[PDF] Ancient Dna As A Means To Investigate The European Neolithic eBook

Author : Alasdair Whittle
Publisher : Oxbow Books
Page : 205 pages
File Size : 30,10 MB
Release : 2023-02-28
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 1789259126

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The current paradigm-changing ancient DNA revolution is offering unparalleled insights into central problems within archaeology relating to the movement of populations and individuals, patterns of descent, relationships and aspects of identity – at many scales and of many different kinds. The impact of recent ancient DNA results can be seen particularly clearly in studies of the European Neolithic, the subject of contributions presented in this volume. We now have new evidence for the movement and mixture of people at the start of the Neolithic, as farming spread from the east, and at its end, when the first metals as well as novel styles of pottery and burial practices arrived in the Chalcolithic. In addition, there has been a wealth of new data to inform complex questions of identities and relationships. The terms of archaeological debate for this period have been permanently altered, leaving us with many issues. This volume stems from the online day conference of the Neolithic Studies Group held in November 2021, which aimed to bring geneticists and archaeologists together in the same forum, and to enable critical but constructive inter-disciplinary debate about key themes arising from the application of advanced ancient DNA analysis to the study of the European Neolithic. The resulting papers gathered here are by both geneticists and archaeologists. Individually, they form a series of significant, up-to-date, period and regional syntheses of various manifestations of the Neolithic across the Near East and Europe, including particularly Britain and Ireland. Together, they offer wide-ranging reflections on the progress of ancient DNA studies, and on their future reach and character.

Author : Bradley E. Ensor
Publisher : Archaeopress Archaeology
Page : pages
File Size : 21,27 MB
Release : 2021-09-30
Category :
ISBN : 9781789699807

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Two decades of strontium isotope research on Neolithic European burials - reinforced by high-profile ancient DNA studies - has led to widespread interpretations that these were patrilocal societies, implying significant residential mobility for women. The Not Very Patrilocal European Neolithic questions that narrative from a social anthropological perspective on kinship. It introduces models for inferring residence and descent with isotope and genetic data and provides in-depth descriptions of archaeological kinship analysis. From social anthropological insights to reassessments of data, an alternative perspective on the social dynamics of Neolithic European societies emerges from this new guide for prehistorians working with biological and archaeological materials.

Author : Luka Papac
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 47,94 MB
Release : 2022*
Category :
ISBN :

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Archaeogenetics has revealed two major migrations that shaped European prehistory; one starting in the 7th millennium BCE and associated with the transition to agriculture, and another with the appearence of the Corded Ware cultural complex in the early 3rd millennium BCE. However, most findings have come from studies employing a continent-wide and/or low regional density sampling approach, leaving many temporal and geographic gaps in the current European archaeogenetic record. In order to build upon previous studies, this thesis employed a high-density sampling approach to study the population structure of Neolithic to Bronze Age central Europe in finer detail. In total, genome-wide ancient DNA was analysed from 283 newly reported individuals from present-day Bohemia, Czech Republic. In doing so, new insights into population structure, genetic turnovers, and social processes were discovered and discussed. These include a genetic turnover between the Jordanow and Funnelbeaker cultural groups, a genetic turnover between Early and Late Corded Ware groups, and a genetic turnover between Bell Beaker and Únětice groups. Insights into social structure and processes revealed the likely contacts between early farming communities with hunter-gatherer groups of Eastern Europe, that the integration of pre-Corded Ware people into Corded Ware society was likely a sex-biased process, and the emergence of a strict patrilineal social system in Late Corded Ware and Bell Beaker cultural groups which broke down with the appearance of early Únětice cultural groups. Insights from a detailed investigation into an Early Bronze Age cemetery from Mikulovice revealed a genetically homogeneous group with evidence of patrilocality and families spanning up to four generations. This thesis shows the potential of more detailed, higher-resolution studies to reveal previously unknown genetic structure and social processes.

Author : Alasdair Whittle
Publisher : Oxbow Books
Page : 358 pages
File Size : 30,36 MB
Release : 2023-01-24
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 1789259118

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The current paradigm-changing ancient DNA revolution is offering unparalleled insights into central problems within archaeology relating to the movement of populations and individuals, patterns of descent, relationships and aspects of identity – at many scales and of many different kinds. The impact of recent ancient DNA results can be seen particularly clearly in studies of the European Neolithic, the subject of contributions presented in this volume. We now have new evidence for the movement and mixture of people at the start of the Neolithic, as farming spread from the east, and at its end, when the first metals as well as novel styles of pottery and burial practices arrived in the Chalcolithic. In addition, there has been a wealth of new data to inform complex questions of identities and relationships. The terms of archaeological debate for this period have been permanently altered, leaving us with many issues. This volume stems from the online day conference of the Neolithic Studies Group held in November 2021, which aimed to bring geneticists and archaeologists together in the same forum, and to enable critical but constructive inter-disciplinary debate about key themes arising from the application of advanced ancient DNA analysis to the study of the European Neolithic. The resulting papers gathered here are by both geneticists and archaeologists. Individually, they form a series of significant, up-to-date, period and regional syntheses of various manifestations of the Neolithic across the Near East and Europe, including particularly Britain and Ireland. Together, they offer wide-ranging reflections on the progress of ancient DNA studies, and on their future reach and character.

Author :
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 341 pages
File Size : 21,41 MB
Release : 2021-11-22
Category : History
ISBN : 9004500227

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This book explores important chapters of past and recent African history from a multidisciplinary perspective. It covers an extensive time range from the evolution of early humans to the complex cultural and genetic diversity of modern-day populations in Africa. Through a comprehensive list of chapters, the book focuses on different time-periods, geographic regions and cultural and biological aspects of human diversity across the continent. Each chapter summarises current knowledge with perspectives from a varied set of international researchers from diverse areas of expertise. The book provides a valuable resource for scholars interested in evolutionary history and human diversity in Africa. Contributors are Shaun Aron, Ananyo Choudhury, Bernard Clist, Cesar Fortes-Lima, Rosa Fregel, Jackson S. Kimambo, Faye Lander , Marlize Lombard, Fidelis T. Masao, Ezekia Mtetwa, Gilbert Pwiti, Michèle Ramsay, Thembi Russell, Carina Schlebusch, Dhriti Sengupta, Plan Shenjere-Nyabezi, Mário Vicente.

Author : D. T. Potts
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 1509 pages
File Size : 40,78 MB
Release : 2012-08-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 1444360779

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A COMPANION TO THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE ANCIENT NEAR EAST A Companion to the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East is a comprehensive and authoritative overview of ancient material culture from the late Pleistocene to Late Antiquity. This expansive two-volume work includes 58 new essays from an international community of ancient Near East scholars. With coverage extending from Asia Minor, the eastern Mediterranean, and Egypt to the Caucasus, Central Asia, and the Indo-Iranian borderlands, the book highlights the enormous variation in cultural developments across roughly 11,000 years of human endeavor. In addition to chapters devoted to specific regions and particular periods, many contributors concentrate on individual industries and major themes in ancient Near Eastern archaeology, ranging from metallurgy and agriculture to irrigation and fishing. Controversial issues, including the nature and significance of the antiquities market, ethical considerations in archaeological praxis, the history of the foundation of departments of antiquities, and ancient attitudes towards the past, make this a unique collection of studies that will be of interest to scholars, students, and interested readers alike.