[PDF] Conscience And Convenience eBook

Author : David J. Rothman
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 499 pages
File Size : 33,50 MB
Release : 2017-07-05
Category : History
ISBN : 1351526545

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Conscience and Convenience was quickly recognized for its masterly depiction and interpretation of a major period of reform history. This history begins in a social context in which treatment and rehabilitation were emerging as predominant after America's prisons and asylums had been broadly acknowledged to be little more than embarrassing failures. The resulting progressive agenda was evident: to develop new, more humane and effective strategies for the criminal, delinquent, and mentally ill. The results, as Rothman documents, did not turn out as reformers had planned. For adult criminal offenders, such individual treatment could be accomplished only through the provision of broad discretionary authority, whereby choices could be made between probation, parole, indeterminate sentencing, and, as a measure of last resort, incarceration in totally redesigned prisons. For delinquents, the juvenile court served as a surrogate parent and accelerated and intensified individual treatment by providing for a series of community-based individual and family services, with the newly designed, school-like reformatories being used for only the most intractable cases. For the mentally ill, psychiatrists chose between outpatient treatments, short-term intensive care, or as last resort, long-term care in mental hospitals with new cottage and family-like arrangements. Rothman shows the consequences of these reforms as unmitigated disasters. Despite benevolent intentions, the actual outcome of reform efforts was to take the earlier failures of prisons and asylums to new, more ominous heights. In this updated edition, Rothman chronicles and examines incarceration of the criminal, the deviant, and the dependent in U.S. society, with a focus on how and why these methods have persisted and expanded for over a century and a half despite longstanding evidence of their failures and abuses.

Author : David J. Rothman
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 500 pages
File Size : 43,29 MB
Release : 2017-07-05
Category : History
ISBN : 1351526537

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Conscience and Convenience was quickly recognized for its masterly depiction and interpretation of a major period of reform history. This history begins in a social context in which treatment and rehabilitation were emerging as predominant after America's prisons and asylums had been broadly acknowledged to be little more than embarrassing failures. The resulting progressive agenda was evident: to develop new, more humane and effective strategies for the criminal, delinquent, and mentally ill. The results, as Rothman documents, did not turn out as reformers had planned.For adult criminal offenders, such individual treatment could be accomplished only through the provision of broad discretionary authority, whereby choices could be made between probation, parole, indeterminate sentencing, and, as a measure of last resort, incarceration in totally redesigned prisons. For delinquents, the juvenile court served as a surrogate parent and accelerated and intensified individual treatment by providing for a series of community-based individual and family services, with the newly designed, school-like reformatories being used for only the most intractable cases. For the mentally ill, psychiatrists chose between outpatient treatments, short-term intensive care, or as last resort, long-term care in mental hospitals with new cottage and family-like arrangements. Rothman shows the consequences of these reforms as unmitigated disasters. Despite benevolent intentions, the actual outcome of reform efforts was to take the earlier failures of prisons and asylums to new, more ominous heights.In this updated edition, Rothman chronicles and examines incarceration of the criminal, the deviant, and the dependent in U.S. society, with a focus on how and why these methods have persisted and expanded for over a century and a half despite longstanding evidence of their failures and abuses.

Author : Seymour Lipset
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 482 pages
File Size : 11,63 MB
Release : 2017-08-02
Category :
ISBN : 9781138521056

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Conscience and Convenience was quickly recognized for its masterly depiction and interpretation of a major period of reform history. This history begins in a social context in which treatment and rehabilitation were emerging as predominant after America's prisons and asylums had been broadly acknowledged to be little more than embarrassing failures. The resulting progressive agenda was evident: to develop new, more humane and effective strategies for the criminal, delinquent, and mentally ill. The results, as Rothman documents, did not turn out as reformers had planned. For adult criminal offenders, such individual treatment could be accomplished only through the provision of broad discretionary authority, whereby choices could be made between probation, parole, indeterminate sentencing, and, as a measure of last resort, incarceration in totally redesigned prisons. For delinquents, the juvenile court served as a surrogate parent and accelerated and intensified individual treatment by providing for a series of community-based individual and family services, with the newly designed, school-like reformatories being used for only the most intractable cases. For the mentally ill, psychiatrists chose between outpatient treatments, short-term intensive care, or as last resort, long-term care in mental hospitals with new cottage and family-like arrangements. Rothman shows the consequences of these reforms as unmitigated disasters. Despite benevolent intentions, the actual outcome of reform efforts was to take the earlier failures of prisons and asylums to new, more ominous heights. In this updated edition, Rothman chronicles and examines incarceration of the criminal, the deviant, and the dependent in U.S. society, with a focus on how and why these methods have persisted and expanded for over a century and a half despite longstanding evidence of their failures and abuses.

Author : Lynn Stout
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 319 pages
File Size : 49,52 MB
Release : 2010-10-04
Category : Law
ISBN : 140083600X

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How the science of unselfish behavior can promote law, order, and prosperity Contemporary law and public policy often treat human beings as selfish creatures who respond only to punishments and rewards. Yet every day we behave unselfishly—few of us mug the elderly or steal the paper from our neighbor's yard, and many of us go out of our way to help strangers. We nevertheless overlook our own good behavior and fixate on the bad things people do and how we can stop them. In this pathbreaking book, acclaimed law and economics scholar Lynn Stout argues that this focus neglects the crucial role our better impulses could play in society. Rather than lean on the power of greed to shape laws and human behavior, Stout contends that we should rely on the force of conscience. Stout makes the compelling case that conscience is neither a rare nor quirky phenomenon, but a vital force woven into our daily lives. Drawing from social psychology, behavioral economics, and evolutionary biology, Stout demonstrates how social cues—instructions from authorities, ideas about others' selfishness and unselfishness, and beliefs about benefits to others—have a powerful role in triggering unselfish behavior. Stout illustrates how our legal system can use these social cues to craft better laws that encourage more unselfish, ethical behavior in many realms, including politics and business. Stout also shows how our current emphasis on self-interest and incentives may have contributed to the catastrophic political missteps and financial scandals of recent memory by encouraging corrupt and selfish actions, and undermining society's collective moral compass. This book proves that if we care about effective laws and civilized society, the powers of conscience are simply too important for us to ignore.

Author : Tieman H. Dippel, Jr.
Publisher : Texas Peacemaker Publicatio
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 39,35 MB
Release : 2003-08
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780972160803

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Foreword magazine finalist for 2003 Book of the Year in Philosophy. Provides a focus on character and understanding responsibility in creating an environment where conscience in chosen over convenience. More information at very descriptive website at www.thelanguageofconscience.com.

Author : Donald G. Hanna
Publisher : WestBow Press
Page : 565 pages
File Size : 25,93 MB
Release : 2016-03-18
Category : Religion
ISBN : 1512725870

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Mastering selfoften desired, seldom achieved, and easier said than done. It is an arduous, lifelong process of becoming. A journeynot a destination. A directionnot perfection. A disciplinenot a diversion. Mastering self does not naturally exist in the human condition. It must be cultivated by lifelong learning. Mastering Self is for critical thinkers wanting to become what they should be. It provides: • a paradigm to clarify your core ethos and code of conduct; • a template to evaluate your fundamental beliefs, principles, and values; • a lens to view your world; • a grid to filter your thoughts, decisions, and actions; • a linchpin to stabilize your life; • a blueprint to comprehend your bearing in lifes journey and destination; and • a benchmark to measure significance in your life. Mastering Self presents relevant principles and commentary applicable to leading self and others. Understanding them strengthens interpersonal relationships. Embracing them increases personal influence. Practicing them benefits anyone responsible for other people. A comprehensive reference for leaders, this handbook is based on timeless truths and virtues for reference, reflection, or contemplative study. It provides a biblical worldview for perspective and old-school insight for todays culture. Mastering Self includes two primers with commentary, white papers regarding issues in life, the authors Scot heritage influence, and memoirs. The primers are written from a practitioners perspective gained from twenty-four years leading three police departments, teaching command officers at police academies, and teaching leadership at a university. The white papers juxtapose personal worldview and ethos with Gods Word and manner of living. They reveal a deep conviction that God counsels and confides in those who fear Him (Ps. 25:14) and honors those who honor Him (1 Sam. 2:30). These papers result from reading, teaching, writing, and pondering to keep my heart with all diligence regarding issues in life (Prov. 4:23)often in the counsel chamber of God. This work is a labor of love and pertains to lifes ultimate question: God or self?

Author : Carolyn McLeod
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 217 pages
File Size : 32,48 MB
Release : 2020-04-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0198732724

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In Conscience in Reproductive Health Care, Carolyn McLeod responds to a growing worldwide trend of health care professionals conscientiously refusing to provide abortions and similar reproductive health services in countries where these services are legal and professionally accepted. She argues that conscientious objectors in health care should have to prioritize the interests of patients in receiving care over their own interest in acting on their conscience. McLeod defends this 'prioritizing approach' to conscientious objection over the more popular 'compromise approach' in bioethics-without downplaying the importance of health care professionals having a conscience or the moral complexity of their conscientious refusals. She begins with a description of what is at stake for the main parties to the conflicts generated by conscientious refusals in reproductive health care: the objector and the patient. Her central argument for the prioritizing approach is that health care professionals who are charged with gatekeeping access to services such as abortions are fiduciaries for their patients and for the public they are licensed to serve. As such, they have a duty of loyalty to these beneficiaries and must give primacy to their interests in gaining access to care. McLeod provides insights into ethical issues extending beyond the question of conscientious refusal, including the value of conscience and the fundamental moral nature of the relationships health care professionals have with current and prospective patients.

Author : Todd R. Clear
Publisher : Wadsworth Publishing Company
Page : 614 pages
File Size : 31,32 MB
Release : 1997
Category : Education
ISBN :

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A comprehensive look at all areas of corrections as a system of interconnected organizations. Contains extensive pedagogical features to aid student understanding. Includes the most recent research findings and implications of policy issues.

Author : Spyros G. Tzafestas
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 47,69 MB
Release : 2022-09-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 1000795675

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Modern robots have arrived at a very matured state both in their mechanical / control aspects and their mental aspects. An Introduction to Robophilosophy explores the philosophical questions that arise in the development, creation, and use of mental – anthropomorphic and zoomorphic- robots that are capable of semiautonomous / autonomous operation, decision making and human-like action, being able to socially interact with humans and exhibit behavior similar to human beings or animals. Coverage first presents fundamental concepts, and an overview of philosophy, philosophy of science, and philosophy of technology. The six principal mental capabilities of modern robots, namely cognition, intelligence, autonomy, consciousness, conscience, and ethics are then studied from a philosophical point of view. They actually represent the product of technological embodiment of cognitive features to robots. Overall, readers are provided a consolidated thorough investigation of the philosophical aspects of these mental capabilities when embedded to robots. This book will serve as an ideal educational source in engineering and robotics courses as well as an introductory reference for researchers in the field of robotics, and it includes a rich bibliography.