[PDF] Case Studies In Forensic Epidemiology eBook

Author : Sana Loue
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 211 pages
File Size : 17,85 MB
Release : 2007-05-08
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0306475243

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Epidemiology has often been defined as the study of the distribution of disease, together with the distribution of factors that may modify that risk of disease. As such, epidemiology has often been reduced to a methodology only, providing a mechanism for the study of disease that is somehow removed, separate and apart from the populations that serve as its focus. Epidemiology, however, is much more than that. The discipline p- vides a way of perceiving and knowing the world, and of relating to the c- munities whose health and disease patterns we are trying to understand. As such, its usefulness extends past the construction of questionnaires, the detective work inherent in tracing the source of an infection or the analysis of data. Rather, epidemiology serves as a point of reference and a linkage between various domains of reality: in the courtroom, between a com- nity’s injuries and those alleged to be responsible for those violations; between the community striving to effectuate changes to improve its health and environment and the lawmakers and policymakers whose actions may dictate or control the likelihood of that change; and between “mainstream” populations and those who become or remain marginalized and stigmatized due to disease or perceived disease.

Author : Sana Loue
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 163 pages
File Size : 40,90 MB
Release : 2013-04-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1461467381

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As globalization causes profound changes in business, industry, and trade,it can also have significant effects on populations, environments, and individuals.These effects may be harmful, resulting in injury or illness, prompting the critical question: How best to correct wrongs caused to individuals, communities, and/or the environment of one country by the actions of individuals or corporations of another? Possible answers lie in an emerging discipline. Forensic Epidemiology in the Global Context opens meaningful windows onto the processes of forensic epidemiology, the roles of the epidemiologist in civil disputes, and the potential contribution of the field to legal and justice efforts worldwide. Case examples from the U.K., Nigeria, Ecuador, Romania, and Australia illustrate commonly used methodologies and the challenges involved in their use in U.S. and international courts of law. A chapter on expert testimony takes readers through qualification and admissibility issues, report requirements, and working with attorneys. Included in the coverage: Forensic epidemiology in the international legal arena. The epidemiologist as an expert in litigation. Epidemiological evidence in tort law: dispatches from the U.K. Liability for occupational exposure: the role of epidemiology. Forensic epidemiology and environmental justice. Forensic epidemiology, pathology, ethnics, and human rights. By emphasizing both the scientific and legal components of the equation, Forensic Epidemiology in the Global Context gives researchers and graduate students in epidemiology a unique and timely guide to the present and future of an increasingly salient field.

Author : J. Sanders
Publisher :
Page : 1 pages
File Size : 46,5 MB
Release : 2004
Category : Epidemiologic Methods
ISBN :

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This volume is intended to be a textbook on the intersection of law and epidemiology. The book is divided into four parts: epidemiology in the courtroom, epidemiology in legislation and administrative rule making, community organization and advocacy group use of epidemiology in advocacy efforts designed to change law, and a final section on the role of epidemiological research in social debates about deviance. Each part of the book includes an introductory chapter that sets forth general issues, followed by two "case study" chapters that are designed to flesh out the issues in a particular area. Chapter 1 begins the first part with a very useful introductory summary of epidemiological methods and an introductory overview of the law of torts. The chapter compares and contrasts standards for the proof of causation in each area. Chapter 2 is a "case study" of the silicone breast implant litigation, and Chapter 3 a "case study" of a lawsuit involving an E. coli outbreak in which the author was an expert witness.

Author : Sana Loue
Publisher : SIU Press
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 46,62 MB
Release : 1999
Category : Epidemiology
ISBN : 9780809322220

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Sana Loue explores the concepts of legal and epidemiological causation, the use of epidemiological data based on populations to determine causation in an individual case, and the use of epidemiological evidence in litigation, including the reliance on experts and expert witnesses. Loue provides a guide for the attorney with little or no background in epidemiological theory and for the epidemiologist contemplating a new role as an expert witness. She assumes of her readers a working knowledge of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and the Federal Rules of Evidence. Discussing the epidemiologist as expert witness, Loue covers the nature of that testimony, the purpose of the testimony, and the qualifications necessary to be regarded as an expert witness. She examines various legal theories of causation, primarily in the context of product liability and toxic tort, and addresses epidemiological principles and methods used in the process of causal inference. Loue also focuses on legal mechanisms used to assess causation. Her concern here is with depositions and testimony and the preparation of epidemiology experts. She concludes her study by comparing the legal and epidemiological concepts of causation, using actual legal cases as examples. Throughout the text, Loue incorporates excerpts from depositions, interrogatories, and trial testimony to provide concrete examples. She also sets up an appendix to provide nonattorney readers with an overview of the legal system. Ultimately, her goal is to foster a greater understanding between law and epidemiology.

Author : Michael Freeman
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 436 pages
File Size : 17,83 MB
Release : 2016-03-10
Category : Law
ISBN : 0124046444

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It is an inescapable fact that causation, both generally (in populations), and specifically (in individuals), cannot be observed. Rather, causation is determined when it can be inferred that the risk of an observed injury or disease from a plausible cause is greater than the risk from other plausible causes. While many causal evaluations performed in forensic medicine are simplified by the fact that the circumstances surrounding the onset of an injury or disease clearly rules out competing causes (eg, a death following a fall), there are many cases that present a more complicated picture. It is these types of investigations, in which an analysis of comparative levels of risk from competing causes is needed to arrive at a reliable and accurate determination of the most likely cause, that forensic epidemiology (FE) is directed at.In Forensic Epidemiology, the authors present the legal and scientific theories underlying the methods by which risk is used in the investigation of individual causation. Methods and principles from epidemiology are combined with those from a multitude of other disciplines, including general medicine, pharmacology, forensic pathology, biostatistics, and biomechanics, inter alia, as a basis for investigating the plausibility of injury and disease exposures and mechanisms. The ultimate determination of the probability of causation (PC) results from an assessment of the strength of association of the investigated relationship in the individual, based on a comparison between the risk of disease or injury from the investigated exposure versus the risk of the same disease or injury occurring at the same point in time in the individual, but absent the exposure. The principles and methods described in Forensic Epidemiology will be of interest to those who work and study in the fields of forensic medicine, epidemiology, and the law. Historical perspective on how epidemiologic evidence of causation has been used in courts in the US and Europe Theory and science underlying the use of risk to assess individual causation Primer on epidemiologic methods, and various measures used to arrive at individualized comparative risk assessments and PC The use of statistical methods applied to publicly available data for ad hoc analysis of PC applicable to the specific circumstances of a case Background on complementary disciplines, including forensic pathology, death investigation, biomechanics, and survival analysis Examples of applied FE in the investigation of traffic injury and death, automotive and other product defect litigation, medical negligence, and criminal prosecution and defense

Author : Steven A. Koehler
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 25,14 MB
Release : 2009-08-26
Category : Law
ISBN : 1420063286

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After 9/11, forensic epidemiology emerged as a leading investigative tool, partnering public health officers with law enforcement like never before. Based on the authors first-hand experience, Forensic Epidemiology brings to light the vast amounts of information collected by medical examiners that will be useful in advancing death investigation te

Author : Sana Loue
Publisher : Jones & Bartlett Publishers
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 39,45 MB
Release : 2010-10-25
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 1449617565

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One of the only texts of its kind! Forensic Epidemiology bridges the gap between public health, law enforcement and criminal justice. This title is a multi-faceted resource which can be used by both students and professionals to understand this new and emerging field.

Author : Dworkin
Publisher : Jones & Bartlett Publishers
Page : 481 pages
File Size : 20,24 MB
Release : 2010-10-22
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 1449617638

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Accounts of field investigations, with much related personal information, written by scientists working in the field of epidemiology.

Author : Steven A. Koehler
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 295 pages
File Size : 35,66 MB
Release : 2009-08-26
Category : Law
ISBN : 1040084036

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After 9/11, forensic epidemiology emerged as a leading investigative tool, partnering public health officers with law enforcement like never before. Based on the authors first-hand experience, Forensic Epidemiology brings to light the vast amounts of information collected by medical examiners that will be useful in advancing death investigation te

Author : Gregory A. DiLisi
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Page : 174 pages
File Size : 30,50 MB
Release : 2020-07-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 1681738775

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This book focuses on a forensics-style re-examination of several historical events. The purpose of these studies is to afford readers the opportunity to apply basic principles of physics to unsolved mysteries and controversial events in order to settle the historical debate. We identify nine advantages of using case studies as a pedagogical approach to understanding forensic physics. Each of these nine advantages is the focus of a chapter of this book. Within each chapter, we show how a cascade of unlikely events resulted in an unpredictable catastrophe and use introductory-level physics to analyze the outcome. Armed with the tools of a good forensic physicist, the reader will realize that the historical record is far from being a set of agreed upon immutable facts; instead, it is a living, changing thing that is open to re-visitation, re-examination, and re-interpretation.