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This volume provides new material on the different developments of opposition groups and dissidence in various Communist countries in Eastern and Central Europe. It significantly contributes to and further develops sociological and historical insights into the development of protest and dissent within this region.
This book provides a comparative analysis of oppositionist trends in the Soviet satellite states of contemporary Eastern Europe. It evaluates the extent and objectives of independent social activism in these countries, and explores both the causes and effects of public dissent.
As well as promoting debates about liberal democracy, the dramatic events of 1989 also bought forth a powerful revival in the interest of the notion of civil society. This revival was reflected mainly in two broad tracts of literature. The first was primarily focused on the events surrounding the Solidarity movement in Poland and the tumultuous events of 1980-81. The second was concerned with the ‘Velvet Revolutions’ more broadly. Following the events of 1989, there appeared a number of works sharing the common central argument that civil society played a key role in the overthrow of these Communist regimes in 1989
This volume examines to what extent the positive atmosphere created by the Helsinki Accords contributed to the change in political circumstances seen in the countries of Central Europe, under Soviet domination. It focuses in particular on - firstly - a consequent new impetus to bolster human rights in international politics, as Western democracies - especially the US - integrated human rights concerns into its foreign policy relations with Soviet Bloc countries and - secondly – how this Western embrace of human rights seemed to create new incentives for increased dissident activity in Central and Eastern Europe and from 1976 onward. Finally, the book reminds us of the significant role of the Helsinki Accords in developing democratic practices in Eastern European societies under Soviet domination in 1975-1989 and in creating the conditions for the peaceful transition to democratic government in the years that followed. This book will be of key interest to scholars and students of the history of communism, post-Soviet, Russian, and central and East European politics, the history of human rights, and democratization.
The materials in this collection focus primarily on the period from 1956 to 1989 and help illuminate several key moments in Polish opposition history. The collection is divided into three major parts. The first part contains diaries of the martial law period (1981 to 1983). Most of these were written by Solidarity activists, but there are also accounts from other imprisoned activists and from participants in the largescale strike movement and other protest actions. This sub-division also contains diaries penned by representatives of the "other side," namely, soldiers and police officers who took part in the events. The second part is titled "the period of the Polish People's Republic," and contains diaries and memoirs covering the period from 1944 (the Soviet liberation of Poland) to 1989 (the end of Communist rule in Poland). The third part, titled "Private Initiative" and covering the period from 1945 to 1989, gathers together documentary evidence of those engaged in the semi-legal and illegal private sectors of the political economy. Usually referred to in official sources as "speculators" (or by other pejorative colloquial terms), these people significantly influenced the social life of the country through their struggle for economic independence. The materials are particularly valuable in examining the political and social history of the Communist era in Poland before the imposition of martial law--everyday life as well as the rise of anti-Communist protest through both underground activity and open movements such as Solidarity. The Polish opposition that culminated in Solidarity was the strongest and most effective in Eastern Europe; its history is therefore crucial to understanding the eventual retreat from Communism and the emergence of an autonomous civil society in the region.
Author : Apor, Balázs Publisher : Institute of History, Research Centre for the Humanities, Hungarian Academy of Sciences Page : 636 pages File Size : 11,3 MB Release : 2018-11-27 Category : History ISBN : 9634161421
The COURAGE Handbook ushers its reader into the world of the compellingly rich heritage of cultural opposition in Eastern Europe. It is intended primarily to further a subtle understanding of the complex and multifaceted nature of cultural opposition and its legacy from the perspective of the various collections held in public institutions or by private individuals across the region. Through its focus on material heritage, the handbook provides new perspectives on the history of dissent and cultural non-conformism in the former socialist countries of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. The volume is comprised of contributions by over 60 authors from a range of different academic and national backgrounds who share their insights into the topic. It offers focused discussions from comparative and transnational perspectives of the key themes and prevailing forms of opposition in the region, including non-conformist art, youth sub-cultures, intellectual dissent, religious groups, underground rock, avantgarde theater, exile, traditionalism, ethnic revivalism, censorship, and surveillance. The handbook provides its reader with a concise synthesis of the existing scholarship and suggests new avenues for further research.