[PDF] Black Representation And Urban Policy eBook

Author : Albert Karnig
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 25,83 MB
Release : 1980-12
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780226425344

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Recent years have witnessed a dramatic growth in the number of black elected officials. Although blacks still constitute barely 1 percent of elected officeholders in the nation, their increasing political power cannot be denied. In Black Representation and Urban Policy, Albert K. Karnig and Susan Welch focus on the election of blacks to mayoral and city council seats, using the most current data available on more than 250 cities. They address two major questions: What conditions promote blacks' chances of winning election to public office? Does the election of blacks to municipal office have an effect on urban policy? In exploring the factors that underlie the election of blacks to public office, the authors found that the resources of the black community itself—the size as well as the education and income of the black population—are the best predictors of blacks' winning political office. The authors' assessment of the impact of black elected officials on urban policy constitutes perhaps their most profoundly important finding. Cities with black mayors have had greater increases in social welfare expenditures than have similar communities without black mayors. The authors point out that election of blacks to mayoral posts, then, can have more than symbolic consequences for public policy.

Author : June Manning Thomas
Publisher : SAGE Publications, Incorporated
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 21,70 MB
Release : 1997
Category : Political Science
ISBN :

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Clarifying the historical connections between the African-American population in the United States and the urban planning profession, this book suggests means by which cooperation and justice may be increased. Chapters examine: the racial origins of zoning in US cities; how Eurocentric family models have shaped planning processes of cities such as Los Angeles; and diversifying planning education in order to advance the profession. There is also a chapter of excerpts from court cases and government reports that have shaped or reflected the racial aspects of urban planning.

Author : Diane E. Davis
Publisher :
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 17,20 MB
Release : 2019
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0190875704

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Transforming Urban Transport brings into focus the origins and implementation pathways of significant urban transport innovations that have recently been adopted in major, democratically governed world cities that are seeking to advance sustainability aims. It documents how proponents of new transportation initiatives confronted a range of administrative, environmental, fiscal, and political obstacles by using a range of leadership skills, technical resources, and negotiation capacities to move a good idea from the drawing board to implementation. The book's eight case studies focus on cities of great interest across the globe--Los Angeles, Mexico City, New York, Paris, San Francisco, Seoul, Stockholm, and Vienna--many of which are known for significant mayor leadership and efforts to rescale power from the nation to the city. The cases highlight innovations likely to be of interest to transport policy makers from all corners, such as strengthening public transportation services, vehicle and traffic management measures, repurposing roads and other urban spaces away from their initial function as vehicle travel corridors, and turning sidewalks and city streets into more pedestrian-friendly places for walking, cycling, and leisure. Aside from their transformative impacts in transportation terms, many of the policy innovations examined here have altered planning institutions, public-private sector relations, civil society commitments, and governance mandates in the course of implementation. In bringing these cases to the fore, Transforming Urban Transport advances understanding of the conditions under which policy interventions can expand institutional capacities and governance mandates, particularly linked to urban sustainability. As such, it is an essential contribution to larger debates about what it takes to make cities more environmentally sustainable and the types of strategies and tactics that best advance progress on these fronts in both the short- and the long-term.

Author : Steven Gregory
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 41,14 MB
Release : 1999-06-10
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0691029369

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This study examines political culture and activism in an African-American neighbourhood in New York City. It challenges the view that black urban communities are "socially disorganized", and demonstrates how African-Americans construct political identities and institutions through their struggles.

Author : National Urban League
Publisher : University Press of America
Page : 108 pages
File Size : 22,19 MB
Release : 1988
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN :

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It is no exaggeration to say that black America is, once again, at a momentous crossroad. The central issue is what policy direction the nation will adopt in the post-Reagan era. The articles here put into sharp focus the present condition of blacks in selected areas, detail the impact of recent policy initiatives on these conditions, and delineate the League's considered proposals for improvement, following an incisive commentary that discusses some of the broader policy. This is an important reference for policymakers and scholars concerning the contemporary problems facing black America as the nation approaches the uncertainties of the twenty-first century.

Author : John Betancur
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 26,22 MB
Release : 2013-10-28
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 1136536035

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This edited collection examines joint efforts by Latinos and African Americans to confront problems faced by populations of both groups in urban settings (in particular, socioeconomic disadvantage and concentration in inner cities). The essays address two major issues: experiences and bases for collaboration and contention between the two groups; and the impact of urban policies and initiatives of recent decades on Blacks and Latinos in central cities.

Author : Daniel Patrick Moynihan
Publisher : New York : Basic Books
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 30,55 MB
Release : 1970
Category : Social Science
ISBN :

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Compilation of papers on the need for a national level urban area policy in the USA - covers urban planning, urbanization, urban transport, housing, population trends, rural migration, health, community development, discrimination and Black education, the problem of poverty, sociological aspects, etc. References.

Author : William G. Howell
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 366 pages
File Size : 19,87 MB
Release : 2005-04-01
Category : Education
ISBN : 0815797699

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School boards are fighting for their survival. Almost everything that they do is subject to regulations handed down from city councils, state boards of education, legislatures, and courts. As recent mayoral and state takeovers in such cities as Baltimore, Chicago, and New York make abundantly clear, school boards that do not fulfill the expectations of other political players may be stripped of what few independent powers they still retain. Teachers unions exert growing influence over board decision-making processes. And with the passage of the No Child Left Behind Act, the federal government has aggressively inserted itself into matters of local education governance. B esieged is the first full-length volume in many years to systematically examine the politics that surround school boards. A group of highly renowned scholars, relying on both careful case studies and quantitative analyses, examine how school boards fare when they interact with their political superiors, teachers unions, and the public. For the most part, the picture that emerges is sobering: while school boards perform certain administrative functions quite well, the political pressures they face undermine their capacity to institute the wide-ranging school reforms that many voters and local leaders are currently demanding.

Author : Susan Welch
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 42,34 MB
Release : 1988
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780226893006

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Throughout this century, reformers have fought to eliminate party control of city politics. As a result, the majority of American cities today elect council members in at-large and nonpartisan elections. This result of the turn-of-the-century Progressive movement, which worked for election rules that eliminated the power of the urban machine and the working class on which it was based, is today still a subject of lively debate. For example, in the mid-1980s, regular Democrats in Chicago sought to institute a nonpartisan mayoral election. Supporters thought that reform would make the electoral process more democratic, while opponents charged that it was meant to dilute the voting powers of blacks. Clearly, the effect of urban reform remains an important issue for scholars and politicians alike. Susan Welch and Timothy Bledsoe clarify a portion of the debate by investigating how election structures affect candidates and the nature of representation. They examine the different effects of district versus at-large elections and of partisan versus nonpartisan elections. Who gets elected? Are representatives' socioeconomic status and party affiliation related to election form? Are election structures related to how those who are elected approach their jobs? Do they see themselves as representatives concerned with the good of the city as a whole? Urban Reform and Its Consequences reports an unprecedented wealth of data drawn from a sample of nearly 1,000 council members and communities with populations between 50,000 and 1 million across 42 states. The sample includes communities that use a variety of election procedures. This study is therefore the most comprehensive and accurate to date. Welch and Bledsoe conclude that nonpartisan and at-large elections do give city councils a more middle- and upper-middle-class character and have changed the way representatives view their jobs. Reform measures have not, however, produced councils that are significantly more conservative or more prone to conflict. Overall, the authors conclude that partisan and district elections are more likely to represent the whole community and to make the council more accountable to the electorate.

Author : Robert E. England
Publisher : CQ Press
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 12,62 MB
Release : 2016-05-06
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1506310516

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In Managing Urban America, Eighth Edition, the authors guide students through the politics of urban management—doing less with more while managing conflict, delivering goods and services, responding to federal and state mandates, adapting to changing demographics, and coping with economic and budgetary challenges. This revision: highlights the difficulties cities confront as they deal with the lingering economic challenges of the 2008 Recession evaluates the concept of e-government, and offers numerous examples in both theory and practice considers environmental issues and the implications for urban government management includes new case studies, including some with a global perspective as the authors examine the management of international cities thoroughly updates all data and scholarship.