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Author : Iman Noshadi
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 15,69 MB
Release : 2015
Category :
ISBN :
Author : Rafael Luque
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 20,38 MB
Release : 2013-10-28
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1466553391
Scarcity of resources and increasing population and energy demands are important issues of the twenty-first century. A multidisciplinary approach is needed to produce suitable alternatives—such as renewable resources—for a more sustainable future. One of the most promising and widely available renewable feedstocks is biomass, which has significant potential for conversion to materials, fuels, and chemicals. In addition, nanomaterials can be designed for a range of applications including energy storage, fuel production, and nanocatalysis. Designing nanomaterials for the valorization of biomass and waste feedstocks is a major step in advancing the application of nanomaterials and helping to move us toward the goal of a sustainable economy. Producing Fuels and Fine Chemicals from Biomass Using Nanomaterials offers a wide-ranging approach to the development of innovative nanomaterials for biomass conversion and the production of energy and high-added-value chemicals, including biochemicals, biomaterials, and biofuels. The book is organized into three parts according to nanomaterial applications: Nanomaterials for Energy Storage and Conversion, Biofuels from Biomass Valorization Using Nanomaterials, and Production of High-Added-Value Chemicals from Biomass Using Nanomaterials. Providing a multidisciplinary perspective, this book covers the most important aspects of topics such as solar energy storage, design of carbonaceous nanomaterials as heterogeneous catalysts for producing biofuels, catalytic reforming of biogas into syngas using a range of nanoparticles, and biofuels production from waste oils and fats. It also describes the design and development of biocatalytic, solid acid, photocatalytic, and nanostructured materials for the conversion of various biomass feedstocks to valuable chemicals as intermediates to end products, such as biopolymers, bioplastics, biofuels, agrochemicals, and pharmaceutical products.
Author : Hong Je Cho
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 32,92 MB
Release : 2017
Category :
ISBN :
Growing environmental concerns associated with diminishing reserves of fossil fuels has led to accelerated research efforts towards the discovery of new catalytic processes for converting renewable lignocellulosic biomass into value-added chemicals. For this conversion, nanoporous solid acid materials have been widely used because of their excellent hydrothermal stability and molecular sieving capability. In the thesis, hierarchical Lewis acid zeolites with ordered mesoporosity and MFI topology (three dimensionally ordered mesoporous imprinted (3DOm-i) Sn-MFI) were successfully synthesized within the confined space of three dimensionally ordered mesoporous (3DOm) carbon by a seeded growth method. The obtained 3DOm-i Sn-MFI showed at least 3 times higher catalytic activities for the biomass-derived sugar isomerization than conventional Sn-MFI zeolites. This is because the mesopores in the hierarchical zeolites greatly enhance molecular transport. In addition, Lewis acid Sn-MFI combined with Pt metal nanoparticles (Pt/Sn-MFI) could oxidize glycerol to produce lactic acid (LA) under base-free conditions. Glycerol is a by-product in biodiesel synthesis. 80.5% selectivity of LA was achieved at 89.8% conversion of glycerol using a bifunctional Pt/Sn-MFI catalyst under base-free conditions. In the tandem reaction pathway, selective oxidation of glycerol to glyceraldehyde (GLA) and dihydroxyacetone (DHA) by using Pt catalysts was cascaded with Lewis acid catalyzed isomerization of GLA/DHA into LA. Moreover, morphology-tunable Lewis acid Sn-BEA with hydrophobicity was successfully synthesized by recrystallization of post-synthesized Sn-BEA (Sn-BEA-PS) using ammonium fluoride (NH4F) and tetraethylammonium bromide (TEABr). This recrystallization includes simultaneous procedures of dissolution-reassembly: i) the dissolution of Si-O bonds around silanol nests by fluoride ions, and ii) the reassembly of fragmented silica species into defect-free zeolite framework in the presence of TEA ions. The recrystallization also increased open Lewis acid Sn sites. These findings can explain why a 2.5 times higher rate of aqueous glucose isomerization was achieved on recrystallized Sn-BEA (Sn-BEA-RC), compared with Sn-BEA-PS. Moreover, in the isomerization of bulky lactose (C12 sugar) dissolved in MeOH, hierarchical Sn-BEA-RC showed a 3.2-fold higher activity than hydrothermally synthesized Sn-BEA (Sn-BEA-HF), due to the mesopores and enhanced organophobic character of the recrystallized catalyst. In the final part, renewable p-xylene synthesis was investigated. p-Xylene is a major commodity chemical used for the production of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with applications in polyester fibers, films and bottles. Diels-Alder cycloaddition of 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF) and ethylene with subsequent dehydration of the cycloadduct intermediate to produce p-xylene is an attractive reaction pathway for its production from biomass feedstocks. It was shown that phosphorous-containing zeolite BEA (P-BEA) is active, stable and selective for this reaction with an unprecedented p-xylene yield of 97%. It can selectively catalyze the dehydration reaction from the furan-ethylene cycloadduct to p-xylene, without performing side reactions which include alkylation and oligomerization. This acid catalyst establishes a commercially attractive process for renewable p-xylene production.
Author : Jian Liu
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 512 pages
File Size : 45,53 MB
Release : 2020-07-04
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0128184884
Nanoporous Materials for Molecule Separation and Conversion cover the topic with sections on nanoporous material synthesis and characterization, nanoporous materials for molecule separation, and nanoporous materials for energy storage and renewable energy. Typical nanoporous materials including carbon, zeolite, silica and metal-organic frameworks and their applications in molecule separation and energy related applications are covered. In addition, the fundamentals of molecule adsorption and molecule transport in nanoporous materials are also included, providing readers with a stronger understanding of the principles and topics covered. This is an important reference for anyone exploring nanoporous materials, including researchers and postgraduate students in materials science and chemical engineering. In addition, it is ideal for industry professionals working on a wide range of applications for nanoporous materials. Outlines the fundamental principles of nanoporous materials design Explores the application of nanoporous materials in important areas such as molecule separation and energy storage Gives real-life examples of how nanoporous materials are used in a variety of industry sector
Author : Qiang Xu
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 31,58 MB
Release : 2013-01-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 1439892075
In the past two decades, the field of nanoporous materials has undergone significant developments. As these materials possess high specific surface areas, well-defined pore sizes, and functional sites, they show a great diversity of applications such as molecular adsorption/storage and separation, sensing, catalysis, energy storage and conversion,
Author : Naveen Kumar
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 335 pages
File Size : 14,90 MB
Release : 2022-12-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 1000825620
This book summarizes recent and critical aspects of advanced materials for environmental protection and remediation. It explores the various development aspects related to environmental remediation, including design and development of novel and highly efficient materials, aimed at environmental sustainability. Synthesis of advanced materials with desirable physicochemical properties and applications is covered as well. Distributed across 13 chapters, the major topics covered include sensing and elimination of contaminants and hazardous materials via advanced materials along with hydrogen energy, biofuels, and CO2 capture technology. Discusses the development in design of synthesis process and materials with sustainable approach. Covers removal of biotic and abiotic wastes from the aqueous systems. Includes hydrogen energy and biofuels under green energy production. Explores removal of environmental (soil and air) contaminants with nanomaterials. Reviews advanced materials for environmental remediation in both liquid and gas phases.
Author : James J Spivey
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
Page : 494 pages
File Size : 33,35 MB
Release : 2021-06-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 1839163127
This volume looks at modern approaches to catalysis and reviews the extensive literature. Chapters highlight application of 2D materials in biomass conversion catalysis, plasmonic photocatalysis, catalytic demonstration of mesoporosity in the hierarchical zeolite and the effect of surface phase oxides on supported metals and catalysis. Looking to the future a chapter on ab initio machine learning for accelerating catalytic materials discovery is included. Appealing broadly to researchers in academia and industry, these illustrative chapters bridge the gap from academic studies in the laboratory to practical applications in industry not only for catalysis field but also for environmental protection. Other chapters with an industrial perspective include heterogeneous and homogeneous catalytic routes for vinyl acetate synthesis, catalysis for production of jet fuel from renewable sources by HDO/HDC and microwave-assisted catalysis for fuel conversion. Chemical reactions in ball mills is also explored. The book will be of great benefit to any researcher wanting a succinct reference on developments in this area now and looking to the future.
Author : Feng-Shou Xiao
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 11,10 MB
Release : 2017-09-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 1119128099
A comprehensive introduction to the design, synthesis, characterization, and catalytic properties of nanoporous catalysts for the biomass conversion With the specter of peak oil demand looming on the horizon, and mounting concerns over the environmental impact of greenhouse gas emissions, biomass has taken on a prominent role as a sustainable alternative fuel source. One critical aspect of the biomass challenge is the development of novel catalytic materials for effective and controllable biomass conversion. Edited by two scientists recognized internationally for their pioneering work in the field, this book focuses on nanoporous catalysts, the most promising class of catalytic materials for the conversion of biomass into fuel and other products. Although various catalysts have been used in the conversion of biomass-derived feedstocks, nanoporous catalysts exhibit high catalytic activities and/or unique product selectivities due to their large surface area, open nanopores, and highly dispersed active sites. This book covers an array of nanoporous catalysts currently in use for biomass conversion, including resins, metal oxides, carbons, mesoporous silicates, polydivinylbenzene, and zeolites. The authors summarize the design, synthesis, characterization and catalytic properties of these nanoporous catalysts for biomass conversions, discussing the features of these catalysts and considering future opportunities for developing more efficient catalysts. Topics covered include: Resins for biomass conversion Supported metal oxides/sulfides for biomass oxidation and hydrogenation Nanoporous metal oxides Ordered mesoporous silica-based catalysts Sulfonated carbon catalysts Porous polydivinylbenzene Aluminosilicate zeolites for bio-oil upgrading Rice straw Hydrogenation for sugar conversion Lignin depolymerization Timely, authoritative, and comprehensive, Nanoporous Catalysts for Biomass Conversion is a valuable working resource for academic researchers, industrial scientists and graduate students working in the fields of biomass conversion, catalysis, materials science, green and sustainable chemistry, and chemical/process engineering.
Author : Tariq Altalhi
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 36,32 MB
Release : 2025-02-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780443247484
Biomass Conversion through Nanomaterials: Green Sustainable Process for Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Science (GSPCEES) presents the catalytic processing of biomass to produce fuels as well as chemicals. The book employs diverse monomers including glucose/fructose as well as polymers such as starch/cellulose in various catalytic processes. It shows that nanomaterials with porous structures, with increased surface areas, and acidity strengthen the catalytic roles as well as that numerous additional nanomaterials with comparable qualities, such as those based on carbon, resins, metal oxides, zeolites, silica, organic polymers, and many others, enhance the bioconversion processes of biomass. The book also highlights the importance of nanotechnology in the emergence of successful biomass for producing high-quality bioenergy and thoroughly covers varied bioenergy applications using nanomaterials. It highlights the possibility that enabling biomass through nanomaterials improves the effectiveness of various bioenergy sources, such as biofuels, microbial fuel cells, etc. After reading the book you gained a better understanding of biomass conversion using nanomaterials, its associated technologies, and its various applications.
Author : Nicoletta Ravasio
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 42,9 MB
Release : 2019-03-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 3038975729
The use of solid catalysts for the upgrade of renewable sources gives the opportunity to combine the two main cores of green chemistry, that is, on the one hand, the set-up of sustainable processes and, on the other, the use of biomass-derived materials. Solid catalysts have taken on a leading role in traditional petrochemical processes and could represent a key tool in new biorefinery-driven technologies. This book will cover topics related to the preparation and use of heterogeneous catalytic systems for the transformation of renewable sources, as well as of materials deriving from agro-industrial wastes and by-products. At the same time, the ever-increasing importance of bioproducts, due to the acceptance and request of consumers, makes the upgrade of biomass into chemicals and materials not only an environmental issue, but also an economical advantage.