responsive to our divided world. Drawing on pop culture, theory and the intimacies and plain exchanges of daily life, she follows freedom - with all its complexities - through four realms: art, sex, drugs and climate. On Freedom offers a bold new perspective on the challenging times in which we live. 'Tremendously energising' Guardian 'This provocative meditation...shows Nelson at her most original and brilliant' New York Times 'Nelson is such a friend to her reader, such brilliant company... Exhilarating' Literary Review * A New York Times Notable Book * * A Guardian and TLS 'Books of 2021' Pick *
Author : Ian Carter
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 323 pages
File Size : 24,90 MB
Release : 1999-03-25
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0198294530
It is often said that one person or society is `freer' than another, or that people have a right to equal freedom, or that freedom should be increased or even maximized. Such quantitative claims about freedom are of great importance to us, forming an essential part of our political discourse and theorizing. Yet their meaning has been surprisingly neglected by political philosophers until now.Ian Carter provides the first systematic account of the nature and importance of our judgements about degrees of freedom. He begins with an analysis of the normative assumptions behind the claim that individuals are entitled to a measure of freedom, and then goes on to ask whether it is indeed conceptually possible to measure freedom. Adopting a coherentist approach, the author argues for a conception of freedom that not only reflects commonly held intuitions about who is freer than who but isalso compatible with a liberal or freedom-based theory of justice.
Author : Philip Pettit
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 351 pages
File Size : 36,54 MB
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : History
ISBN : 1107005116
A novel, republican theory of the point of democracy, providing a model of the institutions that republican democracy would require.
Author : Tudor Paroiu
Publisher :
Page : 162 pages
File Size : 45,61 MB
Release : 2016-10-06
Category :
ISBN : 9781539426844
The first of six works which have opened the way to the unconventional in philosophy but also in any other science or non-science, existent or future. Since we cannot comprise the unlimited, the 'unconventional philosophy' starts from our conventions of language or of reflection of Reality in Itself and it extrapolates them into the unlimited, beyond ourselves or any other universe/entity. Thus, a new philosophy, a new way of thinking, a new reason of being and obviously a new stage of understanding freedom and our constraints or those of others as a freedom/constraint simultaneity and not just freedom or just constraint. We must no longer let ourselves be fooled by the Reality in Itself in which we are and in which we exist, and make a clear difference between this Reality in Itself and its reflection in each of our spirits as ideas, which is just an individual reflection, an ilusionreality, limited and relatively different than the absolute, unlimited Reality in Itself. From the title we must understand that the simultaneity of this freedom with constraint is in fact the same thing, freedom/constraint, but reflected differently from the same system of reference or other systems of reference. The Universe in Itself neither has freedom separately, nor constraint separately, it is perfect and it only has the simultaneity of these contraries, even if we cannot reflect this. There is no separate freedom, without the constraint it comprises, just like there is no matter without the energy it comprises, just that we, given our limits, cannot reflect the constraint that freedom releases or we cannot reflect the freedom that the constraint defines, just like many times we cannot see the matter which comprises energy or the energy that forms that matter. The book is one of 'unconventional philosophy' and not 'pure philosophy' as other call it, for the reason presented before, meaning that we, the limited universe/entities can never comprise, reflect, understand the unlimited. Furthermore, this philosophy does not pretend to reach perfection and neither does it wish such a thing, for the simple reason that perfection does not exist, it is an illusion, a side of a contrary and its separate existence is an aberration and not paradox, like our simultaneities, we just extrapolate these simultaneities which are in each of us, just like the contraries of any nature, good/bad, beautiful/ugly, hate/love, fear/ courage but also freedom/constraint or universe/entity or matter/energy or individual/group or form/existence/spirit and many others. We shall never, nowhere find freedom without constraint and constraint without freedom just like we shall never find space without the time that defines it or time without the space that comprises it.