[PDF] Flow Mechanisms And Numerical Simulation Of Gas Production From Shale Reservoirs eBook

Author : Chaohua Guo
Publisher :
Page : 194 pages
File Size : 15,97 MB
Release : 2015
Category :
ISBN :

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"Shale gas is one kind of the unconventional resources which is becoming an ever increasing component to secure the natural gas supply in U.S. Different from conventional hydrocarbon formations, shale gas reservoirs (SGRs) present numerous challenges to modeling and understanding due to complex pore structure, ultra-low permeability, and multiple transport mechanisms. In this study, the deviation against conventional gas flow have been detected in the lab experiments for gas flow through nano membranes. Based on the experimental results, a new apparent permeability expression is proposed with considering viscous flow, Knudsen diffusion, and slip flow. The gas flow mechanisms of gas flow in the SGRs have been studied using well test method with considering multiple flow mechanisms including desorption, diffusive flow, Darcy flow and stress-sensitivity. Type curves were plotted and different flow regimes were identified. Sensitivity analysis of adsorption and fracturing parameters on gas production performance have been analyzed. Then, numerical simulation study have been conducted for the SGRs with considering multiple mechanisms, including viscous flow, Knudsen diffusion, Klinkenberg effect, pore radius change, gas desorption, and gas viscosity change. Results show that adsorption and gas viscosity change will have a great impact on gas production. At last, the numerical simulation model for SGRs with multi-stage hydraulic fracturing horizontal well has been constructed. Sensitivity analysis for reservoir and fracturing parameters on gas production performance have been conducted. Results show that hydraulic fracture parameters are more sensitive compared with reservoir parameters. The study in this project can contribute to the understanding and simulation of SGRs"--Abstract, page iv.

Author : Jebraeel Gholinezhad
Publisher : Springer
Page : 96 pages
File Size : 18,11 MB
Release : 2017-12-27
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 3319707698

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This book addresses the problems involved in the modelling and simulation of shale gas reservoirs, and details recent advances in the field. It discusses various modelling and simulation challenges, such as the complexity of fracture networks, adsorption phenomena, non-Darcy flow, and natural fracture networks, presenting the latest findings in these areas. It also discusses the difficulties of developing shale gas models, and compares analytical modelling and numerical simulations of shale gas reservoirs with those of conventional reservoirs. Offering a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art in developing shale gas models and simulators in the upstream oil industry, it allows readers to gain a better understanding of these reservoirs and encourages more systematic research on efficient exploitation of shale gas plays. It is a valuable resource for researchers interested in the modelling of unconventional reservoirs and graduate students studying reservoir engineering. It is also of interest to practising reservoir and production engineers.

Author : Liehui Zhang
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 388 pages
File Size : 11,95 MB
Release : 2019-05-16
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0444643168

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Well Production Performance Analysis for Shale Gas Reservoirs, Volume 66 presents tactics and discussions that are urgently needed by the petroleum community regarding unconventional oil and gas resources development and production. The book breaks down the mechanics of shale gas reservoirs and the use of mathematical models to analyze their performance. Features an in-depth analysis of shale gas horizontal fractured wells and how they differ from their conventional counterparts Includes detailed information on the testing of fractured horizontal wells before and after fracturing Offers in-depth analysis of numerical simulation and the importance of this tool for the development of shale gas reservoirs

Author : Xiang Xu
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 44,27 MB
Release : 2016
Category :
ISBN :

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Understanding production performances of shale gas wells is important for reserves assessment and production optimization. Type curve analysis is a practical method used in the industry; but there are a number of limitations in applying traditional type curves in shale gas reservoirs because of the unique storage and flow mechanisms in shale gas reservoir. Thus specialized type curves are necessary.In this research, first I understood the storage and flow mechanisms in conventional and shale gas reservoirs; then I critically reviewed development and applications of type curves in conventional and shale gas reservoirs. The third step I developed a specialized multiphase, multi-mechanics type curves capable of analyzing production performances of shale gas wells based on our numerical simulation results, and finally applied and validated my type curves in a Marcellus well. This newly developed type curves could help engineers analyze shale gas well performances and identify potential production issues in a systematic and pragmatic manner.

Author : Reza Rezaee
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 420 pages
File Size : 49,9 MB
Release : 2015-07-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1119039207

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Provides comprehensive information about the key exploration, development and optimization concepts required for gas shale reservoirs Includes statistics about gas shale resources and countries that have shale gas potential Addresses the challenges that oil and gas industries may confront for gas shale reservoir exploration and development Introduces petrophysical analysis, rock physics, geomechanics and passive seismic methods for gas shale plays Details shale gas environmental issues and challenges, economic consideration for gas shale reservoirs Includes case studies of major producing gas shale formations

Author : Wei Yu
Publisher : Gulf Professional Publishing
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 29,17 MB
Release : 2018-07-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 0128138696

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Shale Gas and Tight Oil Reservoir Simulation delivers the latest research and applications used to better manage and interpret simulating production from shale gas and tight oil reservoirs. Starting with basic fundamentals, the book then includes real field data that will not only generate reliable reserve estimation, but also predict the effective range of reservoir and fracture properties through multiple history matching solutions. Also included are new insights into the numerical modelling of CO2 injection for enhanced oil recovery in tight oil reservoirs. This information is critical for a better understanding of the impacts of key reservoir properties and complex fractures. Models the well performance of shale gas and tight oil reservoirs with complex fracture geometries Teaches how to perform sensitivity studies, history matching, production forecasts, and economic optimization for shale-gas and tight-oil reservoirs Helps readers investigate data mining techniques, including the introduction of nonparametric smoothing models

Author : Bicheng Yan
Publisher :
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 47,28 MB
Release : 2013
Category :
ISBN :

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The state of the art of modeling fluid flow in shale gas reservoirs is dominated by dual porosity models that divide the reservoirs into matrix blocks that significantly contribute to fluid storage and fracture networks which principally control flow capacity. However, recent extensive microscopic studies reveal that there exist massive micro- and nano- pore systems in shale matrices. Because of this, the actual flow mechanisms in shale reservoirs are considerably more complex than can be simulated by the conventional dual porosity models and Darcy's Law. Therefore, a model capturing multiple pore scales and flow can provide a better understanding of complex flow mechanisms occurring in these reservoirs. Through the use of a unique simulator, this research work establishes a micro-scale multiple-porosity model for fluid flow in shale reservoirs by capturing the dynamics occurring in three separate porosity systems: organic matter (mainly kerogen); inorganic matter; and natural fractures. Inorganic and organic portions of shale matrix are treated as sub-blocks with different attributes, such as wettability and pore structures. In the organic matter or kerogen, gas desorption and diffusion are the dominant physics. Since the flow regimes are sensitive to pore size, the effects of smaller pores (mainly nanopores and picopores) and larger pores (mainly micropores and nanopores) in kerogen are incorporated in the simulator. The separate inorganic sub-blocks mainly contribute to the ability to better model dynamic water behavior. The multiple porosity model is built upon a unique tool for simulating general multiple porosity systems in which several porosity systems may be tied to each other through arbitrary transfer functions and connectivities. This new model will allow us to better understand complex flow mechanisms and in turn to extend simulation to the reservoir scale including hydraulic fractures through upscaling techniques. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151163

Author : Chenji Wei
Publisher :
Page : 151 pages
File Size : 41,15 MB
Release : 2013
Category : Hydraulic fracturing
ISBN : 9781303094804

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Shale gas development has more than 3 decades of history and remains one of the hottest topics in the petroleum industry. Shale gas development in China is underway. Our study focuses on an emerging marine shale gas reservoir in southern China, with its huge reserves that have attracted strong attention. The first part of this dissertation is the petrophysical characterization, which is an important step for a new shale gas play to better understand the geology of the formation, and it provides vital data to optimize a production plan and stimulation design. A systematic petrophysical study was conducted for the marine shale gas reservoir by conducting a series of 6 parallel experiments for 12 groups of samples to measure the total organic content (TOC), vitrinite reflectance (Ro), porosity, permeability, mineralogy, and gas content. Second, the extra-low porosity and permeability of shale formations complicate the mechanisms of shale gas storage and flow. Understanding the microstructure is significant for evaluating a new shale gas play toward accurate reserve estimation and recovery prediction. Both physical measurement (nitrogen adsorption experiment) and visualization technology (Scanning Electron Microscope) were used to characterize the nanopore structure of the Longmaxi Shale. Isotherms were obtained from adsorption experiments, and specific surface area and pore size distribution were calculated from the experimental results. Combining with the TOC, gas content, and mineralogy of the Longmaxi Shale, the significance and the controlling factors of the specific surface area and the nanopore volume were discussed. In addition, various types of porosity and several microfractures were observed from SEM images. Third, preliminary interpretation of the imaging logs revealed natural fractures in the formation that can significantly affect the production performance of shale gas wells since preexisting natural fractures will influence hydraulic fracture propagation. Thus, numerical simulation was conducted focusing on the interaction between hydraulically induced fractures and preexisting natural fractures. A hydraulic fracturing model considering the in-situ stress response to turbulent flow process was developed and validated with regression tests of a bi-wing hydraulic fracture model. Field-scale simulation results indicate that our model is capable of capturing the interactions between hydraulic fractures and the preexisting natural fractures defined by the initial fracture maps. Finally, a new model was built to model the actual network of hydraulic and preexisting fractures from geological interpretations and microseismic mapping results. The discrete fracture modeling (DFM) approach was applied to represent each fracture individually and explicitly. The near-well effects were modeled in detail by refining the unstructured 3D grid to the point where we fully resolve stimulated fractures. Simulations of the detailed model of an actual shale gas reservoir considered various mechanisms including adsorption/desorption, matrix/fracture transfer, and non-Darcy effects. Furthermore, the dissertation illustrates upscaling from the discrete fracture model to a coarse continuum model using multiple subregion (MSR), and the high degree of accuracy provided by this technique is demonstrated by comparing the solution of the upscaled model with the corresponding fine-grid solution for a synthetic case.

Author : Clifford K. Ho
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 442 pages
File Size : 24,18 MB
Release : 2006-10-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 140203962X

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CLIFFORD K. HOAND STEPHEN W. WEBB Sandia National Laboratories, P. O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA Gas and vapor transport in porous media occur in a number of important applications includingdryingofindustrialandfoodproducts,oilandgasexploration,environm- tal remediation of contaminated sites, and carbon sequestration. Understanding the fundamental mechanisms and processes of gas and vapor transport in porous media allows models to be used to evaluate and optimize the performance and design of these systems. In this book, gas and vapor are distinguished by their available states at stan- ? dard temperature and pressure (20 C, 101 kPa). If the gas-phase constituent can also exist as a liquid phase at standard temperature and pressure (e. g. , water, ethanol, toluene, trichlorothylene), it is considered a vapor. If the gas-phase constituent is non-condensable at standard temperature and pressure (e. g. , oxygen, carbon di- ide, helium, hydrogen, propane), it is considered a gas. The distinction is important because different processes affect the transport and behavior of gases and vapors in porous media. For example, mechanisms specific to vapors include vapor-pressure lowering and enhanced vapor diffusion, which are caused by the presence of a g- phase constituent interacting with its liquid phase in an unsaturated porous media. In addition, the “heat-pipe” exploits isothermal latent heat exchange during evaporation and condensation to effectively transfer heat in designed and natural systems.

Author : Reza Rezaee
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 522 pages
File Size : 31,10 MB
Release : 2020-04-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 3039285807

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The need for energy is increasing and but the production from conventional reservoirs is declining quickly. This requires an economically and technically feasible source of energy for the coming years. Among some alternative future energy solutions, the most reasonable source is from unconventional reservoirs. As the name “unconventional” implies, different and challenging approaches are required to characterize and develop these resources. This Special Issue covers some of the technical challenges for developing unconventional energy sources from shale gas/oil, tight gas sand, and coalbed methane.