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The central problem to which this book, first published in 1984, is addressed is the transformation of agrarian structure as it historically evolved in India. The term ‘structure’, however, has multiple meanings. The sense in which the term is used refers to the system of production, including the pattern of its composition in terms of micro-units of production, and the social and economic relations by which they are integrated. This concrete analysis and examination of the evidence of Indian agriculture is undertaken from this perspective, and contributes to the theory of agrarian change as well as an interpretation of the development of Indian agriculture.
Reforms and Economic Transformation in India is the second volume in the series Studies in Indian Economic Policies. In this book, nine original essays pursue three interrelated themes: Why the movement of workers out of agriculture, into industry and services, and from informal to formal employments has been slow, explaining the impact the reforms have had on profitability and competition among enterprises,and analyzing the impact on the socially disadvantaged in terms of wage and education outcomes and entrepreneurship.
The papers in this volume, though covering a wide range of fields, from economic theory to economic history, the problems of socialist economies and the dynamics of Indian agriculture, have nonetheless a basic unity. This arises not only from the Marxist perspective underlying them but also from an attempt to engage with the present as history . This present , above all, is marked by the phenomenon of imperialism whose conceptual presence permeates many of the essays. Its role in the development of capitalism in the advanced countries, its need and attempt to recolonize the third world, the contradictions arising from the unresolved agrarian question in third-world societies, and the minimum conditions for their completing the long transition to emancipation: such are the issues which concern the author. The concepts of class and the mode of production are developed and used for exploring these issues. Utsa Patnaik is Professor of Economics at the Centre for Economic Studies and Planning, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India. She has written extensively on political economy, capitalism and the agrarian question. Her publications include The Agrarian Question and the Development of Capitalism in India (1986), Peasant Class Differentiation (1987), Agrarian Relations and Accumulation (editor, 1990), and Chains of Servitude: Bondage and Slavery in India (joint editor, 1985).To [readers], the work will be valuable from the historical, analytical and academic perspectives. The book encapsulates almost all the major issues focused upon by Marxist political economists with regard to the Indian economy. The Telegraph
This volume examines the transitions in Indian agriculture since the 1980s, and emphasizes upon the role of neoliberal policies and their impact. The essays presented here deal with a range of pertinent and contemporary issues, including global food security, livelihoods of agricultural labourers, and public and private investment. These weave together glimpses of the impasse faced by petty commodity producers (marginal and small farmers) and their subsequent economic distress and social exclusion. Comprehensive in analysis, this book will be useful to scholars and researchers of agricultural economics, political economy, political science and public policy.
Reforms and Economic Transformation in India is the second volume in the series Studies in Indian Economic Policies. The first volume, India's Reforms: How They Produced Inclusive Growth (OUP, 2012), systematically demonstrated that reforms-led growth in India led to reduced poverty among all social groups. They also led to shifts in attitudes whereby citizens overwhelmingly acknowledge the benefits that accelerated growth has brought them and as voters, they now reward the governments that deliver superior economic outcomes and punish those that fail to do so. This latest volume takes as its starting point the fact that while reforms have undoubtedly delivered in terms of poverty reduction and associated social objectives, the impact has not been as substantial as seen in other reform-oriented economies such as South Korea and Taiwan in the 1960s and 1970s, and more recently, in China. The overarching hypothesis of the volume is that the smaller reduction in poverty has been the result of slower transformation of the economy from a primarily agrarian to a modern, industrial one. Even as the GDP share of agriculture has seen rapid decline, its employment share has declined very gradually. More than half of the workforce in India still remains in agriculture. In addition, non-farm workers are overwhelmingly in the informal sector. Against this background, the nine original essays by eminent economists pursue three broad themes using firm level data in both industry and services. The papers in part I ask why the transformation in India has been slow in terms of the movement of workers out of agriculture, into industry and services, and from informal to formal employment. They address what India needs to do to speed up this transformation. They specifically show that severe labor-market distortions and policy bias against large firms has been a key factor behind the slow transformation. The papers in part II analyze the transformation that reforms have brought about within and across enterprises. For example, they investigate the impact of privatization on enterprise profitability. Part III addresses the manner in which the reforms have helped promote social transformation. Here the papers analyze the impact the reforms have had on the fortunes of the socially disadvantaged groups in terms of wage and education outcomes and as entrepreneurs.
Author : Peter G. Robb Publisher : School of Oriental & African Studies University of London Page : 408 pages File Size : 38,44 MB Release : 1996 Category : Business & Economics ISBN :
In this volume leading historians and economists from India and the West consider some persistent features and variable forces which explain changes through their impact on different levels of decision-making in agriculture. New light is cast on both the pre-colonial periods, and on currentdevelopment policies and problems.
This book evaluates the relevance of classical debates on agrarian transition and extends the horizon of contemporary debates in the Indian context, linking national trends with regional experiences. It identifies new dynamics in agrarian political economy and presents a comprehensive account of diverse aspects of capitalist transition both at theoretical and empirical levels. The essays discuss several neglected domains in agricultural economics such as discursive dimensions of agrarian relations and limitations of stereotypical binaries between capital and non-capital, rural and urban sectors, agriculture and industry, and accumulation and subsistence. With contributions from major scholars in the field, this volume will be useful to scholars and researchers of agriculture, economics, political economy, sociology, rural development and development studies.