[PDF] Comprehensive History Of American Aviation Pressure Suits Covering Early Pioneers To Space Shuttle Kittinger Crossfield Neil Armstrong Sr 71 U 2 Navy And Air Force Suits Asteroid Mission Suit eBook

Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Publisher :
Page : 487 pages
File Size : 18,27 MB
Release : 2017-11-09
Category :
ISBN : 9781973263203

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From the earliest aviation pressure suit pioneers to today's plans for space suits for the planned manned asteroid retrieval mission, this unique ebook compilation will be of great interest to aviation and space enthusiasts. It includes a reproduction of a major NASA History Special Publication, Dressing For Altitude: U.S. Aviation Pressure Suits - Wiley Post to Space Shuttle. Anybody who has watched many movies or television shows has seen them--the ubiquitous silver suits worn by pilots as they explore the unknown. They are called pressure suits, and one can trace their lineage to Wiley Post or, perhaps, a bit earlier. There are two kinds of pressure suits: partial pressure and full pressure. In a partial-pressure suit, the counter-pressure is not as complete as in a full-pressure suit, but it is placed so that shifts in body fluids are kept within reasonable limits. On the other hand, a full-pressure suit, which is an anthropomorphic pressure vessel, creates an artificial environment for the pilot. One type of pressure suit is not necessarily "better" than the other, and both partial pressure and full pressure suits are still in limited use around the world. Both type of suits have benefits and limitations and, by and large, pilots dislike both, even while acknowledging their necessity. For the past 60 years, they have been an indispensible part of a small fragment of the aviation world. Although space suits, which differ from pressure suits in subtle, but important ways, have been well covered in literature, pressure suits have gone unheralded except as introductions to the space suit histories. This book is an attempt to correct that, and covers pressure suits from the beginning through the end of the Space Shuttle program.Contents: Horror Vacui * Structure of Atmosphere * Atmospheric Pressure * Physiological Issues of High-Altitude Flight * Mark Ridge, Wiley Post, and John Kearby * Early Pressure Suits * Wiley Post and the Winnie Mae * International Efforts * Aeromedical Pioneers * U.S. Army Rediscovers the Pressure Suit * Summary * Acceleration Protection * Physiology of Acceleration * Human Centrifuges * Beginning of an Idea * Australian Cotton Aerodynamic Anti-G Suit * Canadian Franks Flying Suit * Americans * Berger Brothers * Worcester Connection * Cutaway Suits * Postwar Suits * TLSS and COMBAT EDGE * ATAGS and F-22 * Rediscovering Progressive Arterial Occlusion Suit * Partial-Pressure Suits * Pressure Breathing * S-1: Genesis of the Partial-Pressure Suit * S-2 and T-1: Production Partial-Pressure Suits * MC-1: Featherweight Suit * MB-1 and MB-2: Ill-Fated Air Defense Command Suits * MC-3 and MC-4: Dragon Ladies and Hustlers * MC-3A Specials: Manhigh, Excelsior, and Stargazer * CSU-2/P: Attempt to Improve the MC-4 * C-1A and C-4: Navy Capstan Suits * CSU-4/P and CSU-5/P: Bladders Only * HAPS-NASA Dryden High-Altitude Protective System * Navy Full-Pressure Suits * Russell Colley, Again * Mark I * Mark II * Mark III * Mark IV * Mark IV Suits for Strato-Lab * Mark V * Project Mercury Spacesuits * Air Force Full-Pressure Suits * Lines of Nonextension * MC-2: A New Beginning * A/P22S-2: Production USAF Full-Pressure Suits * Sidebar: The Evolving Pressure Suit Depot * A/P22S-3: A Navy Suit for the Air Force * A/P22S-4 and A/P22S-6: Evolving the Concept Boyle's Law Suit * PHAFO: The Stillborn High-Altitude Flying Outfit * Special Project Suits * S901 and S970:Suits for Oxcart * S-100: Hybrid Suit for the Original U-2 * S901J: Initial Suit for Senior Crown * S1010: A Suit for Dragon Lady * S1031C: Common Suit * S1034: Improved Common Suit * Shrinking Industrial Base * Space Shuttle Pressure Suits * ISSA and EIS: Stillborn Space Shuttle Suits * S1030A: Ejection Escape System (EES) Suits * LEH: Launch Entry Helmet * S1032: Launch Entry Suits (LES) * S1035: Advanced Crew Escape Suit (ACES) * Comparing Columbia to an SR-71 Breakup

Author : Progressive Management
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 37,2 MB
Release : 2014
Category :
ISBN : 9781310747861

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From the earliest aviation pressure suit pioneers to today's plans for space suits for the planned manned asteroid retrieval mission, this unique ebook compilation will be of great interest to aviation and space enthusiasts. It includes a reproduction of a major NASA History Special Publication, Dressing For Altitude: U.S. Aviation Pressure Suits - Wiley Post to Space Shuttle. Anybody who has watched many movies or television shows has seen them--the ubiquitous silver suits worn by pilots as they explore the unknown. They are called pressure suits, and one can trace their lineage to Wiley Post or, perhaps, a bit earlier. There are two kinds of pressure suits: partial pressure and full pressure. In a partial-pressure suit, the counter-pressure is not as complete as in a full-pressure suit, but it is placed so that shifts in body fluids are kept within reasonable limits. On the other hand, a full-pressure suit, which is an anthropomorphic pressure vessel, creates an artificial environment for the pilot. One type of pressure suit is not necessarily "better" than the other, and both partial pressure and full pressure suits are still in limited use around the world. Both type of suits have benefits and limitations and, by and large, pilots dislike both, even while acknowledging their necessity. For the past 60 years, they have been an indispensible part of a small fragment of the aviation world. Although space suits, which differ from pressure suits in subtle, but important ways, have been well covered in literature, pressure suits have gone unheralded except as introductions to the space suit histories. This book is an attempt to correct that, and covers pressure suits from the beginning through the end of the Space Shuttle program.Contents: Horror Vacui * Structure of Atmosphere * Atmospheric Pressure * Physiological Issues of High-Altitude Flight * Mark Ridge, Wiley Post, and John Kearby * Early Pressure Suits * Wiley Post and the Winnie Mae * International Efforts * Aeromedical Pioneers * U.S. Army Rediscovers the Pressure Suit * Summary * Acceleration Protection * Physiology of Acceleration * Human Centrifuges * Beginning of an Idea * Australian Cotton Aerodynamic Anti-G Suit * Canadian Franks Flying Suit * Americans * Berger Brothers * Worcester Connection * Cutaway Suits * Postwar Suits * TLSS and COMBAT EDGE * ATAGS and F-22 * Rediscovering Progressive Arterial Occlusion Suit * Partial-Pressure Suits * Pressure Breathing * S-1: Genesis of the Partial-Pressure Suit * S-2 and T-1: Production Partial-Pressure Suits * MC-1: Featherweight Suit * MB-1 and MB-2: Ill-Fated Air Defense Command Suits * MC-3 and MC-4: Dragon Ladies and Hustlers * MC-3A Specials: Manhigh, Excelsior, and Stargazer * CSU-2/P: Attempt to Improve the MC-4 * C-1A and C-4: Navy Capstan Suits * CSU-4/P and CSU-5/P: Bladders Only * HAPS-NASA Dryden High-Altitude Protective System * Navy Full-Pressure Suits * Russell Colley, Again * Mark I * Mark II * Mark III * Mark IV * Mark IV Suits for Strato-Lab * Mark V * Project Mercury Spacesuits * Air Force Full-Pressure Suits * Lines of Nonextension * MC-2: A New Beginning * A/P22S-2: Production USAF Full-Pressure Suits * Sidebar: The Evolving Pressure Suit Depot * A/P22S-3: A Navy Suit for the Air Force * A/P22S-4 and A/P22S-6: Evolving the Concept Boyle's Law Suit * PHAFO: The Stillborn High-Altitude Flying Outfit * Special Project Suits * S901 and S970:Suits for Oxcart * S-100: Hybrid Suit for the Original U-2 * S901J: Initial Suit for Senior Crown * S1010: A Suit for Dragon Lady * S1031C: Common Suit * S1034: Improved Common Suit * Shrinking Industrial Base * Space Shuttle Pressure Suits * ISSA and EIS: Stillborn Space Shuttle Suits * S1030A: Ejection Escape System...

Author : Dennis R. Jenkins
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 18,59 MB
Release :
Category :
ISBN : 9780160915604

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The definitive story of pressure suits began long ago and has involved a great many people who aided in perfecting the present state of the art, as this book well chronicles. Many of these people were visionaries who anticipated the need for such highly specialized equipment long before it could actually be employed in any practical application. A remarkable number of pressure suit designs were developed early on, the vast majority of which never made it into flight, amounting to little more than science projects. Nonetheless, these early “experiments” informed later work, which led to practical pressure suits when they were needed for high altitude flight. All successful pressure suit designs have been the result of efforts to address a specific need in a specific application, beginning with Wiley Post’s pressure suit designed for use in his Lockheed Vega, the Winnie Mae. Long considered the granddaddy of modern pressure suits, Post’s suit was employed principally for protection from hypoxia rather than decompression sickness, since his Lockheed Vega’s altitude ceiling was 50,000 feet. The first operational full-pressure suit employed (in the D-558-2 Douglas Sky-Rocket) for flight above 50,000 feet was also the result of a collaboration between suit designers and pilot (Scott Crossfield). This close collaboration continued on for the development of the landmark full pressure suit for the X-15 program. The X-15 suit first employed link-net material, originally conceived for the neck section of early U-2 pilots. Helmets aid pressurized mobility, for the entire restraint layer of the suit. This unique material greatly facilitated custom suit fitting and enhanced pilot comfort and remains in use to the present. Thus, the X-15 suit is really the granddaddy of modern-day pressure suits as it led directly to the standardized military full-pressure suits that followed and continue to be used in service to the present. Further, the X-15’s high performance required that the pressure suit be capable of withstanding exposure to extreme altitudes, temperatures, and high-Q ejections, thus setting the stage to satisfy similar requirements for later programs, namely the A-12, SR-71, XB-70 and Space Shuttle.

Author : KOZLOSKI LILLIAN D
Publisher : Smithsonian Books (DC)
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 45,48 MB
Release : 1994-01-17
Category : History
ISBN :

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"With more than 150 illustrations, most from the Smithsonian Institution's National Air and Space Museum photo archive, U.S. Space Gear introduces students and space buffs to the development of the American space suit. From the earliest days of flight, design of comfortable yet protective flying clothing has proved almost as great a challenge as the creation of airplanes and spacecraft. As advancing technologies carried pilots nearer to space, suits were needed to duplicate the earth's atmosphere - its pressure, oxygen supply, and temperature." "Lillian Kozloski shows how researchers and suit designers culled life-saving ideas from sources both expected and obscure: deep-sea divers' equipment, the pressurized inner tubes of car tires, tomato worms, and medieval armor. Combinations of these ideas led to the protective garments still worn by high-flying pilots and to the full pressure suit, which became the modern space suit. Synthetic materials, such as Nomex, Mylar, and Kevlar, also played a significant role in making space clothing a reality." "U.S. Space Gear covers the development of the suits for each manned spaceflight program (Mercury, Gemini, Apollo, Skylab, and the present-day Shuttle) and the care and maintenance of space clothing." "Conservators, museum specialists, and others who work with textiles will appreciate the historical information on textiles used in space suits and the National Air and Space Museum protocols for handling newer synthetics that are ideal for short-term high performance in space but often cannot stand up to the more mundane rigors of museum display."--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Author : Bill Ayrey
Publisher :
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 22,50 MB
Release : 2020-10-06
Category :
ISBN : 9780813066578

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The design processes behind a giant leap for mankind Neil Armstrong in a space suit on the moon remains an iconic representation of America's technological ingenuity. Few know that the Model A-7L pressure suit worn by the Apollo 11 astronauts, and the Model A-7LB that replaced it in 1971, originated at ILC Industries (now ILC Dover, LP), an obscure Delaware industrial firm. Longtime ILC space suit test engineer Bill Ayrey draws on original files and photographs to tell the dramatic story of the company's role in the Apollo Program. Though respected for its early designs, ILC failed to win NASA's faith. When the government called for new suit concepts in 1965, ILC had to plead for consideration before NASA gave it a mere six weeks to come up with a radically different design. ILC not only met the deadline but won the contract. That underdog success led to its greatest challenge: winning a race against time to create a suit that would determine the success or failure of the Apollo missions--and life or death for the astronauts. A fascinating behind-the-scenes history of a vital component of the space program, Lunar Outfitters goes inside the suit that made it possible for human beings to set foot on the Moon.

Author : Bill Ayrey
Publisher : University Press of Florida
Page : 472 pages
File Size : 11,33 MB
Release : 2020-09-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 081306564X

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The design processes behind a giant leap for mankind Neil Armstrong in a space suit on the moon remains an iconic representation of America’s technological ingenuity. Few know that the Model A-7L pressure suit worn by the Apollo 11 astronauts, and the Model A-7LB that replaced it in 1971, originated at ILC Industries (now ILC Dover, LP), an obscure Delaware industrial firm. Longtime ILC space suit test engineer Bill Ayrey draws on original files and photographs to tell the dramatic story of the company’s role in the Apollo Program. Though respected for its early designs, ILC failed to win NASA’s faith. When the government called for new suit concepts in 1965, ILC had to plead for consideration before NASA gave it a mere six weeks to come up with a radically different design. ILC not only met the deadline but won the contract. That underdog success led to its greatest challenge: winning a race against time to create a suit that would determine the success or failure of the Apollo missions—and life or death for the astronauts. A fascinating behind-the-scenes history of a vital component of the space program, Lunar Outfitters goes inside the suit that made it possible for human beings to set foot on the moon.

Author : Dennis R. Jenkins
Publisher : Government Printing Office
Page : 540 pages
File Size : 34,40 MB
Release : 2012-08-27
Category : Antiques & Collectibles
ISBN : 9780160901102

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"Since its earliest days, flight has been about pushing the limits of technology and, in many cases, pushing the limits of human endurance. The human body can be the limiting factor in the design of aircraft and spacecraft. Humans cannot survive unaided at high altitudes. There have been a number of books written on the subject of spacesuits, but the literature on the high-altitude pressure suits is lacking. This volume provides a high-level summary of the technological development and operational use of partial- and full-pressure suits, from the earliest models to the current high altitude, full-pressure suits used for modern aviation, as well as those that were used for launch and entry on the Space Shuttle. The goal of this work is to provide a resource on the technology for suits designed to keep humans alive at the edge of space."--NTRS Web site.

Author : Jan Barbree
Publisher : Macmillan
Page : 468 pages
File Size : 23,86 MB
Release : 2014-07-08
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 1466836342

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Much has been written about Neil Armstrong, America's modern hero and history's most famous space traveler. Yet shy of fame and never one to steal the spotlight Armstrong was always reluctant to discuss his personal side of events. Here for the first time is the definitive story of Neil's life of flight he shared for five decades with a trusted friend – Jay Barbree. Working from 50 years of conversations he had with Neil, from notes, interviews, NASA spaceflight transcripts, and remembrances of those Armstrong trusted, Barbree writes about Neil's three passions – flight, family, and friends. This is the inside story of Neil Armstrong from the time he flew combat missions in the Korean War and then flew a rocket plane called the X-15 to the edge of space, to when he saved his Gemini 8 by flying the first emergency return from Earth orbit and then flew Apollo-Eleven to the moon's Sea of Tranquility. Together Neil and Jay discussed everything, from his love of flying, to the war years, and of course his time in space. The book is full of never-before-seen photos and personal details written down for the first time, including what Armstrong really felt when he took that first step on the moon, what life in NASA was like, his relationships with the other astronauts, and what he felt the future of space exploration should be. As the only reporter to have covered all 166 American astronaut flights and moon landings Jay knows these events intimately. Neil Armstrong himself said, "Barbree is history's most experienced space journalist. He is exceptionally well qualified to recall and write the events and emotions of our time." Through his friendship with Neil and his dedicated research, Barbree brings us the most accurate account of his friend's life of flight, the book he planned for twenty years.

Author : Manfred "Dutch" von Ehrenfired
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 38,6 MB
Release : 2013-12-13
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 3319029010

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Just what does it take to be a stratonaut, soaring to higher and higher altitudes of Earth's atmosphere? Brave men and women have reached extreme heights in balloons, aircraft and rocket ships over the past two centuries, from the first untethered balloon flight to the first flights in the newly defined stratosphere, through to the present flights that continue to set new records. This book defines the altitudes related to the stratosphere, how it changes with latitude and the effects on ascending aviators. Also described is how over time technology enabled aircraft and balloons to achieve higher altitudes. The book shows the clear influence of the military on designs that initially focused on speed and maneuverability, but only later on reaching new altitudes. The early flights into the troposphere and eventually the mid to upper reaches of the stratosphere are chronicled, with great emphasis on flight operations. This includes decompression, bailouts, inertia coupling, ejections, catastrophic disintegration, crashes and deaths. Although the book highlights major altitude attempts and records, it also focuses on the life-threatening problems confronting the would-be stratonaut and the causes of many of their deaths. In doing so, it tries to define just what it takes to be a stratonaut.