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Europe's Income, Wealth, Consumption, and Inequality offers a novel approach to the analysis of social and economic trends, and the resulting book identifies major policy challenges applicable in the EU and beyond. Georg Fischer, Robert Strauss, and their contributors focus on explaining how policy makers and the media focus on national trends to measure progress among the nations in Europe.
This report, provided by Policy Department A for the Committee on Employment and Social Affairs, summarises the results of the project "Wage Dispersion in the European Union". It has three objectives: first, to describe the recent evolution of wage dispersion across EU member states using different definitions of labour earnings and inequality measures; second, to analyse the relationship between wage dispersion and labour market institutions related to collective bargaining and minimum wages taking into account recent policy reforms; and, last, to evaluate the impact of changes in wage inequality on overall income distribution in the EU.
Bachelor Thesis from the year 2013 in the subject Business economics - Economic and Social History, grade: 1, , language: English, abstract: Why are health and social problems in the EU related to income inequality within countries, rather than per capita income? With regard to Wilkinson and Pickett’s studies in “The Spirit Level” (2010), I am demonstrating the relation of health and social problems with income inequality for EU countries and compare the results with the European Social Policy Models described by Boeri (2002) and Sapir (2005). At least since the “Occupy Wall Street” and the “We are the 99 percent” movements started to dominate newspaper headlines, the problem of unequally allocated disposable income has gained more attention by policy makers around the globe. In reconstruction times following WWII, gains in income have been shared almost equally between income quintile groups until the late 1970s - when the Great Convergence ended. Politicians and economists have therefore increased their interest in finding other indicators for economic performance rather than only casting an eye on GDP growth. I will thus investigate why health and social problems are far more related to income inequality rather than GDP growth or per capita income. To understand the situation especially in the European Union (EU) I will subsequently explain the underlying circumstances.
This SDN studies the evolution of inequality across age groups leading up to and since the global financial crisis, as well as implications for fiscal and labor policies. Europe’s population is aging, child and youth poverty are rising, and income support systems are often better equipped to address old-age poverty than the challenges faced by poor children and/or unemployed youth today.
This book highlights the key areas where inequalities are created and where new policies are required, including the consequences of current consolidation policies, structural labour market changes with rising non-standard work and job polarisation, persisting gender gaps...
Europe has become a dominant frame for the generation, regulation and perception of social inequalities. This trend was solidified by the current economic crisis, which is characterized by increasing inequalities between central and peripheral countries and groups. By analysing the double polarization between winners and losers of the crisis, the segmentation of labour markets and the perceived quality of life in Europe, this book contributes to a better understanding of patterns and dynamics of inequality in an integrated Europe.
Pay Inequalities in the European Community presents a comparative analysis of the distribution of earnings from employment in six countries of the European Economic Community: Britain, Belgium, France, the federal Republic of Germany, Italy and the Netherlands. The text covers aspects of the inequality of pay among individual workers: inequality between sectors and industries in the economy; between occupations and between men and women; assessment of the relative importance of the elements in inequality; and factors which may underlie differences in the patterns of distribution between countries such as training and promotion systems, trade union bargaining policies and institutions, and income policies. Economists, labor specialists, and researchers will find the book a good source of information.
This book investigates the causes of inequalities that have developed in the European Union, analyzes their social and economic consequences, and assesses the political measures taken to address these issues – also on the basis of public survey results. The detailed analyses presented focus on structures of inequality to be found in the areas education, culture, labor market, Internet access, families and children, gender, and the regions of the EU. The book also critically examines both the legal framework conditions and financial / taxation policy as instruments that can be used to either produce or combat inequality.
A number of studies documents that minimum wage policies have the potential to reduce income inequality. The recently adopted EU Commission's proposal for a Directive on adequate minimum wages was supported by a detailed analysis of the social impacts of hypothetical minimum wage levels in countries with a statutory minimum wage. This paper extends these country-level analyses by exploring the impact of minimum wage policies on EU-level income inequality. To our knowledge, this is the first study that uses a microsimulation model such as EUROMOD to assess the impact of EU-promoted policies on the distribution of income in the EU, beyond their national effects. Assuming no employment effects, static simulation results show that a hypothetical minimum wage corresponding to 60% of the national median wage would bring about a small but significant reduction in EU-level disposable income inequality (by 0.75% in 2019 as measured through the Gini index). This result stems primarily from a reduction in the within-country component of income inequality as the effect on inequality between countries is rather muted. The reduction in EU-level income inequality is the highest in disposable incomes, but some reduction is detectable also in market incomes. In turn, the withdrawal of social benefits because of higher minimum wages seems to neutralise part of this inequality reduction.