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Nanocomposite materials are multiphase materials where the interactions between the different components are enhanced by their intimate contact. Indeed, this emerging class of innovative materials guarantees excellent macroscopic properties by taking advantage of the peculiar characteristics that nanometer-sized fillers give to a suitable matrix compared to those obtainable with the same fillers at micrometric dimensions. These innovative materials improve and extend the range of desirable properties. Diverse Applications of Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposites: Emerging Research and Opportunities s a pivotal reference source that provides vital research on the application of organic-inorganic nanocomposite materials within various professional disciplines and in different human activities. While highlighting topics such as photocatalysis, atomistic modeling, and membrane separation, this publication explores the strengths and weaknesses of nanocomposites as well as future concepts and devices. This book is ideally designed for chemists, biologists, engineers, researchers, government professionals, academicians, and postgraduate students.
Nanocomposite materials are multiphase materials where the interactions between the different components are enhanced by their intimate contact. Indeed, this emerging class of innovative materials guarantees excellent macroscopic properties by taking advantage of the peculiar characteristics that nanometer-sized fillers give to a suitable matrix compared to those obtainable with the same fillers at micrometric dimensions. These innovative materials improve and extend the range of desirable properties. Diverse Applications of Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposites: Emerging Research and Opportunities s a pivotal reference source that provides vital research on the application of organic-inorganic nanocomposite materials within various professional disciplines and in different human activities. While highlighting topics such as photocatalysis, atomistic modeling, and membrane separation, this publication explores the strengths and weaknesses of nanocomposites as well as future concepts and devices. This book is ideally designed for chemists, biologists, engineers, researchers, government professionals, academicians, and postgraduate students.
Nanocomposites are attractive to researchers both from practical and theoretical point of view because of combination of special properties. Many efforts have been made in the last two decades using novel nanotechnology and nanoscience knowledge in order to get nanomaterials with determined functionality. This book focuses on polymer nanocomposites and their possible divergent applications. There has been enormous interest in the commercialization of nanocomposites for a variety of applications, and a number of these applications can already be found in industry. This book comprehensively deals with the divergent applications of nanocomposites comprising of 22 chapters.
This book covers all aspects of the different classes of nanomaterials – from synthesis to application. It investigates in detail the use and feasibility of developing nanocomposites with these nanomaterials as reinforcements. The book encompasses synthesis and properties of cellulose nanofibers, bacterial nanocellulose, carbon nanotubes / nanofibers, graphene, nanodiamonds, nanoclays, inorganic nanomaterials and their nanocomposites for high-end applications such as electronic devices, energy storage, structural and packaging. The book also provides insight into various modification techniques for improving the functionality of nanomaterials apart from their compatibility with the base matrix.
As a paradigm for the future, micro-scale technology seeks to fuse revolutionary concepts in science and engineering and then translate it into reality. Nanotechnology is an interdisciplinary field that aims to connect what is seen with the naked eye and what is unseen on the molecular level. The Handbook of Research on Diverse Applications of Nanotechnology in Biomedicine, Chemistry, and Engineering examines the strengths and future potential of micro-scale technologies in a variety of industries. Highlighting the benefits, shortcomings, and emerging perspectives in the application of nano-scale technologies, this book is a comprehensive reference source for synthetic chemists, engineers, graduate students, and researchers with an interest in the multidisciplinary applications, as well as the ongoing research in the field.
This book explores the limitless ability to design new materials by layering clay materials within organic compounds. Assembly, properties, characterization, and current and potential applications are offered to inspire the development of novel materials. Coincides with the government's Materials Genome Initiative, to inspire the development of green, sustainable, robust materials that lead to efficient use of limited resources Contains a thorough introductory and chemical foundation before delving into techniques, characterization, and properties of these materials Applications in biocatalysis, drug delivery, and energy storage and recovery are discussed Presents a case for an often overlooked hybrid material: organic-clay materials
This dissertation, "Organic-inorganic Nanocomposites for Organic Optoelectronic Devices" by Ching-ching, Oey, 黃晶晶, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled Organic - Inorganic Nanocomposites For Organic Optoelectronic Devices Submitted by Oey Ching Ching for the degree of Master of Philosophy at The University of Hong Kong in August 2005 Interest has been growing in the past few years in incorporating inorganic nanostructures into organic optoelectronic devices. These hybrid organic - inorganic nanocomposite systems are being studied more closely because it is possible to combine the desirable characteristics of organic and inorganic components within a single composite and their properties can be easily changed by varying the material composition, shape of the nanostructures, and concentration and size of the nanoparticles in the composites to match the device requirement. More importantly, they can retain the fabrication advantages of organic devices, i.e., easy processing, low production and material cost, and manufacture of devices on large and flexible substrates, which are very important factors for application and commercialization purposes. Therefore, developing improved performance in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) and organic solar cells by incorporating inorganic nanostructures in the organic materials has become an important topic of research. For OLEDs, modification of the commonly used indium tin oxide (ITO) anode is an active research area because bare ITO has a number of shortcomings. Different buffer layers on top of ITO have been reported to be useful in enhancing the device performance. In this work, blends of poly(3,4, -ethylene dioxythiophene): polystyrene sulfonic acid (PEDOT: PSS) polymer and different inorganic nanostructures: Ni nanoparticles, Cu nanoparticles, NiO nanoparticles and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were investigated as the hole injection layers respectively for OLEDs based on a tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq )/ 3N, N-di(naphthalene-1-yl)-N, N-diphenyl-benzidine (NPB) system. These novel nanocomposite OLEDs with different concentrations of inorganic nanostructures were fabricated and characterized by electroluminescence and current-voltage measurements. Experimental results showed that the addition of Ni nanoparticles and SWCNTs (with appropriate surfactants used in dispersing SWCNTs) resulted in improved OLED performance for optimized nanoparticle concentration compared to the devices with pure PEDOT: PSS. The PEDOT: PSS: Ni and PEDOT: PSS: SWCNTs layers were characterized by atomic force microscopy, absorption measurements and spectroscopic ellipsometry. The reasons for the improved OLED performance are also discussed. For organic solar cells, with the control of the nanostructure morphology, metal oxides are believed to act as promising alternatives as the electron acceptor and transporter in bulk-heterojunction device structure. In this work, bulk-heterojunction solar cells based on poly (2-methoxy-5-(2''-ethyl-hexyloxy)-p-phenylene vinylene) (MEH-PPV) and a highly porous TiO layer consisting of a 3D interconnected network of anatase crystallites were fabricated and characterized by white light efficiency and external quantum efficiency measurements. The influence of different treatments on ITO/porous TiO substrates and the use of different solvents for 2 spin-coating MEH-PPV, MEH-PPV layer thickness and device architecture on the solar cell device performance were studied. It was found that the optimized device structure is ITO/TiO (compact, 20 nm)/Ti
Polymer composites are materials in which the matrix polymer isreinforced with organic/inorganic fillers of a definite size andshape, leading to enhanced performance of the resultant composite.These materials find a wide number of applications in such diversefields as geotextiles, building, electronics, medical, packaging,and automobiles. This first systematic reference on the topic emphasizes thecharacteristics and dimension of this reinforcement. The authors are leading researchers in the field from academia,government, industry, as well as private research institutionsacross the globe, and adopt a practical approach here, coveringsuch aspects as the preparation, characterization, properties andtheory of polymer composites. The book begins by discussing the state of the art, new challenges,and opportunities of various polymer composite systems. Interfacialcharacterization of the composites is discussed in detail, as isthe macro- and micromechanics of the composites. Structure-propertyrelationships in various composite systems are explained with thehelp of theoretical models, while processing techniques for variousmacro- to nanocomposite systems and the influence of processingparameters on the properties of the composite are reviewed indetail. The characterization of microstructure, elastic,viscoelastic, static and dynamic mechanical, thermal, tribological,rheological, optical, electrical and barrier properties arehighlighted, as well as their myriad applications. Divided into three volumes: Vol. 1. Macro- and Microcomposites;Vol. 2. Nanocomposites; and Vol. 3. Biocomposites.
This book provides comprehensive coverage of nanocomposite materials obtained by the sol-gel method, from synthesis to applications and including design tools for combining different properties. Sol-gel nanocomposites are of great interest in meeting processing and application requirements for the development of multifunctional materials. These materials are already commercialized for a number of applications from scratch-resistant and anti-adhesive coatings to optical materials with active and passive properties. Biomedical applications, holographic recordings, fuel cells and hydrogen storage, resists and catalysts are among the potential uses. The novel mechanical, optical and electronic properties of nanocomposite materials depend not only on the individual component materials, but also on their morphology and nanoscale interfacial characteristics. Sol-gel is a highly versatile method for obtaining both the matrix and the filler of the nanocomposite and for chemically adjusting the interface to optimize structure and properties. Although nanocomposites are widely discussed in the literature, the focus has been mainly on polymer nanocomposites. This book addresses nanocomposites based on inorganic or hybrid organic-inorganic matrices, with an emphasis on the scientific principles which are the basis for nanocomposite sol-gel synthesis and applications. A didactic approach is followed, with different topics developed from a fundamental point of view together with key examples and case studies. First comprehensive treatment of nanocomposites obtained by sol-gel methods Focuses on nanocomposites with inorganic and hybrid organic-inorganic matrices Describes design tools to optimize structure and properties for various applications Covers synthesis, processing, characterization, and modeling Uses first principles to describe the influence of interfacial characteristics on materials properties Presents case studies for both films and bulk applications Provides examples of products on the market, with descriptions of the scientific principles at the base of their success Includes contributions from recognized leaders in this multidisciplinary area.