[PDF] Controlling Structure Across Length Scales With Directed Assembly Of Colloidal Nanoparticles eBook

Author : Paul Anthony Gabrys
Publisher :
Page : 334 pages
File Size : 43,34 MB
Release : 2020
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ISBN :

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One of the promises of nanotechnology is the ability to create a bulk, designer material with its structure programmed at each length scale using deterministic control over the placement of each nanoscale component. Self-assembled nanoparticle colloids, particularly those directed by sequence-specific DNA hybridizations, have emerged as a promising building block for producing these designer materials from nanoparticles that arrange themselves into precise symmetries through mechanisms analogous to atomic crystallization. However, DNA-directed colloids and other self-assembled nanoparticle systems still struggle to realize the goal of arbitrary structure control at length scales larger than a few microns due to the complexity of forces impacting different scales simultaneously. Utilizing existing atomic analogues for inspiration, this work extends the structure-defining nature of these programmable building blocks by imposing lithographic boundary conditions and devising processing techniques resembling those of atomic thin films and powders. Crystallization at an interface is explored, and preferential grain growth from a substrate is demonstrated to control large scale crystal texture. Full crystal orientation control is achieved by using standard nano-fabrication techniques to construct a lithographically-defined template for epitaxial growth that can define arbitrary macroscale shapes over millimeters. The resulting crystallization platform exhibits remarkable resiliency to lattice mismatch due to the ‘soft’ nature of the DNA ligands binding nanoparticles together. The understanding garnered from the DNA-grafted nanoparticle as a model system is extended to a colloid synthesized from a more scalable and robust directing polymer, polystyrene. The unique advantages of this new building block enable the fabrication of truly bulk, 3D materials with arbitrary macroscale shape on the centimeter scale via sintering and post-processing of nanoparticle-based crystallites. The results of this work are nanoparticle-based materials with dictated structure from the nanoscale (crystallographic unit cell), through the microscale (crystallite size and orientation), to the macroscale (lithographically defined shape).

Author : Unmukt Gupta
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 24,86 MB
Release : 2021
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Colloidal nanoparticles at the interface of two immiscible fluids experience certain restrictions on their position and orientation. This property is exploited to create long-range, coherent assemblies of quasi-2D super-structures that are known to possess strong correlations between their packing symmetries (structure) and the displayed opto-electronic properties (function). However, despite the recent advances in synthesis techniques, the underlying kinetic and thermodynamic factors governing the self-assembly process are not yet completely understood. The overarching goal of this work is to increase the repeatability, precision, and control over the self-assembly of constituent NPs into superstructures with programmable symmetry. In this work, I will take you through not only 1) the development of a set of design rules based on energetic arguments obtained from simulations and theoretical considerations, but equally importantly 2) the development of a simulation paradigm that is faithfully able to reproduce the inherent physics, in-silico. The first step in this process is to investigate the behavior of an isolated NP at the interface. For this purpose, I use both particle-based coarse-grained molecular simulation and a theoretical continuum model. I present the free-energy characteristics of the NPs as a function of their orientations and their vertical positions with respect to the interface. Meaningfully probing the self-assembly process at meso-scales requires simulation of O(10^3) NPs. However, this is infeasible in an explicit-solvent setting with the typically available computing resources. To this end, a key contribution of this work is to develop an efficient (implicit-solvent) model that is not only able to reproduce experimentally exhibited behavior by NPs at fluid-fluid interfaces but is also scalable to the experimentally relevant length scales. By explicitly modeling coarse-grained ligands that cap the nanoparticle surface, I show that changes in nanoparticle shape and ligand densities give rise to drastically different mechanisms. In agreement with experiments, formation of bilayer honeycomb and monolayer square lattices is observed. My results indicate that the choice of solvent and rate of evaporation have a significant impact on reversibility and ultimately the coherence of the finally obtained superstructure. The proposed simulation paradigm would pave the way forward for exploration of the vast phase space.

Author : Jeffrey P. Simmons
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 537 pages
File Size : 33,56 MB
Release : 2019-02-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 1498738214

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Data analytics has become an integral part of materials science. This book provides the practical tools and fundamentals needed for researchers in materials science to understand how to analyze large datasets using statistical methods, especially inverse methods applied to microstructure characterization. It contains valuable guidance on essential topics such as denoising and data modeling. Additionally, the analysis and applications section addresses compressed sensing methods, stochastic models, extreme estimation, and approaches to pattern detection.

Author : Katsuhiko Ariga
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 648 pages
File Size : 27,92 MB
Release : 2023-12-15
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0323994733

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Materials Nanoarchitectonics: From Integrated Molecular Systems to Advanced Devices provides the latest information on the design and molecular manipulation of self-organized hierarchically structured systems using tailor-made nanoscale materials as structural and functional units. The book is organized into three main sections that focus on molecular design of building blocks and hybrid materials, formation of nanostructures, and applications and devices. Bringing together emerging materials, synthetic aspects, nanostructure strategies, and applications, the book aims to support further progress, by offering different perspectives and a strong interdisciplinary approach to this rapidly growing area of innovation. This is an extremely valuable resource for researchers, advanced students, and scientists in industry, with an interest in nanoarchitectonics, nanostructures, and nanomaterials, or across the areas of nanotechnology, chemistry, surface science, polymer science, electrical engineering, physics, chemical engineering, and materials science. Offers a nanoarchitectonic perspective on emerging fields, such as metal-organic frameworks, porous polymer materials, or biomimetic nanostructures Discusses different approaches to utilizing "soft chemistry" as a source for hierarchically organized materials Offers an interdisciplinary approach to the design and construction of integrated chemical nano systems Discusses novel approaches towards the creation of complex multiscale architectures

Author : Sivaraman Ramaswamy
Publisher :
Page : 117 pages
File Size : 32,41 MB
Release : 2015
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Self-assembled nanoscale structures are the basis for various technological advancements in functional materials, sensors, and molecular circuits and factories. With significant progress in self-assembly of periodic nanostructures (such as monolayers), the focus is now shifting towards non-periodic structures. Control of various interaction force fields (electrostatic, Van der Waals, etc.) between the nanoparticles and external controls can result in the formation of nanostructures with desired geometry. The aim is to design the nanoparticles and the external actuators such that the desired structure can be self-assembled rapidly with high reliability and avoiding any kinetic trapping that an ill-designed energy landscape might cause. Deterministic dynamic modeling of such self-assembled nanostructures, directed by external fields, through a Master Equation approach, leads to a set of differential equations of such large size that even the most efficient solution algorithms are overwhelmed. Thus, model reduction is a key necessity. This thesis presents a methodological approach and specific algorithms, which generate time-varying, reduced-order models for the description of directed self-assembly of nanoparticles by external fields. The approach is based on Finite State Projection and is adaptive, i.e., it generates reduced-order models that vary over time. The algorithm uses event-detection concepts to determine automatically, during simulation, suitable time points at which the projection space and thus the structure of the reduced-order model change, in such a way that the computational load remains low while the upper bound on the simulation error, resulting from model reduction, is lower than a prescribed maximum limit. The thesis also presents an optimal control strategy that can guide any initial random configuration of nanoparticles to a final structure of desired geometry, in minimum time. It employs a multi-resolution view of the dynamically evolving configurations of nanoparticles, which are described through the simulation methodology described before. External charges, attracting or repelling the nanoparticles, are the controls, whose location and intensity are determined by the optimality conditions of the optimal control strategy. To ensure analytic consistency of the parametric sensitivities, during the computation of the optimal controls, and thus guarantee the optimality of the resulting control policy, a priori determination of enlarged constant projection spaces is shown to be essential. The thesis also presents a series of case studies, which illustrate how the proposed methods can be used to simulate effectively directed self-assembly of an appreciable number of nanoparticles, and reach the desired geometry. These case studies also illuminate several of its features, such as: superiority over a static optimal solution; evasion of kinetic traps; and effective handling of combinatorial complications arising for systems with large-size domains and many particles.

Author : Nicholas D Spencer
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 690 pages
File Size : 33,86 MB
Release : 2011-03-08
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9814466417

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The focus of this book is surface modification, with the goal of tailoring materials for a specific application. By means of this approach, ideal bulk properties of a material, such as its tensile strength (temperature stability, density, or even cost) can be combined with optimized surface properties, such as hardness, biocompatibility, low or high friction or adhesion, water repellency or wettability, or catalytic activity.The works of the author — many of his crucial papers are included — deal with the understanding and modification of surfaces and span fields including catalysis, analytical surface science, self-assembled monolayers, tribology, biomaterials, superhydrophobicity and polymer coatings.

Author : George Zhao
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 678 pages
File Size : 21,82 MB
Release : 2022-01-19
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 3527828737

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A comprehensive resource for new and veteran researchers in the field of self-assembling and functional materials In Functional Materials from Colloidal Self-assembly, a pair of distinguished researchers delivers a thorough overview of how the colloidal self-assembly approach can enable the design and fabrication of several functional materials and devices. Among other topics, the book explores the foundations of self-assembly in different systems, nucleation, the growth of nanoparticles, self-assembly of colloidal microspheres for photonic crystals and devices, and the self-assembly of amphiphilic molecules as a template for mesoporous materials. The authors also discuss the self-assembly of biomolecules, superstructures from self-assembly, architectures from self-assembly, and the applications of self-assembled nanostructures. Functional Materials from Colloidal Self-assembly provides a balanced approach to the theoretical background and applications of the subject, offering sound guidance to both experienced and early-career researchers. The book also delivers: A thorough introduction to the fundamentals of colloids, including the theory of nucleation and the growth of colloidal particles Comprehensive explorations of mechanisms and strategies for the self-assembly of colloidal particles, including DNA-mediated colloidal self-assembly Practical discussions of characterization techniques for self-assembled colloidal structures, including electron microscopy techniques and X-ray techniques In-depth examinations of biological and biomedical materials, including tissue engineering, drug loading and release, and biodetection Perfect for materials scientists, inorganic chemists, and catalytic chemists, Functional Materials from Colloidal Self-assembly is also a must-read reference for biochemists and surface chemists seeking a one-stop resource on self-assembling and functional materials.

Author :
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Page : pages
File Size : 22,24 MB
Release : 2006
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A new multi-step self-assembly route to polymer-semiconducting nanoparticle photonic structures is described. The multi-step self-assembly strategy targets complex hierarchical structures in which organization of cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanoparticles on progressively longer length scales is introduced via a series of three self-assembly steps. each involving building blocks of increasing structural complexity. Each self assembly step can be described as follows: 1) SA1: self-assembly of PS-b-PAA to form block ionomer reverse micelles, followed by synthesis of a single CdS semiconducting nanoparticle in each core, forming the hybrid building blocks PS-CdS: 2) SA2: self-assembly of blends of PS-CdS and PS-b-PAA stabilizing chains in DMF/water mixtures by addition of water to form spherical nanoparticle assemblies, termed large compound micelles (LCMs); 3) SA3: self-assembly of LCMs into ordered close packed arrays by slow water evaporation. The kinetic freezing of building blocks at each stage offers the potential for unique control of nanoparticle self-assembly step since each step is "locked in", allowing structural features determined by the subsequent step to be independently tuned through a new set of experimental variables. Chapter 2 and 3 of this thesis investigate aspects of size and polydispersity control of spherical nanoparticle assemblies in the SA2 self-assembly step. Chapter 4 demonstrates that LCMs can be further assembled (SA3 step) to form three-dimensional hierarchical arrays.

Author : Brooks Douglas Rabideau
Publisher :
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 45,86 MB
Release : 2007
Category : Colloids
ISBN :

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As the feature size of new devices continues to decrease so too does the feasibility of top-down methods of patterning them. In many cases bottom-up methods are replacing the existing methods of assembly, as having building blocks self-organize into the desired structure appears, in many cases, to be a much more advantageous route. Self-assembled nanoparticulate films have a wide range of potential applications; high-density magnetic media, sensing arrays, meta-materials and as seeds for 3D photonic crystals to name a few. Thus, it is critical that we understand the fundamental dynamics of pattern formation on the nanoparticulate and colloidal scale so that we may have better control over the formation and final quality of these structures. We study computationally the self-organization of colloidal particles in 2D using both Monte Carlo and dynamic simulation We present 3 studies employing Monte Carlo simulation. In the first study, Monte Carlo simulations were used to understand the experimental observation of highlyordered 2D arrays of bidisperse, stabilized gold nanoparticles. It was shown that the LS lattice forms with the addition of interparticle forces and a simple compressive force, revealing that bidisperse lattice formation is, in fact, a dynamic process. It was evident that the LS lattice forms in large part because the particles within the lattice reside in their respective interparticle potential wells. In the second Monte Carlo study, this information was used to predict size-ratios and surface coverages for novel lattice structures. These predictions are intended to guide experimentalists in their search for these exciting new structures. In the third study it was shown that polydisperse amounts of amorphous-silicon nanoparticles could form 2D clusters exhibiting long-range orientational order even in the absence of translational order. Monte Carlo simulations were performed, which included lateral capillary forces and a simple stabilizing repulsion, resulting in structures that were strikingly similar to the experimentally observed In the fourth study we used dynamic simulation to study the hydrodynamicallyassisted self-organization of DNA-functionalized colloids in 2D. It was shown that hydrodynamic forces allow a more thorough sampling of phase space than through thermal or Brownian forces alone.

Author : Shafigh Mehraeen
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 102 pages
File Size : 48,38 MB
Release : 2020-11-04
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1789239605

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Top-down approaches are currently the main contributor of fabricating microelectronic devices. However, the prohibitive cost of numerous technological steps in these approaches is the main obstacle to further progress. Furthermore, a large number of applications necessitate fabrication of complex and ultra-small devices that cannot be made using these approaches. New approaches based on natural self-assembly of matter need to be developed to allow for fabrication of micro and nanoelectronic devices. Self-assembly of nanostructures is a dynamic field, which explores physics of these structures and new ways to fabricate them. However, the major problem is how to control the properties of the nanostructures resulting from low dimensionality. This book presents recent advances made to address this problem, and fabricate nanostructures using self-assembly.