[PDF] Evaluation Of Drilling Performance And Penetration Mechanisms Using Seismic While Drilling And Acoustic Emission Methods eBook

Author : Yingjian Xiao
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 24,62 MB
Release : 2017
Category :
ISBN :

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In oil and gas industry, drilling provides the path to exploit underground resources. Increasing rate of penetration (ROP) is one of the goal of drilling engineers to build this path. This dissertation focuses on study of a novel drilling technique, i.e. passive Vibration Assisted Rotary Drilling (pVARD) technique, and characterization of drilling mechanisms in comparison to the other two widely used drilling techniques, i.e. rotary drilling and rotary-percussion drilling (RPD). In terms of the fundamental differences between drill bit vibrations from three drilling techniques, seismic while drilling (SWD) and acoustic emission (AE) technologies are used to study drill bit sources and corresponding drilling mechanisms. First, geomechanics response of synthetic rock is studied using AE technique based on standard confined compressive strength (CCS) tests. This research aims to compare synthetic to natural rock in terms of deformation properties and provides support for the following drill-off test (DOT). Second, pVARD tool drillings are conducted in comparison to rotary drilling both in laboratory and field tests using AE and SWD techniques, respectively. In laboratory, AE signal energy and cutting size distribution are correlated to polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) bit drilling performance. Results show that micro crack is generated from drag bit shearing action and the higher AE energy, coarser cuttings and higher ROP are obtained. In field test, surface wave energy and frequency bandwidth are correlated to drill bit vibration and drilling performance. Third, laboratory active vibration DOTs are conducted to study the penetration mechanisms from a diamond coring bit using AE technique. Spectral and energy analysis of the AE signals indicate that the higher ROP and larger cutting size are correlated with a higher AE energy and a lower AE frequency, indicating larger fractures are being created to generate the larger size of cuttings. Fourth, rotary-percussion drilling sources are studied by two field experiments on weak shales and hard arkose using SWD technique. Characterization of these sources consist of spectral analysis and mean power study, along with field measurements of the source radiation patterns. In addition, polarization analysis is conducted on P-waves recorded at surface geophones for understanding the particle motions.

Author : F.B Poletto
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 547 pages
File Size : 32,36 MB
Release : 2004-06-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080474349

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The purpose of this book is to give a theoretical and practical introduction to seismic-while-drilling by using the drill-bit noise. This recent technology offers important products for geophysical control of drilling. It involves aspects typical of borehole seismics and of the drilling control surveying, hitherto the sole domain of mudlogging. For aspects related to the drill-bit source performance and borehole acoustics, the book attempts to provide a connection between experts working in geophysics and in drilling. There are different ways of thinking related to basic knowledge, operational procedures and precision in the observation of the physical quantities. The goal of the book is to help "build a bridge" between geophysicists involved in seismic while drilling - who may need to familiarize themselves with methods and procedures of drilling and drilling-rock mechanics - and drillers involved in geosteering and drilling of "smart wells" - who may have to familiarize themselves with seismic signals, wave resolution and radiation. For instance, an argument of common interest for drilling and seismic while drilling studies is the monitoring of the drill-string and bit vibrations. This volume contains a large number of real examples of SWD data analysis and applications.

Author : A S Daiyan Ahmed
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 35,79 MB
Release : 2020
Category :
ISBN :

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Mining by drilling technique, a revolutionary breakthrough which has already created a wind of change in the industry of ore excavation. Mineral production form the narrow veins is a matter of great challenge and mining by drilling technique is providing the unique solution for this type of excavation. Large diameter hole drilling is performed for accomplishment of excavation from narrow vein ore bodies. Conventional rotary drill rigs are used to drill a small pilot hole through the center of the vein and then the large diameter hole is drilled on the same hole where pilot bit works as a guide or stabilizer for large diameter bit. Pilot hole are drilled to understand the geology, geometry of the formation and the large diameter hole drilling works as the main production process of the ore. Lab based Drill-Off Tests were conducted to evaluate the pilot hole drilling and hole widening drilling process. Drill cuttings were used as the main source of information and shape, size, volume of the particles were examined carefully for proper assessment of the drilling process. Performance of these two types of drilling process were estimated based on Rate of Penetration (ROP), Revolution Per Minute (RPM), Mechanical Specific Energy (MSE) and Drilling Efficiency (DE). Relationship between drill cuttings particle size parameters and drilling parameters were investigated for proper appraisal of hole widening drilling process. A detailed study was performed to assist field scale hole widening drilling operations that involves intensive analysis of cuttings, drilling parameters, and drilling performance.

Author : Md. Shaheen Shah
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 15,87 MB
Release : 2020
Category :
ISBN :

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Drilling performance is an essential goal in the petroleum and mining industry. Drilling Rate of Penetration (ROP) is influenced by the operating parameter: torque, Weight on Bit (WOB), fluid flow rate, Revolution per Minute (rpm), rock related parameters (rock type, rock homogeneousness, rock anisotropy orientation), and mechanical parameters (bit type, configuration of the Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA)). The Drilling Technology Laboratory (DTL) at Memorial University of Newfoundland has incorporated the passive Vibration Assisted Rotational Drilling Technology (pVARD) as a drilling tool. This tool includes three parts within a compliant part, a part that dampens and a torque transmitting unit that is inside the BHA of the drill string. This tool utilizes the natural vibrations of the drilling process to increase drilling efficiency and rate of penetration. In this thesis, laboratory and field drilling tests have been conducted by first and second generation pVARD tools respectively which could play a positive role in improving drilling penetration rate through modified bit-rock compliance from conventional drilling. This research aims to develop a fundamental guideline for rock strength measurement and to interlink mechanical tests for the purpose of evaluating drilling performance. The compressive rock strength has an inverse relationship with drilling efficiency. The average Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) and Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS) of the granite were obtained to be 168.4 MPa and 16.3 MPa respectively by the mechanical loading frame in the laboratory parameters following American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standard. The pVARD operational details are important for optimal configuration and best drilling results. The study focused on designing pVARD to be consistent with a Large Drilling Simulator (LDS) selecting optimal Belleville springs. Compression tests and numerical studies have been carried out using a mechanical frame and simulation analysis respectively, for different Belleville Spring stacking scenarios. Mechanical and simulation studies with details of pre-planned drilling experiments can provide important guidelines for optimizing pVARD basics. The hysteresis effect analysis of LDS-pVARD springs also provided a coherent idea of energy dissipation during the cycle test. Depending on the rock type and drilling parameters can provide pre-settings and configurations of pVARD for optimal drilling performance. Finally, this dissertation focuses on the effects of vibration on the performance of a diamond coring bit when drilling on hard rock with a first-generation small lab scale vibration tool pVARD. Thereafter, Drill off Tests (DOTs) have been performed using a Small Drilling Simulator (SDS) with axial vibrations on the drill string in laboratory conditions. The vibration properties have been adjusted to various settings of spring compliance and dampening (rubber) material. The results of the evaluation of the experimental data show that the ROP increased by a maximum of 28% keeping WOB within the operational limits. The results and knowledge obtained from this study will help to design third generation pVARD tools.

Author : X.M. Tang
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 29,67 MB
Release : 2004-01-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780080440514

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Acoustic logging is a multidisciplinary technology involving basic theory, instrumentation, and data processing/interpretation methodologies. The advancement of the technology now allows for a broad range of measurements to obtain formation properties such as elastic wave velocity and attenuation, formation permeability, and seismic anisotropy that are important for petroleum reservoir exploration. With these advances, it is easier to detect and characterize formation fractures, estimate formation stress field, and locate/estimate petroleum reserves. The technology has evolved from the monopole acoustic logging into the multipole, including dipole, cross-dipole, and even quadrupole, acoustic logging measurements. The measurement process has developed from the conventional wireline logging into the logging-while-drilling stage. For such a fast developing technology with applications that are interesting to readers of different backgrounds, it is necessary to have systematic documentation of the discipline, including the theory, methods, and applications, as well as the technology's past, present, and near future development trends. Quantitative Borehole Acoustic Methods provides such documentation, with emphasis on the development over the past decade. Although considerable effort has been made to provide a thorough basis for the theory and methodology development, emphasis is placed on the applications of the developed methods. The applications are illustrated with field data examples. Many of the acoustic waveform analysis/processing methods described in the book are now widely used in the well logging industry.

Author : F.B. Poletto
Publisher : Pergamon
Page : 546 pages
File Size : 19,20 MB
Release : 2004-07-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080439280

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The purpose of this book is to give a theoretical and practical introduction to seismic-while-drilling by using the drill-bit noise. This recent technology offers important products for geophysical control of drilling. It involves aspects typical of borehole seismics and of the drilling control surveying, hitherto the sole domain of mudlogging. For aspects related to the drill-bit source performance and borehole acoustics, the book attempts to provide a connection between experts working in geophysics and in drilling. There are different ways of thinking related to basic knowledge, operational procedures and precision in the observation of the physical quantities. The goal of the book is to help "build a bridge" between geophysicists involved in seismic while drilling - who may need to familiarize themselves with methods and procedures of drilling and drilling-rock mechanics - and drillers involved in geosteering and drilling of "smart wells" - who may have to familiarize themselves with seismic signals, wave resolution and radiation. For instance, an argument of common interest for drilling and seismic while drilling studies is the monitoring of the drill-string and bit vibrations. This volume contains a large number of real examples of SWD data analysis and applications.

Author : Murat Karakus
Publisher :
Page : 17 pages
File Size : 17,21 MB
Release : 2014
Category : Acoustic emission testing
ISBN :

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One of the main problems encountered in impregnated diamond core drilling operations for deep mineral explorations is to remotely infer bit wear state and to drill with optimal performance at great depth. Currently the optimal drilling performance relies heavily on operator experience. This paper aims to assess the feasibility of acoustic emission (AE) monitoring of the impregnated diamond drilling process and to establish relations between AE signals and diamond drill bit wear to improve overall drilling performance. AE relations with various drilling parameters have also been investigated to understand signal characteristics in relation to operational parameters. Echidna drill apparatus that simulates field exploration diamond drilling on a small scale is used to monitor AE during rock bit interaction. AE sensors were attached to both the drill and the rock in question to record acoustic signals being emitted whilst drilling. Two different tests viz. 'step tests' and 'wear tests' were carried out. Step tests on the Echidna drill include stepping down the depth of cut from 130μm to 0μm, while cutting speed is constant. Secondly, wear tests performed on the Echidna drill, involves accelerating the wear rate of the drill bit via two different types of tests, both in highly abrasive rock. Based on the step test results, a series of linear relations were developed. These relations are capable of estimating the depth of cut, weight on the bit (WOB) and torque on the bit (TOB) by simply using time spectrum of the AE signals. Wear tests also showed that AE amplitudes start to trend down over the time of accelerated wear.

Author : Xuyue Chen
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 45,4 MB
Release : 2018
Category : Technology
ISBN :

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Mechanical specific energy (MSE) has been widely used to quantify drilling efficiency and maximize rate of penetration (ROP) in oil and gas wells drilling. In this chapter, MSE models respectively for directional or horizontal drilling and rotating drilling with positive displacement motor (PDM) are established based on the evaluation of virtues and defects of available MSE models. Meanwhile methods for drilling performance prediction and optimization based on MSE technologies are presented. Field data presented in this chapter indicates that the developed MSE models estimate MSE values with a reasonable approximation in the absence of reliable torque measurements, the method for optimizing drilling parameters can estimate optimum WOB values with different RPM to drill a specific formation interval with PDM. It also show that the optimum WOB is low for rotating drilling with PDM compared with the conventional drilling without PDM, increasing WOB does not always increase ROP but is more likely to decrease ROP. The drilling performance prediction and optimization methods based on MSE technologies could be effectively used to maximize ROP and allow operators to drill longer and avoid unnecessary trips, and is worthy to be applied and promoted with highly diagnostic accuracy, effective optimizing and simple operation.