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Electronic signatures are ubiquitous. Anyone sending an e-mail or using a credit card uses one. They can have a bearing on all areas of law, and no lawyer is immune from having to advise clients about their legal consequences. This third edition provides an exhaustive discussion of what constitutes an electronic signature, the forms an electronic signature can take and the issues relating to evidence, formation of contract and negligence in respect of electronic signatures. Case law from a wide range of common law and civil law jurisdictions is analysed to illustrate how judges have dealt with changes in technology in the past and how the law has adapted in response.
This publication analyses the main legal issues arising out of the use of electronic signatures and authentication methods in international transactions. It provides an overview of methods used for electronic signature and authentication and their legal treatment in various jurisdictions. The study considers the use of these methods in international transactions and identifies the main legal issues related to cross-border recognition of such methods, with a special attention to international use of digital signatures under a Public Key Infrastructure.
The Digital Evidence and Electronic Signature Law Review brings articles, legal developments and case reports to academics, practitioners and the industry in relation to digital evidence and electronic signatures from across the world. The review also seeks to include reports on technical advances and book reviews.
In the past six years, more than 55 countries have begun adopting UNCITRAL's (United National Commission on International Trade Law) Model Laws of 1999 and 2001 regarding the use and validity of e-signatures. Dozens of pieces of legislation and legislative proposals now exist around the world on the subject of e-signatures. While the model laws may look the same on paper, in practice they can vary widely. Finally, you can be certain that your clients are in compliance when using digital signatures. The Center for International Legal Studies, in cooperation with UNCITRAL, has gathered experts in over 25 jurisdictions to analyze the impact of these standards in their respective domestic e-commerce regimes. These experts show how the Model Laws are actually implemented today in each of these countries. Now you can have on-the-ground feedback about how UNCITRAL's Uniform Rules on Electronic Signatures, the Model Law on Electronic Commerce 1996, and the Model Law on Electronic Signatures 2001 are being implemented. A must have reference for: - Any lawyer working on a business transaction or contract using the Internet to exchange forms - Government Lawyers - Intellectual Property Lawyers Topics covered include: - Application and enforceability of electronic transactions - Defining key terms, including 'writing, ' 'signature, ' and 'original' documents - Legal recognition of data messages - Formation of contracts - Attribution of data messages - Retention of data messages - Trustworthiness of e-signature - Electronic Commerce Analyzes the global impact of: - UNCITRAL's Uniform Rules on Electronic Signatures - Model Law on Electronic Commerce 1996 - Model Law on Electronic Signatures 2001
Compares the legislative frameworks in the EU, US, China and International Organisations applicable to e-commerce and highlights the main legal obstacles to the development of electronic contracts and signatures, as well as Internet jurisdiction and online dispute resolutions.
United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
Author : United Nations Commission on International Trade Law Publisher : United Nations Publications Page : 72 pages File Size : 29,89 MB Release : 2002 Category : Digital signatures ISBN : 9789211336535
Electronic Commerce in international trade, is fast becoming a means of business communication. Guidelines and laws of operation are becoming a great necessity to ensure security and uniformity. This publication presents the Model Laws with the hope that countries will consider it when enacting or revising their laws on electronic commerce.
Electronic signatures are ubiquitous. Anyone sending an e-mail or using a credit card uses one. They can have a bearing on all areas of law, and no lawyer is immune from having to advise clients about their legal consequences. This third edition provides an exhaustive discussion of what constitutes an electronic signature, the forms an electronic signature can take and the issues relating to evidence, formation of contract and negligence in respect of electronic signatures. Case law from a wide range of common law and civil law jurisdictions is analysed to illustrate how judges have dealt with changes in technology in the past and how the law has adapted in response.
With these issues the subject of legal usability is not completely covered. Enforcement is perhaps the most obvious issue that is not dealt with. There fore I will indicate for what reason enforcement has been omitted as a sepa rate issue. This has the following background. A signature may alleviate eviden tiary burdens that may arise when enforcing a contract, but enforcing a contract involves much more than evidence of the existence and contents of a contract. E-commerce has opened the possibility to engage in cross border business with a low value per transaction. Even if one has the authenticated identity of one's contracting party, it may still be too com plicated or expensive to commence legal proceedings against a party. A signature does not in itself result in compliance with contracts and legal rules. A digital signature may, however, be an important part of a more encompassing enforcement concept. The security dimension of signatures only makes sense if one is really willing to embark upon enforcement (in stead of accepting the loss). Enforcement in the Internet environment is not something that can be done on an ad hoc basis. The territorial division of the law hampers enforcement in the borderless Internet envi ronment: each country has its own system for determining and adminis tering law. Furthermore, traditional courts are not as yet tailored to the enforcement needs that originate from the Internet.