[PDF] Applying Nonideal Theory To Bioethics eBook

Author : Elizabeth Victor
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 415 pages
File Size : 12,49 MB
Release : 2021-08-03
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 3030725030

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This book offers new essays exploring concepts and applications of nonideal theory in bioethics. Nonideal theory refers to an analytic approach to moral and political philosophy (especially in relation to justice), according to which we should not assume that there will be perfect compliance with principles, that there will be favorable circumstances for just institutions and right action, or that reasoners are capable of being impartial. Nonideal theory takes the world as it actually is, in all of its imperfections. Bioethicists have called for greater attention to how nonideal theory can serve as a guide in the messy realities they face daily. Although many bioethicists implicitly assume nonideal theory in their work, there is the need for more explicit engagement with this theoretical outlook. A nonideal approach to bioethics would start by examining the sociopolitical realities of healthcare and the embeddedness of moral actors in those realities. How are bioethicists to navigate systemic injustices when completing research, giving guidance for patient care, and contributing to medical and public health policies? When there are no good options and when moral agents are enmeshed in their sociopolitical viewpoints, how should moral theorizing proceed? What do bioethical issues and principles look like from the perspective of historically marginalized persons? These are just a few of the questions that motivate nonideal theory within bioethics. This book begins in Part I with an overview of the foundational tenets of nonideal theory, what nonideal theory can offer bioethics, and why it may be preferable to ideal theory in addressing moral dilemmas in the clinic and beyond. In Part II, authors discuss applications of nonideal theory in many areas of bioethics, including reflections on environmental harms, racism and minority health, healthcare injustices during incarceration and detention, and other vulnerabilities experienced by patients from clinical and public health perspectives. The chapters within each section demonstrate the breadth in scope that nonideal theory encompasses, bringing together diverse theorists and approaches into one collection.

Author : David DeGrazia
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 46,98 MB
Release : 2021-08-26
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 1316515834

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Offers a compelling theory of bioethics, covering medical assistance-in-dying, the right to health care, abortion, animal research, and the definition of death.

Author : Joseph Millum
Publisher : OUP USA
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 31,78 MB
Release : 2012-02-29
Category : Medical
ISBN : 019537990X

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This text presents a collection of original essays by leading thinkers in political theory, philosophy, and bioethics on key issues concerning global justice and bioethics. The collection addresses theoretical and practical questions about international distributive justice, humans rights, health care, and medical research.

Author : Dónal P. O’Mathúna
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 33,10 MB
Release : 2013-12-26
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9400738641

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This book provides an early exploration of the new field of disaster bioethics: examining the ethical issues raised by disasters. Healthcare ethics issues are addressed in the first part of this book. Large-scale casualties lead to decisions about who to treat and who to leave behind, cultural challenges, and communication ethics. The second part focuses on disaster research ethics. With the growing awareness of the need for evidence to guide disaster preparedness and response, more research is being conducted in disasters. Any research involving humans raises ethical questions and requires appropriate regulation and oversight. The authors explore how disaster research can take account of survivors? vulnerability, informed consent, the sudden onset of disasters, and other ethical issues. Both parts examine ethical challenges where seeking to do good, harm can be done. Faced with overwhelming needs and scarce resources, no good solution may be apparent. But choosing the less wrong option can have a high price. In addition, what might seem right at home may not be seen to be right elsewhere. This book provides in-depth and practical reflection on these and other challenging ethical questions arising during disasters. Scholars and practitioners who gathered at the Brocher Foundation in Geneva, Switzerland in 2011 offer their reflections to promote further dialogue so that those devastated by disasters are respected by being treated in the most ethically soun d ways possible.

Author : Elizabeth Victor
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 133 pages
File Size : 33,41 MB
Release : 2019-07-09
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 1498533841

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In light of a history of exploitation by researchers, most of the limited scholarship on prisoners in medical ethics is focused on precaution and protections. Vulnerability and Incarceration: Evaluating Protections for Prisoners in Research explores the best ways for researchers to balance these concerns with the rights of incarcerated persons to both participate in medical research and benefit from medical and scientific progress. The book examines the historical and contemporary regulatory landscape governing prisoner participation in research and the concept of vulnerability in play when classifying prisoners as vulnerable. Elizabeth Victor discusses how this concept might preclude a prisoner’s positive right to participate in research from being acknowledged. She also addresses the differences in oversight between public and private prisoners and how the shift to privatized prisons compounds the vulnerability of prisoners in the United States.

Author : Madison Powers
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 37,99 MB
Release : 2008-09-25
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0195375130

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This volume develops a theory of social justice for the specific context of health care policy, although it can also be applied to education, economic development and other social policy issues where resources are limited.

Author : Travis N. Rieder
Publisher : Springer
Page : 78 pages
File Size : 19,92 MB
Release : 2016-06-23
Category : Medical
ISBN : 3319338714

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This thought-provoking treatise argues that current human fertility rates are fueling a public health crisis that is at once local and global. Its analysis and data summarize the ecological costs of having children, presenting ethical dilemmas for prospective parents in an era of competition for scarce resources, huge disparities of wealth and poverty, and unsustainable practices putting irreparable stress on the planet. Questions of individual responsibility and integrity as well as personal moral and procreative issues are examined carefully against larger and more long-range concerns. The author’s assertion that even modest efforts toward reducing global fertility rates would help curb carbon emissions, slow rising global temperatures, and forestall large-scale climate disaster is well reasoned and more than plausible. Among the topics covered: · The multiplier effect: food, water, energy, and climate. · The role of population in mitigating climate change. · The carbon legacy of procreation. · Obligations to our possible children. · Rights, what is right, and the right to do wrong. · The moral burden to have small families. Toward a Small Family Ethic sounds a clarion call for bioethics students and working bioethicists. This brief, thought-rich volume steers readers toward challenges that need to be met, and consequences that will need to be addressed if they are not.

Author : Søren Holm
Publisher : IOS Press
Page : 170 pages
File Size : 27,49 MB
Release : 2004
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781586034009

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Holm (Institute of Medicine, Law, and Bioethics, University of Manchester, UK) and Jonas (Center for Social Ethics and Policy, University of Manchester) gather papers representing the work performed as part of the Empirical Methods in Bioethics project sponsored by the European Commission, DG-Research. The papers are mainly concerned with investiga.

Author : Robert M. Veatch
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 42,42 MB
Release : 2016-05-23
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 1315510049

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The third edition of The Basics of Bioethics continues to provide a balanced and systematic ethical framework to help students analyze a wide range of controversial topics in medicine, and consider ethical systems from various religious and secular traditions. The Basics of Bioethics covers the “Principalist” approach and identifies principles that are believed to make behavior morally right or wrong. It showcases alternative ethical approaches to health care decision making by presenting Hippocratic ethics as only one among many alternative ethical approaches to health care decision-making. The Basics of Bioethics offers case studies, diagrams, and other learning aids for an accessible presentation. Plus, it contains an all-encompassing ethics chart that shows the major questions in ethics and all of the major answers to these questions.

Author : John Arras
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 23,27 MB
Release : 2017-08-11
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0190665998

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This book provides an overview and critical discussion of the main philosophical methods that have dominated the field of bioethics since its origins in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The first three chapters outline some influential theories that are important to understanding the methodological approaches that follow. Chapter 1 offers a survey of the theory of principlism as expounded by Tom Beauchamp and James Childress, Chapter 2 examines Bernard Gert's defense of common morality, and Chapter 3 discusses the so-called "new casuistry." The next three chapters trace a historical dialectic. Chapter 4 explores the shift that has increasingly occurred in bioethics away from the pursuit of objectivity or truth and towards narrative ethics, while Chapter 5 uncovers the "classical" roots of American pragmatism and explains their on-going relevance for contemporary bioethics. This paves the way for Chapter 6's examination of "freestanding" pragmatists such as Susan Wolf who, in contrast, see their approach as untethered to the classical canon of American pragmatism. With this background firmly established, the next two chapters handle some influential contemporary approaches. Chapter 7 considers the "internal morality" approach to medicine; chapter 8 discusses the method of reflective equilibrium. Chapter 9 summarizes and reflects on the results of the preceding eight chapters. Rather than staking out and defending a final position, the book aspires to uncover the advantages and disadvantages of the different methodological approaches. In the words of Kierkegaard, it aims to make life "harder" rather than "easier" for bioethics by uncovering some outstanding challenges.