[PDF] Breast And Cervical Cancer Screening In Rural And Border Texas eBook

Author : Derek Sean Falk
Publisher :
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 24,51 MB
Release : 2018
Category :
ISBN :

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This dissertation considers an evaluation of the health education and patient navigation (PN) intervention, Friend to Friend plus Patient Navigation Program (FTF+PN). In 2010, the Texas A & M AgriLife Extension Service was awarded outreach education funding by the Cancer Prevention Research Institute of Texas (CPRIT) to adapt the evidence-based program, Friend to Friend (FTF) in rural and border counties in Texas. FTF consists of “pink parties” intended for an audience of lower income, un-/underinsured women aged 40+ who may be disabled, self-employed, and/or have limited English proficiency (LEP). Increased funding in 2012 supported the addition of four, fulltime equivalent patient navigators to join the team of four, full-time equivalent regional cancer prevention specialists to allow for follow-up and active support for women to obtain the screenings. FTF+PN seeks to build an effective, sustainable infrastructure and overcome barriers to breast and cervical screening and diagnostic services to increase screening rates for underserved, un-/under-insured, and older women in approximately 60 rural and border counties. The goal is to increase the number of women screened according to American Cancer Society (ACS) guidelines for breast and cervical cancer, thereby increasing the probability any cancers detected would be diagnosed in earlier stages. At the time, ACS guidelines recommended annual mammograms for women aged 40-54 and biannual mammograms for those aged 55+ with average risk of breast cancer. For cervical cancer screenings, recommendations included Pap tests every 3 years for women aged 21-29 and every 5 years for women aged 30-65 with no additional screenings needed for women aged 65+ if their previous results were normal. The goal of this evaluation is to demonstrate the efficacy of combining PN, a patient-centered healthcare delivery model that utilizes trained lay navigators to integrate a fragmented system of care in order to reduce barriers to timely care for individuals and subsequently reduce disparities for population groups, with a health education intervention adapted for rural and border Texas. Screening outcomes are also evaluated in light of county-level poverty rates and educational attainment to provide more comprehensive statistical models advancing scientific understanding of screening behavior among varying groups of women.

Author : Thomas Nuño
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 44,94 MB
Release : 2011
Category : Breast
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Breast and cervical cancer disparities among Hispanic and American Indian women are a significant public health problem. Breast cancer is the most common neoplasm among Hispanic women. Cervical cancer has a higher incidence and mortality among Hispanic women compared to non-Hispanic White women. Breast cancer detection often comes late for American Indian women and breast cancer survival for this population is relatively poor. Hispanic and American Indian women who reside in rural areas of Arizona are especially at-risk of non-participation in breast and cervical cancer screening programs. This dissertation utilized data from two sources: a health-education intervention trial designed to increase mammography screening among women living in a rural area along the U.S.-Mexico border of Arizona and survey data from multiple years of the Arizona Behavioral Risk Factor Survey (BRFS) focusing on breast and cervical cancer screening self-reported behaviors. The purpose of the dissertation research was to identify factors associated with cancer screening behaviors among Hispanic and American Indian women that reside in rural Arizona settings. Hispanic women who participated in the 'promotora'-based educational intervention program were more likely to report receiving a mammogram at the followup compared to women who did not participate in the program. Results from both the baseline community survey and the BRFS showed that Hispanic women who received prior recommendations from a clinician to get both mammography and Pap smear were more likely to report they received a mammogram within the past year and a Pap smear within the past three years. Rural Hispanic and American Indian women reported lower rates of ever having had breast and cervical cancer screening compared to their urban counterparts. Breast and cervical cancer screening use in these populations can potentially be increased with at least two strategies. First, clinician recommendation of both mammograms and Pap smears and opportunistic screening during regular clinic visits may increase breast and cervical cancer screening coverage. Secondly, culturally-appropriate interventions that utilize 'promotoras' or lay health advisors could increase screening rates. In conclusion, Hispanic and American Indian women that reside in rural areas of Arizona, whether throughout the State or along the U.S.-Mexico border, are two underserved populations in Arizona with low rates of breast and cervical cancer screening that need to be addressed in order to reduce the burden of cancer in these populations.

Author : Monica Saavedra-Embesi
Publisher :
Page : 50 pages
File Size : 13,1 MB
Release : 2008
Category : Breast
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Setting. The data collection took place in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas, which includes Cameron, Hidalgo, and Willacy counties.