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Author : Leonid Gitlin
Publisher :
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 23,15 MB
Release : 2004
Category : Gene silencing
ISBN :
Author : Ronald P. van Rij
Publisher : Humana Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 30,7 MB
Release : 2011-03-08
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781617790362
Viruses and RNAi share an intricate relationship at many levels. RNAi is an important antiviral defense mechanism in plants and invertebrates, microRNAs – of viral or cellular origin – affect many aspects of virus biology, and replication of many, if not all, mammalian viruses can be suppressed by RNAi. Antiviral RNAi: Concepts, Methods, and Applications provides a collection of protocols for the analysis of viral small RNAs and natural antiviral RNAi responses as well as for the development and optimization of RNAi-based antiviral drugs. As RNAi is a central regulatory mechanism in the cell, the methods in this volume can also be applied out of the context of a virus infection. Divided into five convenient parts, this detailed volume reviews important basic concepts in the field of antiviral RNAi, provides experimental and bio-informatic tools for the analysis of small silencing RNAs, covers methods to biochemically dissect RNAi-based antiviral defense and viral counter-defense mechanisms, describes methods for the design, expression, and delivery of therapeutic antiviral siRNAs, and finally presents genome-wide RNAi approaches for the identification of factors involved in virus replication. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters contain introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and accessible, Antiviral RNAi: Concepts, Methods, and Applications serves as an ideal guide for both novice and experienced researchers alike striving to dissect the role of RNAi in the viral life cycle or to further boost the development of novel therapeutics and experimental tools based on RNAi technology.
Author : Jinfeng Lu
Publisher :
Page : 133 pages
File Size : 15,80 MB
Release : 2015
Category : Antiviral agents
ISBN : 9781339467412
Diverse eukaryotic hosts produce virus-derived small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to direct antiviral immunity by RNA interference (RNAi). However, it has been controversial in the past decade whether the mammalian RNAi pathway has a natural antiviral function. In this dissertation, I demonstrate the production of canonical virus-derived siRNAs processed by endoribonuclease Dicer from viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) precursors in cultured hamster and human somatic cells and in mice infected by two distinct RNA viruses after their cognate viral suppressor of RNA silencing (VSR) is rendered inactive. These mammalian viral siRNAs are predominantly 22 nucleotides long and contain mostly uridine as the 5'-terminal nucleotide, and are therefore similar to mammalian microRNAs. I show that canonical viral siRNAs are loaded into mouse and human Argonaute proteins at high levels in the infected cells. Further analysis reveals that the VSR protein NS1 of Influenza A virus inhibits the biogenesis of viral siRNAs whereas the VSR protein B2 of Nodamura virus suppresses both the biogenesis and the Argonaute loading of viral siRNAs during infection. The results together demonstrate that the antiviral RNAi response is conserved in mammals as found in fungi, plants, insects, and nematodes.
Author : Gordon Carmichael
Publisher : Humana Press
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 47,67 MB
Release : 2005-06-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781588294364
A collection of readily reproducible methods for the design, preparation, and use of RNAs for silencing gene expression in cells and organisms. The techniques range widely and include methods addressing the biochemical aspects of the silencing machinery, RNA silencing in non-mammalian organisms, and the in vivo delivery of siRNAs and silencing vectors. There are also techniques for designing, preparing, and using RNAs to silence gene expression, for fine-tuning regulation by targeting specific isoforms of a given gene, and for the study and use of microRNAs. The protocols follow the successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, each offering step-by-step laboratory instructions, an introduction outlining the principle behind the technique, lists of the necessary equipment and reagents, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
Author : Krishnarao Appasani
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 564 pages
File Size : 30,34 MB
Release : 2005-01-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781139442657
RNA Interference (RNAi) technology has rapidly become one of the key methods used in functional genomics. RNAi is used to block the expression of genes and create phenotypes that can potentially yield clues about the function of these genes. In the postgenomic era, the elucidation of the physiological function of genes has become the rate-limiting step in the quest to develop 'gene-based drugs' and RNAi could potentially play a pivotal role in the validation of such novel drugs. In this overview, the basic concepts and applications of RNAi biology are discussed. Leading experts from both academia and industry have contributed to this invaluable reference. The volume is forwarded by Andrew Fire, one of the winners of the 2006 Nobel Prize for the discovery of RNA Interference.
Author : R. E. F. Matthews
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 916 pages
File Size : 35,77 MB
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1483258661
Plant Virology, Second Edition, was written to cover the substantial developments in many areas of plant virology since the first edition was published. Advances have been made in all branches of the subject, but these have been most far reaching with respect to the structure of viruses and of their components, and in the understanding of how viral genomes are organized and how viruses replicate in cells. Significant developments have also occurred in the understanding of how viruses are transmitted by invertebrates and in the application of control measures for specific diseases. The taxonomy of viruses has advanced significantly, and there are now 25 internationally approved families and groups of plant viruses. All these developments have required that most sections be entirely rewritten. This book is intended primarily for graduate students in plant pathology, plant virology, general virology, and microbiology, and for teachers and research workers in these fields. It should also prove useful to some people in related disciplines—molecular biologists, biochemists, plant physiologists, and entomologists.
Author : William J. LaRochelle
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 745 pages
File Size : 41,15 MB
Release : 2007-11-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1592598935
An integrated overview of cancer drug discovery and development from the bench to the clinic, showing with broad strokes and representative examples the drug development process as a network of linked components leading from the discovered target to the ultimate therapeutic product. Following a systems biology approach, the authors explain genomic databases and how to discover oncological targets from them, how then to advance from the gene and transcript to the level of protein biochemistry, how next to move from the chemical realm to that of the living cell and, ultimately, pursue animal modeling and clinical development. Emerging cancer therapeutics including Ritux an, Erbitux, Gleevec Herceptin, Avastin, ABX-EGF, Velcade, Kepivance, Iressa, Tarceva, and Zevalin are addressed. Highlights include cancer genomics, pharmacogenomics, transcriptomics, gene expression analysis, proteomic and enzymatic cancer profiling technologies, and cellular and animal approaches to cancer target validation.
Author : Dirk Grimm
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 20,32 MB
Release : 2011-08-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0124157955
This volume explores some of the most exciting recent advances in basic research on cellular RNA interference mechanisms and how this knowledge is leading to advances in the various fields. This series provides a forum for discussion of new discoveries, approaches, and ideas Contributions from leading scholars and industry experts Reference guide for researchers involved in molecular biology and related fields
Author : Volker A. Erdmann
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 460 pages
File Size : 15,95 MB
Release : 2010-09-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 3642121683
RNA technologies are the driving forces of modern medicine and biotechnology. They combine the fields of biochemistry, chemistry, molecular biology, cell biology, physics, nanotechnology and bioinformatics. The combination of these topics is set to revolutionize the medicine of tomorrow. After more than 15 years of extensive research in the field of RNA technologies, the first therapeutics are ready to reach the first patients. Thus we are witnessing the birth of a very exciting time in the development of molecular medicine, which will be based on the methods of RNA technologies. This volume is the first of a series. It covers various aspects of RNA interference and microRNAs, although antisense RNA applications, hammerhead ribozyme structure and function as well as non-coding RNAs are also discussed. The authors are internationally highly respected experts in the field of RNA technologies.
Author : Esra Galun
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 469 pages
File Size : 35,59 MB
Release : 2005
Category : Science
ISBN : 9812562060
This book focuses on an emerging, central issue in molecular genetics and the development of eukaryotes: the control of gene expression by small species of RNA. As an exciting new field of endeavor, it is the first book by a single author to deal comprehensively with RNA silencing.The book provides the historical background of the field preceding the seminal work by Fire and associates in 1998 on the impact of small double-stranded RNA on the expression of nematode genes, which is considered the beginning of RNA silencing research. RNA silencing is described in a wide range of plants and animals including protozoa, simple metazoa, insects, non-mammalian vertebrates, and mammals. In each case the experimental results are provided with the accompanying background and with illustrations. There is also an appendix on the prospective use of RNA silencing in gene therapy, which is intended as a guide for investigators wishing to explore this possibility.