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Author : Gary Kyle
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 49,16 MB
Release : 2004
Category :
ISBN :
The NMSU group has a lengthy history in the study of the nucleon structure and in particular its spin structure in terms of its fundamental constituents. This line of research is continuing in our current involvement in experiments at Brookhaven National Lab and the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility.
Author :
Publisher :
Page : 87 pages
File Size : 50,37 MB
Release : 1996
Category :
ISBN :
This report summarizes the work on experimental research in intermediate energy nuclear physics carried out by New Mexico State University from April 1, 1994, through March 31, 1996 under a grant from the US Department of Energy. During this period we began phasing out our programs of study of pion-nucleus and pion-nucleon interaction and of nucleon-nucleus charge-exchange reactions, which have been our major focus of the past two or three years. At the same time we continued moving in a new direction of research on studies of the internal structure of nucleons and nuclei in terms of quarks and gluons. The pion and nucleon work has been aimed at improving our understanding of the nature of pion and proton interactions in the nuclear medium and of various aspects of nuclear structure. The studies of the quark-gluon structure of nucleons are aimed at clarifying such problems as the nature of the quark sea and the relation of the nucleon spin to the spins of the quarks within the nucleon, questions which are of a very fundamental nature.
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 153 pages
File Size : 36,71 MB
Release : 2018-10-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 0309478561
Understanding of protons and neutrons, or "nucleons"â€"the building blocks of atomic nucleiâ€"has advanced dramatically, both theoretically and experimentally, in the past half century. A central goal of modern nuclear physics is to understand the structure of the proton and neutron directly from the dynamics of their quarks and gluons governed by the theory of their interactions, quantum chromodynamics (QCD), and how nuclear interactions between protons and neutrons emerge from these dynamics. With deeper understanding of the quark-gluon structure of matter, scientists are poised to reach a deeper picture of these building blocks, and atomic nuclei themselves, as collective many-body systems with new emergent behavior. The development of a U.S. domestic electron-ion collider (EIC) facility has the potential to answer questions that are central to completing an understanding of atoms and integral to the agenda of nuclear physics today. This study assesses the merits and significance of the science that could be addressed by an EIC, and its importance to nuclear physics in particular and to the physical sciences in general. It evaluates the significance of the science that would be enabled by the construction of an EIC, its benefits to U.S. leadership in nuclear physics, and the benefits to other fields of science of a U.S.-based EIC.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 222 pages
File Size : 46,71 MB
Release : 1999-03-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 0309173663
Dramatic progress has been made in all branches of physics since the National Research Council's 1986 decadal survey of the field. The Physics in a New Era series explores these advances and looks ahead to future goals. The series includes assessments of the major subfields and reports on several smaller subfields, and preparation has begun on an overview volume on the unity of physics, its relationships to other fields, and its contributions to national needs. Nuclear Physics is the latest volume of the series. The book describes current activity in understanding nuclear structure and symmetries, the behavior of matter at extreme densities, the role of nuclear physics in astrophysics and cosmology, and the instrumentation and facilities used by the field. It makes recommendations on the resources needed for experimental and theoretical advances in the coming decade.
Author : R. Klapisch
Publisher : Springer
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 16,20 MB
Release : 2012-01-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461595816
The fourth course of the International School on Physics with Low Energy Antiprotons was held in Erice, Sicily, at the Ettore Majorana Centre for Scientific Culture from 25 to 31 January, 1990. The previous courses covered topics related to fundamental symmetries, light and heavy quark spectroscopy, and antiproton-nucleus interactions. The purpose of this school is to review theoretical and experimental aspects of low energy antiproton physics concerning the quark-gluon structure of hadrons and the dynamics of the. antiproton-nucleon interaction. Another important objective is the discussion of future directions of research with low-and medium-energy antiprotons in the context of future medium energy facilities at CERN and elsewhere. These proceedings contain both the tutorial lectures and the various contributions presented during the school by the participants. The proceedings have been organised in three sections. The first section is devoted to the theoretical lectures and contributions. The selection of the various subjects wants to emphasize the correlation between antiproton-nucleon physics and the underlying description in terms of quarks and gluons. The second section contains an overview about 35 years of experiments with antiprotons. It gives an introduction to the particle physics aspects of the field by outlining the historical development of experiment and theory, and by describing the motivation and the results of three recent LEAR experiments in more detail. The third section contains most of the contributions of the participants describing in more detail certain aspects of current or planned experiments at LEAR.
Author : Alexei Prokudin
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 43,43 MB
Release : 2020-05-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9811214964
This book contains proceedings of the 7-week INT program dedicated to the physics of the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), the world's first polarized electron-nucleon (ep) and electron-nucleus (eA) collider to be constructed in the United States. The 2015 NSAC Long Range Plan recommended EIC as the 'highest priority for new facility construction following the completion of FRIB'. The primary goal of the EIC is to establish precise multi-dimensional imaging of quarks and gluons inside nucleons and nuclei. This includes (i) understanding the spatial and momentum space structure of the nucleon through the studies of TMDs (transverse-momentum-dependent parton distributions), GPD (generalized parton distributions) and the Wigner distribution; (ii) determining the partonic origin of the nucleon spin; (iii) exploring the new quantum chromodynamics (QCD) frontier of ultra-strong gluon fields, with the potential to seal the discovery of a new form of dense gluon matter predicted to exist in all nuclei and nucleons at small Bjorken x — the parton saturation.The program brought together both theorists and experimentalists from Jefferson Lab (JLab), Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) along with the national and international nuclear physics communities to assess and advance the EIC physics.
Author :
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 19,53 MB
Release : 2011
Category :
ISBN :
Understanding the strong interaction (QCD) in the truly strong ('non-perturbative') region remains a major challenge in modern physics. Nucleon and nuclei provide natural laboratories to study the strong interaction. The quark-gluon structure of the nucleon and nuclei are important by themselves since they are the main (>99%) part of the visible world. With electroweak interaction well-understood, e-p and e-A are clean means to probe the nucleon and nuclear structure and to study the strong interaction (QCD). Inclusive Deep-Inelastic Scattering (DIS) experiments have provided us with the most extensive information on the unpolarized and longitudinally-polarized parton (quark and gluon) distributions (PDFs). It has becoming clear that transverse spin and transverse structure (both transverse spatial structure via generalized parton distributions (GPDs) and transverse momentum structure via transverse- momentum-dependent distributions (TMDs)) study are crucial for a more complete understanding of the nucleon structure and the dynamics of the strong interaction(QCD). The transverse spin, GPDs and TMDs have been the subjects of increasingly intense theoretical and experimental study recently. With 12 GeV energy upgrade, Jefferson Lab (JLab) will provide the most precise multi-dimensional map of the TMDs and GPDs in the valence quark region through Semi-Inclusive DIS (SIDIS) and Deep-Exclusive experiments, providing a 3-d partonic picture of the nucleon in momentum and spatial spaces. The precision information on TMDs and GPDs will provide access to the quark orbital angular momentum and its correlation with the quark and the nucleon spins. The planned future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) will enable a precision study of the TMDs and GPDs of the sea quarks and gluons, in addition to completing the study in the valence region. The EIC will also open a new window to study the role of gluons in nuclei.
Author : Wolfram Weise
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 720 pages
File Size : 18,35 MB
Release : 1985-04-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9814513555
Contents:Constituents of the Atomic Nucleus (B Povh)Quarks, Chiral Symmetry and Dynamics of Nuclear Constituents (W Weise)The Chiral Quark Bag: Properties and Spectroscopy of Baryons and the Nuclear Force (F Myhrer)Building the Nucleus from Quarks: the Cloudy Bag Model and the Quark Description of the Nucleon- Nucleon Wave Function (G A Miller)Deep Inelastic Lepton- Nucleus Scattering (H J Pirner)Baryon-baryon Interaction from Quark Model Viewpoint (M Oka & K Yazaki)From Phenomenological to Macroscopic Description of NN Annihilation (A M Green & J A Niskanen) Readership: Nuclear physicists. Keywords:Quarks;Nuclei;Chiral Symmetry;Dynamics;Baryons
Author : J.-F. Mathiot
Publisher : Atlantica Séguier Frontières
Page : 584 pages
File Size : 46,57 MB
Release : 1995
Category : Astrophysics
ISBN : 9782863321799
Author : M.N. Harakeh
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 361 pages
File Size : 24,56 MB
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 1461525586
The last decade has been witness to many exciting and rapid developments in the fields of Nuclear Physics and Intermediate Energy Physics, the interface between Nuclear and Elementary Particle Physics. These developments involved to a large extent the sub nucleonic degrees of freedom in nuclei. In deep inelastic lepton scattering from nuclei, for example, it was observed that the quark structure of the nucleon is influenced by the nuclear medium. Also, the spin-dependent structure function of the nucleon was found to differ from sum rules based on SU(3) symmetry, a discrepancy referred to as the "spin crisis". In pion electroproduction at threshold and in the production of pions and other mesons in heavy ion collisions at intermediate energies interesting experimental results have been obtained, which triggered lively theoretical discussions. Furthermore, the search for the quark-gluon plasma phase of hadronic matter, a phase that is supposed to have existed in the first few seconds of the Big Bang, has been intensified. Not only were these developments accompanied by technical developments, such as the building of new experimental facilities, but also extensive theoretical efforts have been directed towards understanding these phenomena. These concerted efforts will hopefully lead to an understanding of the transition from the non-perturbative QCD regime to the perturbative one, in which the quark structure of nucleons is better understood. All of the aforementioned developments occur at a high pace, making it difficult to incorporate them into the courses offered to advanced students.