[PDF] Atoms For Peace In The 21st Century eBook

Author : Donald J. Gillich
Publisher :
Page : 27 pages
File Size : 32,58 MB
Release : 2011
Category : Energy policy
ISBN :

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Eisenhower's Atoms for Peace speech to the UN in 1953 outlined U.S. policy to share peaceful uses of nuclear power with the rest of the world and provided the theoretical foundation of the nuclear technology control regime that has governed for over 50 years. With an impending energy crisis due to increased demand for fossil fuels, the U.S. must consider alternative energy sources that are environmentally friendly. Increased use of nuclear energy can provide the needed power not only domestically, but worldwide. Advances in the design of light water reactors have enhanced the safety, security and proliferation-resistance of new nuclear power plants. A closed nuclear fuel cycle concept in which the U.S. controls enriched and spent fuels may be the answer to the materials proliferation issue. The earthquake and tsunami in Japan on March 11, 2011 have propelled discussion of the safety and security of the world's nuclear power plants to the forefront of public dialogue. The time is right for the President to announce a new policy in an "Atoms for Peace Initiative for the 21st Century" speech to highlight a paradigm shift in the Nation's attitude to the increased use of nuclear power not only in the U.S. but throughout the world.

Author : Richard G. Hewlett
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 742 pages
File Size : 39,51 MB
Release : 2023-09-01
Category : History
ISBN : 0520329368

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This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1989.

Author : R. N. Schock
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 14,17 MB
Release : 2003
Category :
ISBN :

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This report draws on a series of international workshops held to mark the fiftieth anniversary of President Dwight D. Eisenhower's Atoms for Peace address before the United Nations General Assembly. A half-century after President Eisenhower's landmark speech, the world is vastly different, but mankind still faces the challenge he identified--gaining the benefits of nuclear technology in a way that limits the risks to security. Fifty years after Eisenhower declared that the people of the world should be ''armed with the significant facts of today's existence, '' the consequences of his bold vision should be evaluated to provide a foundation upon which to shape the next fifty years. Policy and technology communities cannot escape the legacy of a half-century of nuclear technology expansion. At the same time, citizens need to consider the future role of military and civilian nuclear technology in a global strategy to meet the challenges of the twenty-first century. The new century brought with it a set of contradictions regarding nuclear technology. Nuclear knowledge, technology, materials, and facilities have spread around the world, but control and management of the nuclear genie have not kept pace. The Cold War is over, but not the threat from weapons of mass destruction, including the prospect that nuclear, chemical, or biological weapons may get into the hands of terrorists. Nevertheless, mankind continues to explore the frontiers of technology, including nuclear technology. Public concern about nuclear safety and security--exacerbated by accidents, nuclear weapon proliferation, and terrorism--confronts major growth in applications of nuclear technology in nuclear power, medicine, agriculture, and industry. While some developed countries have essentially stopped civilian nuclear-power expansion, mainly for economic reasons, several developing states--notably China and India--plan increases in the nuclear generation of electricity. Ironically, while governments still seek answers to long-term, nuclear waste disposal, other concerns about the environmental health of the planet such as climate change, regional air pollution, and possible rising natural gas prices have also renewed interest in nuclear power, even in countries that once sought to terminate their own nuclear programs. Many of these contradictions can and will be resolved--for better or worse. A wide range of forces--economic, political, and technical--will determine the impact of nuclear technology in the future, and no consensus exists on the outcome. The significance of nuclear technology for civilian or military purposes may expand, contract, or remain the same. This suggests a matrix of basic possibilities from which we focus on five alternative futures: (1) More civilian/Less military significance, (2) Less civilian/Less military significance, (3) Less civilian/More military significance, and (4) More civilian/More military significance. Of course, changed circumstances could also result in (5) the significance of both civilian and military nuclear technologies remaining about the same as today. Experts offer compelling logic why each of these alternatives is more likely or desirable. For each of these futures or their modifications, a more comprehensive vision can be presented and specific measures recommended. Some call for a new nuclear ''compact'' or ''bargain'' to share benefits and reduce risks. No matter which alternative future emerges, however, dealing with the legacy of existing civilian and military nuclear materials and infrastructure will keep important nuclear issues active for the next half-century.

Author : Alexander Lanoszka
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 36,62 MB
Release : 2018-11-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1501729209

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Do alliances curb efforts by states to develop nuclear weapons? Atomic Assurance looks at what makes alliances sufficiently credible to prevent nuclear proliferation; how alliances can break down and so encourage nuclear proliferation; and whether security guarantors like the United States can use alliance ties to end the nuclear efforts of their allies. Alexander Lanoszka finds that military alliances are less useful in preventing allies from acquiring nuclear weapons than conventional wisdom suggests. Through intensive case studies of West Germany, Japan, and South Korea, as well as a series of smaller cases on Great Britain, France, Norway, Australia, and Taiwan, Atomic Assurance shows that it is easier to prevent an ally from initiating a nuclear program than to stop an ally that has already started one; in-theater conventional forces are crucial in making American nuclear guarantees credible; the American coercion of allies who started, or were tempted to start, a nuclear weapons program has played less of a role in forestalling nuclear proliferation than analysts have assumed; and the economic or technological reliance of a security-dependent ally on the United States works better to reverse or to halt that ally's nuclear bid than anything else. Crossing diplomatic history, international relations, foreign policy, grand strategy, and nuclear strategy, Lanoszka's book reworks our understanding of the power and importance of alliances in stopping nuclear proliferation.

Author : Joseph F Pilat
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 44,31 MB
Release : 2023-05-31
Category :
ISBN : 9780367749187

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This volume offers a wide-ranging examination and discussion of the International Atomic Energy Agency's (IAEA) past, present and future as it enters its seventh decade. Including contributions from leading experts across the globe, the book assesses the historical record of the IAEA; the issues and challenges it faces at present; and its future prospects. In doing so, it addresses the primary missions of the IAEA outlined in the IAEA's statute, i.e., to safeguard and promote the peaceful uses of nuclear energy, as well as the missions over which it is expanding its mandate, including nuclear safety and security. The volume is divided into two parts: Part I focuses on historical recollections and reflections of participants in key events, ranging from a personal account of the initial negotiations of the IAEA to an account by its chairman on the dynamics of the Board of Governors in recent years. Part II covers current and future issues in the IAEA's role in nuclear safeguards, the peaceful uses of nuclear energy, and nuclear safety and security. This book will be of much interest to students of nuclear proliferation and arms control, global governance and international security in general.

Author : George P. Shultz
Publisher : Hoover Press
Page : 255 pages
File Size : 42,88 MB
Release : 2020-11-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0817924361

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The world is at an inflection point. Advancing technologies are creating new opportunities and challenges. Great demographic changes are occurring rapidly, with significant consequences. Governance everywhere is in disarray. A new world is emerging. These are some of the key insights to emerge from a series of interdisciplinary roundtables and global expert contributions hosted by the Hoover Institution. In these pages, George P. Shultz and James Timbie examine a range of issues shaping our present and future, region by region. Concrete proposals address migration, reversing the decline of K–12 education, updating the social safety net, maintaining economic productivity, protecting our democratic processes, improving national security, and more. Meeting these transformational challenges will require international cooperation, constructive engagement, and strong governance. The United States is well positioned to ride this wave of change—and lead other nations in doing the same.