[PDF] Development And Utilization Of Genomic Resources For Genetic Improvement Of Proso Millet Panicum Miliaceum L eBook

Author : Santosh Ghashiram Rajput
Publisher :
Page : 132 pages
File Size : 40,72 MB
Release : 2015
Category :
ISBN : 9781321953183

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Proso millet (2n=4x=36), an allotetraploid self-pollinated cereal with highest water-use efficiency, is the best rotational crop in dryland production system in the semi-arid High Plains of the USA and elsewhere in the world. Breeding and genomic research in this crop is very limited. Overall goal of this dissertation is to develop proso millet genetic and genomic resources (germplasm characterization, molecular marker development, and QTL mapping) for the genetic improvement through conventional and molecular breeding. For marker development, a total of 348 SSRs were developed for proso millet using cross-species genomic resources. In genetic diversity, 90 diverse genotypes, considered as proso millet core collection, were clustered into three groups based on 1287 SSR marker alleles, amplified by the 100 SSR markers. Genotypes were clustered corresponding to their geographic origin, pedigree and morpho-agronomic traits with few exceptions. In germplasm characterization, seventy-seven of the 90 genotypes showed a wide range of variation for nine morpho-agronomic traits and formed six clusters based on the phenotypic data. Genotypes were significantly different for all the traits across locations and many traits were highly correlated. Genotypes with resistance to lodging and grain shattering, two very important traits in proso millet breeding, were identified. The fourth objective, the first genetic linkage map of proso millet was developed using 833 GBS-SNP markers in 93 RILs and the map consisted 18 major and 84 minor linkage groups. The 18 major linkage groups spanned 2137 cM of proso millet genome with an average density of 18 cM. A total of 17 QTLs (LOD = 2.55 to 3.98) for seven morpho-agronomic traits were detected, which explained 13.2 to 34.7% phenotypic variance. DNA markers flanking the QTLs were identified, which could be useful in marker-assisted selection of these traits. The results of these studies will have significant utilization in proso millet breeding, genetics, and genomics research.

Author : Jagannath V. Patil
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 334 pages
File Size : 19,18 MB
Release : 2017-03-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1119123054

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Millets and sorghum are extremely important crops in many developing nations and because of the ability of many of them to thrive in low-moisture situations they represent some exciting opportunities for further development to address the continuing and increasing impact of global temperature increase on the sustainability of the world’s food crops. The main focus of this thorough new book is the potential for crop improvement through new and traditional methods, with the book’s main chapters covering the following crops: sorghum, pearl millet, finger millet, foxtail milet, proso millet, little millet, barnyard millet, kodo millet, tef and fonio. Further chapters cover pests and diseases, nutritional and industrial importance, novel tools for improvement, and seed systems in millets. Millets and Sorghum provides full and comprehensive coverage of these crucially important crops, their biology, world status and potential for improvement, and is an essential purchase for crop and plant scientists, and food scientists and technologists throughout the developed and developing world. All libraries in universities and research establishment where biological and agricultural sciences are studied and taught should have copies of this important book on their shelves.

Author : Manoj Prasad
Publisher : Springer
Page : 159 pages
File Size : 18,18 MB
Release : 2017-11-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 3319656171

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This book presents up-to-date information on foxtail millet genomics, with a particular focus on its agronomic importance, genome architecture, marker development, evolutionary and diversity studies, comparative genomics and stress biology. The topics discussed have the potential to open up a new era of crop improvement in foxtail millet and other related grass species. Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) is the oldest domesticated crop in the world (domesticated >8700 years ago) and it has been extensively grown in the semi-arid regions of Asia, Europe and the Americas as a food and fodder crop ever since. Further, as a C4 crop with close genetic relatedness to several biofuel grasses, foxtail millet has been promoted as a model plant. In view of its importance, the US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute and Beijing Genomics Institute have independently sequenced the genome of foxtail millet. The availability of the draft genome sequence has advanced the genomics and genetics of this important crop, resulting in the development of large-scale genome-wide molecular markers and demonstration of their utility in genomics-assisted breeding, as well as the identification of the molecular and biological roles of several stress-responsive gene families in connection with abiotic stress tolerance. In addition, several open access databases have been developed to make these resources for crop improvement through structural and functional genomics widely available.

Author : Mohar Singh
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 34,92 MB
Release : 2020-09-20
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0128204052

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Millets and Pseudo Cereals is the first comprehensive resource to focus on the potential crop improvements through genetic enhancements. The choice of food crop for a region is primarily determined by the conditions of climate and soil. Once labelled as orphan crops, millets and pseudo-cereals are now known as miracle grains due to their adaptation to harsh conditions and high nutritional quality. Small millets and pseudo-cereals are now seen to occupy special niches through their ability to adapt to challenging conditions. These crops have a comparative advantage in marginal lands where they withstand stress conditions and contribute to sustainable production. They also contribute to the diversity-richness and production stability of agro-ecosystems. Millets include sorghum, pearl millet, finger millet, foxtail millet, proso millet, barnyard millet, little millet and kodo millet while the other group which are not cereals but consumed as cereals and generally referred as pseudo-cereals comprises of grain amaranths, buckwheat and chenopods. Millets and Pseudo Cereals presents current information on the genetic architecture of important economic traits and the genomic resources for gene enabled breeding. This compilation contains information on the global status, available germplasm resources, nutritional value, breeding advancements, genomics applications and sustainability of agriculture through millets and pseudo-cereals cultivation. This book is a valuable resource for those conducting research and exploring new areas for advancing crop genetic understanding. Explores the current challenges of pseudo-cereal production and how that can be overcome by developing genetic and breeding resources using appropriate germplasm Provides holistic information on millets and pseudo-cereals Features global perspectives from an international contributing team of authors

Author : Romesh Kumar Salgotra
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 18,27 MB
Release : 2020-01-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9811501564

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This book describes how the latest genomic resources techniques can be efficiently used in plant breeding programmes to achieve food security in the future. It also shares insights on how to utilize the untapped and unexplored genetic diversity of wild species, wild relatives and landraces for crop improvement. Moreover, the book offers an impressive array of balanced analyses, fresh ideas and perspectives, and thoughtful and realistic proposals regarding the sustainable utilization of plant genetic resources with modern biotechnological techniques. The first book to address the importance of plant genetics and genomic resources for food security, it brings together a group of plant breeders and biotechnologists to investigate the use of genomic resources techniques in plant breeding programmes. Providing essential information on the efficient utilization of genomic resources in precision breeding, it offers a valuable asset for undergraduate and graduate students, teachers and professionals engaged in related fields.

Author : Sweta Mishra
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 10,26 MB
Release : 2023-12-26
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789819972319

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This book brings out a comprehensive collection of information on small millets. The main focus of this book is to introduce the various types of long forgotten small millets to the readers, their genetics, botany and diversity, cultivation, breeding strategies, genomic resources available, how they can be incorporated into the existing cropping systems, their processing strategies and value addition to incorporate into daily diet of humans. It covers finger millet, foxtail millet, proso millet, barnyard millet, little millet, kodo millet, and browntop millet. Millets originated before 10000 BC and were consumed by humans across civilizations until the green revolution took place in India and other developing countries. After green revolution, due to the advent of high-yielding varieties, as the area, production, and market of wheat and rice increased, the acreage of millets gradually decreased. However, with increasing lifestyle diseases, humans have recognized the potential of small millets crop. It is now being considered as super food and smart food as they are nutri-packed and rich in calcium, phosphorous, iron, zinc, and fiber, which is much higher than that available in wheat and rice. This book is of interest to the students, research scholars, national and international agricultural scientists, millet professionals, and food industry

Author : Mohar Singh
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 386 pages
File Size : 22,89 MB
Release : 2015-11-10
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0128020377

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Genetic and Genomic Resources For Cereals Improvement is the first book to bring together the latest available genetic resources and genomics to facilitate the identification of specific germplasm, trait mapping, and allele mining that are needed to more effectively develop biotic and abiotic-stress-resistant grains. As grain cereals, including rice, wheat, maize, barley, sorghum, and millets constitute the bulk of global diets, both of vegetarian and non-vegetarian, there is a greater need for further genetic improvement, breeding, and plant genetic resources to secure the future food supply. This book is an invaluable resource for researchers, crop biologists, and students working with crop development and the changes in environmental climate that have had significant impact on crop production. It includes the latest information on tactics that ensure that environmentally robust genes and crops resilient to climate change are identified and preserved. Provides a single-volume resource on the global research work on grain cereals genetics and genomics Presents information for effectively managing and utilizing the genetic resources of this core food supply source Includes coverage of rice, wheat, maize, barley, sorghum, and pearl, finger and foxtail millets

Author : Mohar Singh
Publisher : Newnes
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 30,62 MB
Release : 2013-07-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 0123984947

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Grain legumes, including common-bean, chickpea, pigeonpea, pea, cowpea, lentil and others, form important constituents of global diets, both vegetarian and non-vegetarian. Despite this significant role, global production has increased only marginally in the past 50 years. The slow production growth, along with a rising human population and improved buying capacity has substantially reduced the per capita availability of food legumes. Changes in environmental climate have also had significant impact on production, creating a need to identify stable donors among genetic resources for environmentally robust genes and designing crops resilient to climate change. Genetic and Genomic Resources of Grain Legume Improvement is the first book to bring together the latest resources in plant genetics and genomics to facilitate the identification of specific germplasm, trait mapping and allele mining to more effectively develop biotic and abiotic-stress-resistant grains. This book will be an invaluable resource for researchers, crop biologists and students working with crop development. Explores origin, distribution and diversity of grain legumes Presents information on germplasm collection, evaluation and maintenance Offers insight into pre-breeding/germplasm enhancement efforts Integrates genomic and genetic resources in crop improvement Internationally contributed work

Author :
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 26,15 MB
Release : 2011
Category :
ISBN :

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The overall aim of this research was to develop genomic and genetic tools in foxtail millet that will be useful in improving biomass production in bioenergy crops such as switchgrass, napier grass, and pearl millet. A variety of approaches have been implemented, and our lab has been primarily involved in genome analysis and quantitative genetic analysis. Our progress in these activities has been substantially helped by the genomic sequence of foxtail millet produced by the Joint Genome Institute (Bennetzen et al., in prep). In particular, the annotation and analysis of candidate genes for architecture, biomass production and flowering has led to new insights into the control of branching and flowering time, and has shown how closely related flowering time is to vegetative architectural development and biomass accumulation. The differences in genetic control identified at high and low density plantings have direct relevance to the breeding of bioenergy grasses that are tolerant of high planting densities. The developmental analyses have shown how plant architecture changes over time and may indicate which genes may best be manipulated at various times during development to obtain required biomass characteristics. This data contributes to the overall aim of significantly improving genetic and genomic tools in foxtail millet that can be directed to improvement of bioenergy grasses such as switchgrass, where it is important to maximize vegetative growth for greatest biomass production.

Author : Irwin Goldman
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 32,47 MB
Release : 2018-01-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 1119414504

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Plant Breeding Reviews presents state-of-the-art reviews on plant genetics and the breeding of all types of crops by both traditional means and molecular methods. Many of the crops widely grown today stem from a very narrow genetic base; understanding and preserving crop genetic resources is vital to the security of food systems worldwide. The emphasis of the series is on methodology, a fundamental understanding of crop genetics, and applications to major crops.