[PDF] Experimental Approaches To The Study Of Charity eBook

Author : Daniel M. Oppenheimer
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 275 pages
File Size : 33,20 MB
Release : 2011-01-19
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 1135234035

GET BOOK

Americans donate over 300 billion dollars a year to charity, but the psychological factors that govern whether to give, and how much to give, are still not well understood. Our understanding of charitable giving is based primarily upon the intuitions of fundraisers or correlational data which cannot establish causal relationships. By contrast, the chapters in this book study charity using experimental methods in which the variables of interest are experimentally manipulated. As a result, it becomes possible to identify the causal factors that underlie giving, and to design effective intervention programs that can help increase the likelihood and amount that people contribute to a cause. For charitable organizations, this book examines the efficacy of fundraising strategies commonly used by nonprofits and makes concrete recommendations about how to make capital campaigns more efficient and effective. Moreover, a number of novel factors that influence giving are identified and explored, opening the door to exciting new avenues in fundraising. For researchers, this book breaks novel theoretical ground in our understanding of how charitable decisions are made. While the chapters focus on applications to charity, the emotional, social, and cognitive mechanisms explored herein all have more general implications for the study of psychology and behavioral economics. This book highlights some of the most intriguing, surprising, and enlightening experimental studies on the topic of donation behavior, opening up exciting pathways to cross-cutting the divide between theory and practice.

Author : Craig Landry
Publisher :
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 10,78 MB
Release : 2005
Category : Charities
ISBN :

GET BOOK

"This study develops theory and uses a door-to-door fundraising field experiment to explore the economics of charity. We approached nearly 5000 households, randomly divided into four experimental treatments, to shed light on key issues on the demand side of charitable fundraising. Empirical results are in line with our theory: in gross terms, our lottery treatments raised considerably more money than our voluntary contributions treatments. Interestingly, we find that a one standard deviation increase in female solicitor physical attractiveness is similar to that of the lottery incentive, the magnitude of the estimated difference in gifts is roughly equivalent to the treatment effect of moving from our theoretically most attractive approach (lotteries) to our least attractive approach (voluntary contributions)"--National Bureau of Economic Research web site.

Author : R. Mark Issac
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 25,96 MB
Release : 2010-03-23
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 1849507686

GET BOOK

Deals with philanthropy. This title includes major themes in which the tools of choice, endogeneity, and self-selection are employed such as: What increases or decreases charitable activity? and How do organizational and managerial issues affect the performance of non-profit organizations?

Author : Mark R. Mulder
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 39,86 MB
Release : 2012
Category :
ISBN : 9781267476876

GET BOOK

This dissertation explores emerging trends in how consumers approach and experience charitable giving and expands on traditional charity research, which has typically considered how the type of charitable request and donor motivations impact willingness to contribute to charities. I first present a conceptual model illustrating how the dissertation extends typical charity research. I then report three essays and ten experimental studies testing several theoretical frameworks relevant to charitable giving and responses to service failures. Essay 1 explores how consumers respond when they receive and use a charity gift card, which allows the recipient to select which charitable project they wish to fund with their card. Results show that using charity gift cards increases future intentions to donate to the target charity, but that there may be an upper limit to how many project options to offer charity gift card recipients, providing some support for a choice overload hypothesis. Essay 2 explores if consumers prefer a peer-to-peer (P2P) charity model (where the donor chooses which project to fund) over a more traditional charity model (where the charity chooses which project to fund), and what happens after a donation is made. Results show that donors prefer the P2P model and engage in a number of negative behaviors if a P2P charity redirects their donation. A final study shows that, following a redirect, P2P charities can reduce negative donor reactions by offering donors an apology paired with compensation. Essay 3 shows that donors are more likely to support fundraisers that represent a high (vs. a low) fit with a given charity and that using creative linguistics (i.e., a rhyme) in the title of a fundraiser boosts intentions to support the fundraiser.

Author : Bahadir Dusendi
Publisher : Grin Publishing
Page : 20 pages
File Size : 45,62 MB
Release : 2016-06-24
Category : Charity organization
ISBN : 9783668204324

GET BOOK

Seminar paper from the year 2016 in the subject Psychology - Social Psychology, grade: 1,6, University of Paderborn, language: English, abstract: The so called nudging or setting defaults are getting more and more common. After the United Kingdom and the United States of America, Germany also got a nudging unit to affect laws by behavioral economic founding. Many aid organizations often struggle to collect enough donations in order to provide the help that is needed. By learning more about the donation behavior of individuals this problem might be solved. This study tries to find possible connections between donation behavior and default option problems. A lot of previous studies in behavioral economics show that setting defaults to opt-out are significantly influencing the behavior of the participants. Our experiment should analyze these findings concerning giving donations to charity organizations. We want to investigate if there are differences in donation between the opt-in and opt-out options. For that, we will conduct selling "Berliner" at two booths. At the first booth we will set the default 1 and ask for a 0.50 donation on top. At the second table we will set the default 1.50 with the opportunity, not to pay the 0.50 for donation, if the participant does not want to. First, we will build a theoretical framework for our study in which different default option studies will be introduced. Furthermore, a hypothesis is constructed following the results of these previous studies. Following our argumentation, it is hypothesized that the number of donations should be higher in the case of opt-out than in the case of opt-in. After the overall framework is explained, our experiment will be described in detail. At first the overall environment, structure and design of the experiment is described. Following, the implementations are stated. In the next chapter an analysis of our results is conducted. In the beginning our findings are presented in a number of cha

Author : Rob Ranyard
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 651 pages
File Size : 49,94 MB
Release : 2017-06-22
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1118926390

GET BOOK

A comprehensive overview of contemporary economic psychology Economic Psychology presents an accessible overview of contemporary economic psychology. The science of economic mental life and behavior is increasingly relevant as people are expected to take more responsibility for their household and personal economic decisions. The text will, in addition to reviewing current knowledge on each topic presented, consider the practical and policy implications for supporting economic decision making. Economic Psychology examines the central aspects of adult decision making in everyday life and includes the theories of economic decision making based on risk, value and affect, and theories of intertemporal choice. The text reviews the nature and behavioral consequences of economic mental representations about such things as material possessions, money and the economy. The editor Robert Ranyard—a noted expert on economic psychology—presents a life-span developmental approach, from childhood to old age. He also reviews the important societal issues such as charitable giving and economic sustainability. This vital resource: Reviews the economic psychology in everyday life including financial behaviour such as saving and tax-paying and matters such as entrepreneurial activity Offers an introduction to the field and traces the emergence of the discipline, from Adam Smith to George Katona and Herbert Simon Includes information on societal issues such as charitable giving and pro-environmental behaviour Considers broader perspectives on economic psychology: life-span psychological development from childhood to old age Written for students of psychology, Economic Psychology reviews the most important information on contemporary economic psychology with a focus on individual and household economic decision making, ranging widely across financial matters such as borrowing and saving, and economic activities such as buying, trading, and working.

Author : Russell N. James
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 30,43 MB
Release : 2017
Category :
ISBN :

GET BOOK

Philanthropic decision-making is important both for its potential to provide insight into human behaviour and for its economic significance. In recent years, investigations of charitable-giving behaviour have expanded substantially, including explorations from a variety of disciplinary perspectives such as economics, marketing, sociology, public administration, anthropology, evolutionary biology, political science and psychology. These investigations have resulted in a wealth of experimental results with each investigation accompanied by a discussion of potential theoretical implications. Most commonly, the various theories employed are helpful with regard to the narrow result of the investigation, but are not always useful in explaining the wider universe of results. Taking a comprehensive view of charitable-giving behaviour is thus limited to either employing a wide assortment of overlapping theoretical models, selectively applying each to fit individual phenomena, or merely referencing an ad hoc assortment of potential motivations. This circumstance suggests the value of a more unified, comprehensive approach to understanding the complete range of experimental and empirical results in charitable giving. This article proposes a comprehensive framework for philanthropic decision-making using a simple evolutionary approach incorporating interrelated fitness-enhancing strategies. The framework is then used in an extensive review of experimental and other empirical results in philanthropic decision-making. This review supports the framework proposition that giving depends on the tangibility of a gift's impact on altruism (direct or code), reciprocity (transactional or friendship) and possessions relative to its alternatives. Five example principles of fundraising practice demonstrate the practical applicability of this proposition: advance the donor hero story (tangibility of direct or code altruism); make the charity like family (friendship reciprocity); provide compatible publicity and benefits (transactional reciprocity); minimize perceived loss (possessions); and manage decision avoidance (relative to its alternatives). Understanding philanthropic behaviour from this perspective provides explanation and guidance for a wide range of charitable-giving behaviours and fundraising practices even in areas less amenable to traditional experimental investigation, such as charitable bequests and major gifts.

Author : Oliver James
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 549 pages
File Size : 49,16 MB
Release : 2017-07-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 110716205X

GET BOOK

An overview of experimental research and methods in public management, and their impact on theory, research practices and substantive knowledge.