[PDF] Study And Development Of Polymeric Photorefractive Materials eBook

Author :
Publisher :
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 47,66 MB
Release : 1995
Category :
ISBN :

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The research program summarized here involved the development of new organic photorefractive polymers, improvements of our understanding of the fundamental phenomena that govern photo refractivity in these polymer systems and an optimization of the material's properties for practical device applications. Of particular emphasis were systems that might be of use as optical limiters in eye and sensor protection devices. At the time that the work supported under this Contract began, photorefractive polymers had just been discovered at IBM's Almaden Research Center. The first polymer system discovered was slow and its steady state diffraction efficiency was small. It was no match for the inorganic crystalline photorefractive materials that had been under investigation for over 20 years at that time. Substantial progress has been made and as a result of this ARPA (ARMY) supported work, photorefractive polymers are now equal in speed and efficiency to some of the best inorganic crystalline systems. Improvements continue to be made both by our group at IBM and by others and there is reason to expect that in the near future the polymeric systems will surpass the inorganic crystals in their photorefractive polymers. jg p1.

Author : Kwang-Sup Lee
Publisher : Springer
Page : 213 pages
File Size : 48,98 MB
Release : 2014-03-12
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783662146279

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The future of information technology requires ultra high speed processing and large data storage capacity. Since the electronics technology using semi conduc tors and inorganic materials is about to reach its limits, much current research is focused on utilizing much faster photons than electrons, namely photonics. To achieve any significant effect on the actual use of the science of photonics, devel opments of more efficient photonics materials, better optical property evaluations, manufacture of devices for system applications, etc. are the subjects which need to be explored. In particular, the development of photonics materials stands in the forefront of research as this constitutes the most pertinent factor with regard to the development of ultra high speed and large capacity information processing. In this respect, there has been continuous research on photo responsive materials through molecular structure design and architecture and the results so far are very promising as functions and performances are beginning to realize their high expectations. The two special volumes "Polymers for Photonics Applications" give authorita tive and critical reviews on up to date activities in various fields of photonic poly mers including their promising applications. Seven articles have been contributed by internationally recognized and they deal with, polymers for second and third order nonlinear optics, quadratic parametric interactions in polymer waveguides, electroluminescent polymers as light sources, photoreflective polymers for holo graphic information storage, and highly efficient two photon absorbing organics and polymers.

Author : David D. Nolte
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 494 pages
File Size : 43,38 MB
Release : 2013-11-27
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1461522277

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The photorefractive effect is now firmly established as one of the highest-sensitivity nonlinear optical effects, making it an attractive choice for use in many optical holographic processing applications. As with all technologies based on advanced materials, the rate of progress in the development of photorefractive applications has been principally limited by the rate at which breakthroughs in materials science have supplied better photorefractive materials. The last ten years have seen an upsurge of interest in photorefractive applications because of several advances in the synthesis and growth of new and sensitive materials. This book is a collection of many of the most important recent developments in photorefractive effects and materials. The introductory chapter, which provides the necessary tools for understanding a wide variety of photorefractive phenomena, is followed by seven contributed chapters that offer views of the state-of-the-art in several different material systems. The second chapter represents the most detailed study to date on the growth and photorefractive performance of BaTi03, one of the most important photorefractive ferroelectrlcs. The third chapter describes the process of permanently fixing holographic gratings in ferroelectrics, important for volumetric data storage with ultra-high data densities. The fourth chapter describes the discovery and theory of photorefractive spatial solitons. Photorefractive polymers are an exciting new class of photo refractive materials, described in the fifth chapter. Polymers have many advantages, primarily related to fabrication, that could promise a breakthrough to the marketplace because of ease and low-cost of manufacturing.

Author : Dave West
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 150 pages
File Size : 29,90 MB
Release : 2004-11-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 0203506618

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Photorefractive polymer composites are an unusually sensitive class of photopolymers. Physics of Photorefraction in Polymers describes our current understanding of the physical processes that produce a photorefractive effect in key composite materials. Topics as diverse as charge generation, dispersive charge transport, charge compensation and trap

Author :
Publisher :
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 47,41 MB
Release : 1996
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This final report summarizes research works on photorefractive materials which are single chain, fully functionalized polymers. Three polymeric systems were described, namely, functionalized polyurethanes, functionalized conjugated polymers and polyimides containing porphyrin moieties. Detailed synthetic procedures were outlined. Extensive physical studies, including photoconductivity measurements, electro-optic measurements and two beam coupling studies were carried out. The results revealed the unique features for fully functional, photorefractive polymers. This work also lead to the development of a novel synthetic methodology for polycondensation by utilizing the Stille coupling reaction. (MM).

Author : Pierre-Alexandre Blanche
Publisher : Springer
Page : 325 pages
File Size : 10,20 MB
Release : 2016-06-10
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 3319293346

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This book provides comprehensive, state-of-the art coverage of photorefractive organic compounds, a class of material with the ability to change their index of refraction upon illumination. The change is both dynamic and reversible. Dynamic because no external processing is required for the index modulation to be revealed, and reversible because the index change can be modified or suppressed by altering the illumination pattern. These properties make photorefractive materials very attractive candidates for many applications such as image restoration, correlation, beam conjugation, non-destructive testing, data storage, imaging through scattering media, holographic imaging and display. The field of photorefractive organic material is also closely related to organic photovoltaic and light emitting diode (OLED), which makes new discoveries in one field applicable to others.

Author : V.V. Krongauz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 414 pages
File Size : 24,75 MB
Release : 2013-11-27
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1461517672

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The development of photosensitive materials in general and photoreactive polymers in particular is responsible for major advances in the information, imaging, and electronic industries. Computer parts manufacturing, information storage, and book and magazine publishing all depend on photoreactive polymer systems. The photo-and radiation-induced processes in polymers are also active areas of research. New information on the preparation and properties of com mercially available photosensitive systems is constantly being acquired. The recent demand for environmentally safe solvent-free and water-soluble materials also motivated changes in the composition of photopolymers and photoresists. The interest in holographic recording media for head-up displays, light scanners, and data recording stimulated development of reconfigurable and visible light sensitive materials. Photoconductive polymerizable coatings are being tested in electrostatic proofing and color printing. The list of available initiators, poly meric binders, and other coating ingredients is continually evolving to respond to the requirements of low component loss (low diffusivity) and the high rate of photochemical reactions.

Author : Peter Günter
Publisher : Springer
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 38,46 MB
Release : 1988-04-08
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783540183327

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This is the first of two volumes that review, for the first time, all major aspects of photorefractive effects and their applications. Photorefractive effects in electro-optic crystals are based on optically induced space-charge fields which ultimately alter the refractive indices by the electro-optic Pockels effect. The fundamental phenomena leading to photoinduced changes of refractive index, the materials requirements and experimental results on a variety of photorefractive materials are discussed and the most recent theoretical models describing these phenomena are presented. Interest in photorefractive materials has increased in recent years mainly because of their potential for nonlinear optical devices and for optical signals processing applications. Most of these applications are reviewed in the second volume devoted to this topic. The contributions to these two volumes are written by experts on each topic and are intended for scientists and engineers active in the field and for researchers and graduate students entering the field. Over 300 references to original papers on photorefractive and associated phenomena are cited.

Author : Norman S. Allen
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 725 pages
File Size : 35,97 MB
Release : 2010-03-22
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0470137967

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Presents the state of the technology, from fundamentals to new materials and applications Today's electronic devices, computers, solar cells, printing, imaging, copying, and recording technology, to name a few, all owe a debt to our growing understanding of the photophysics and photochemistry of polymeric materials. This book draws together, analyzes, and presents our current understanding of polymer photochemistry and photophysics. In addition to exploring materials, mechanisms, processes, and properties, the handbook also highlights the latest applications in the field and points to new developments on the horizon. Photochemistry and Photophysics of Polymer Materials is divided into seventeen chapters, including: Optical and luminescent properties and applications of metal complex-based polymers Photoinitiators for free radical polymerization reactions Photovoltaic polymer materials Photoimaging and lithographic processes in polymers Photostabilization of polymer materials Photodegradation processes in polymeric materials Each chapter, written by one or more leading experts and pioneers in the field, incorporates all the latest findings and developments as well as the authors' own personal insights and perspectives. References guide readers to the literature for further investigation of individual topics. Together, the contributions represent a series of major developments in the polymer world in which light and its energy have been put to valuable use. Not only does this reference capture our current state of knowledge, but it also provides the foundation for new research and the development of new materials and new applications.