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Research Paper (undergraduate) from the year 2005 in the subject Sociology - Social System and Social Structure, grade: A, San Diego State University (Sociology), language: English, abstract: In both Germany and the United States, Social Security matters declined in the last decade, be it the money for unemployed people, for pensioners or the tuition for students. In this paper, it should be investigated how the reforms changed the welfare state system, and how the discussions were led in the US and in Germany. By investigating surveys, newspapers and political party programs, I investigate which kind of notion of a citizen lies beyond the debates in these countries. In what kind of social state are people living, what image of a citizen do they have and how are debates about welfare state programs led? Which kind of words and which values are used in the current debates? For this investigation, it will firstly also be explained which theoretical notions of social citizenship and of the welfare state will be taken into consideration for the my investigation.
This is the first comprehensive study of the turbulent relationship among state, society, and church in the making of the modern German welfare system during the Weimar Republic. Young-Sun Hong examines the competing conceptions of poverty, citizenship, family, and authority held by the state bureaucracy, socialists, bourgeois feminists, and the major religious and humanitarian welfare organizations. She shows how these conceptions reflected and generated bitter conflict in German society. And she argues that this conflict undermined parliamentary government within the welfare sector in a way that paralleled the crisis of the entire Weimar political system and created a situation in which the Nazi critique of republican "welfare" could acquire broad political resonance. The book begins by tracing the transformation of Germany's traditional, disciplinary poor-relief programs into a modern, bureaucratized and professionalized social welfare system. It then shows how, in the second half of the republic, attempts by both public and voluntary welfare organizations to reduce social insecurity by rationalizing working-class family life and reproduction alienated welfare reformers and recipients alike from both the welfare system and the Republic itself. Hong concludes that, in the welfare sector, the most direct continuity between the republican welfare system and the social policies of Nazi Germany is to be found not in the pathologies of progressive social engineering, but rather in the rejection of the moral and political foundations of the republican welfare system by eugenic welfare reformers and their Nazi supporters. Originally published in 1998. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Seminar paper from the year 2002 in the subject Politics - Political systems in general and in comparison, grade: 1,7 (A-), Free University of Berlin (JFK Institute for North American Studies), course: Governance and the Restructuring of the Welfare state: Comparing the US and Germany, language: English, abstract: This paper deals with the problem of the welfare state in two states subordinated to two different welfare regimes: conservative-corporatist (Germany) and liberal regime (United States). Having in mind, that this a very wide and multidimensional problematic, it will be limited only to the changes in welfare systems mainly in the 1990s seen from the perspective of gender relations and women′s situation in welfare. In short, this paper will focus on the German reunification and the changes it exerted on the women′s situation in former GDR. Then it will present briefly policy towards women and families under Chancellor KOHL′s governance. Regarding the USA, welfare reform of 1996 will mainly be discussed - the Personal Responsibility Act - preparations, contents, and the effect. Afterwards, the reaction of the feminist societies on the changes in the American welfare will be presented. Before the main part, as a starting point, the differences between Germany and the US as two states representing two different welfare regimes will be briefly presented. This comparison will be based on the ESPING-ANDERSEN model that was introduced to the study of welfare at the beginning of 1990′s. The feminist critique on basic assumptions of ESPING-ANDERSEN′s classification shall not also be omited.
This work examines the concept of citizenship in relation to social policy, in the context of the rapidly changing European welfare states. Leading academics analyse concrete changes in social rights and citizenship roles, and offer theoretical investigations of citizenship and the welfare state. Issues discussed include: · citizenship versus residence as a basis for social rights · the relationship between rights and obligations · workers rights and non-workers rights · exclusion and inclusion in the labour market and community life · the relationship between social and political citizenship · poverty and social exclusion · new roles for citizens as clients, consumers and participants in the welfare state
Thesis (M.A.) from the year 2005 in the subject Politics - Political Systems - Germany, grade: sehr gut, London School of Economics, language: English, abstract: Economic globalisation seems to have intensified the claims that an extensive national welfare state is no longer sustainable under high exposure to global competition. However, the evidence for significant welfare dismantlement in Germany is missing. In this dissertation, I endeavour to analyse, why globalisation does not seem to have had any significant impact on the German welfare state in terms of serious downwards reform. I contend that the actual impact of economic globalisation on the national welfare state depends a great deal, on how it is interpreted domestically. Hence, I would like to regard the impact of globalisation not only as an exogenous force, but also as a result of what national policy makers, media, electorate, etc. interpret it to entail. In other words, although globalisation really seems to strain existing welfare structures, policy makers still have a considerable scope how to react to these pressures. For my endeavour, I introduce a historical institutionalist framework of path-dependency, which I confront with a social constructivist framework. Prima facie, the path-dependency theorem seems to hold for the German welfare state. However, I claim that a social constructivist angle is able to illuminate how the institutional constraints propagated by the path-dependency thesis can be overcome. Institutional constraints continue to impede welfare reform in German only because the German political elite failed to socially construct the imperative of reform in public discourse, leaving the great majority of the German population unwilling to accept fundamental cutbacks in social benefits. I argue that the Schröder administration attempted to legitimise cutbacks in social services through referring to exogenous pressures of globalisation. In addition, the media discusses the increased need for welfare state reform in the context of globalisation. Although, there seems to be a trend of mounting acceptance of welfare reform among the German population, the general level for support of such measures remains low. I attempt to show that the notion of globalisation on its own appears unable socially construct the public acceptance of serious welfare state reform. Hence, the most likely scenario for the near future of the German welfare state seems the absence of reform until the prolonged economic crisis legitimises significant transformations of the current system.
In this timely collection of essays, leading American and German scholars analyse immigrant incorporation into the welfare state from a comparative economic, social, and political viewpoint by applying data from the 1980s and 1990s. New insights are revealed into how ethnic stratification and socioeconomic integration is promoted by specific programs and other institutionalized policies in education, labour markets, and welfare. This volume will be an important resource not only to scholars and students in economics and the social and political sciences, but also for professionals in education, social work, journalism, politics, and community groups.
In this timely collection of essays, leading American and German scholars analyse immigrant incorporation into the welfare state from a comparative economic, social, and political viewpoint by applying data from the 1980s and 1990s.
Despite increased political and public interest in asylum issues in the UK, little has been written on the topic. This book, written by leading experts in the field, is the first to examine the role of refugee community organisations (RCOs) at a critical point of policy change.--