[PDF] Quantification Of Spray Drift From Aerial Applications Of Pesticide eBook

Author :
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 14,19 MB
Release : 2004
Category :
ISBN :

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With widespread use of pesticides in modern agriculture, the impacts of spray drift have become a topic of considerable interest. The drifting of sprays is a highly complex process influenced by many factors. Advances in aerial application technology and in our ability to measure drift, coupled with the adoption of new technologies for regulating pesticide application have necessitated further research in the pesticide application process. Experiments were conducted to quantify spray drift and describe its movement from aerial applications of pesticide. The effects of spray quality, atomizer type and ground cover were examined. Initial airborne drift amounts were greater than downwind deposits, thus not all of the drifting spray was deposited in the measuring area. Total off-target movement of spray was significantly greater for Fine compared to Coarse sprays. Rotary and hydraulic atomizers, both producing Fine sprays, produced statistically similar off-target movement of sprays. Similarly, no significant statistical differences in spray drift between applications to bare ground and applications to a headed barley crop canopy were not identified. Contrary to expectations, aerial application to bare ground seemed to result in less off-target movement than application to a crop canopy. The vertical spray cloud profiles were similar for all applications with the greatest amount of spray present at the height of release. Spray concentrations diminished from that height upward with diffusion and downward with deposition. The empirical data disagreed with the mechanistic model AgDISP which is currently used in the Canadian regulatory process. The model over-predicted drift deposition by a factor of two to five. Variability in spray deposit values could not be attributed to average differences in meteorological conditions at the time of application. Experiments with appropriate protocols for increased sensitivity may be required to more accurately report subtle differences.

Author : Primary Industries Standing Committee
Publisher : CSIRO PUBLISHING
Page : 88 pages
File Size : 30,26 MB
Release : 2002
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780643068353

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This practical guide focuses on managing the risks of spray drift and includes information on appropriate handing practices to ensure a safe workplace.

Author : Harold W. Thistle (Jr.)
Publisher :
Page : 54 pages
File Size : 10,67 MB
Release : 1999
Category :
ISBN :

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Records the minutes of the National Spray Model and Application Technology Working Group in Orlando, FL, July 15 and 16, 1998. Appendixes include the meeting call letter and agenda, list of attendees, and report summaries titled: Windbreak Cooperative Effort; Pesticide Spray Coverage Analyzer; Visualization and Quantification of Spray Drift; Continuum Dynamics, Inc., Status on the Modeling of the Aerial Application Rates of Pesticides; Significant Model Improvements (from AGDISP to AgDrift); Spray Drift Task Force Model Evaluation; and Summary Notes From Forest Service Work-Planning Session, Oconomowoc, WI.

Author : J. J. C. Picot
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 17,72 MB
Release : 1997
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780792343714

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The book deals quantitatively with the generation, dispersion, and deposition of pesticide droplets on vegetation and with off-target drift of undeposited droplets. A computer simulation model of calculating dispersion, deposition, and drift is described with comparisons between calculated results and field measurement results. The model includes the effects of aircraft vortex, atmospheric turbulence, droplet evaporation, and droplet deposition on foliage. Model output includes values of droplet deposit density and size on foliage and ground as well as droplet concentration and size in the drift cloud. In addition, a detailed description of droplet atomizer characterization methods is presented along with a large number of atomizer spectrum results for atomizers in current use. An analysis of a number of forestry spraying innovations is presented. This text is an essential tool in assessing the efficacy and environmental impact of proposed and actual forest spray operations.

Author : Fiaz Ahmad
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 538 pages
File Size : 15,5 MB
Release : 2021-10-13
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1838819215

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Food security is one of the primary themes of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. In this regard, agricultural engineering is considered the backbone of agriculture, and agricultural mechanization is considered a helpful way to enhance crop yield and farmers’ profitability. Technology in Agriculture presents research in the field of agricultural engineering technologies and applications in agricultural equipment engineering, biosystem engineering, energy systems engineering, and computers in agriculture. It provides an overview of recent advancements in agricultural engineering and examines key aspects of emerging technologies and their applications. In addition, the book explores modern methodologies such as artificial intelligence and machine learning for agricultural mechanization.

Author : RW. Holst
Publisher :
Page : 9 pages
File Size : 47,63 MB
Release : 1983
Category : Bacillus thuringiensis
ISBN :

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The Pesticide Registration Guidelines and certain regulations governing the application of pesticides under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) have undergone changes in recent years. In the area of spray drift evaluation, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is still actively pursuing technical and scientific questions associated with pesticide drift and the possible exposure of humans, animals, and plants to spray drift. A problem still to be addressed is that of building a comprehensive data base of downwind quantification and droplet distribution data through the use of wind tunnel studies or direct in-flight assessments. The specific data requirements for these studies have not as yet been completed. In the areas of application safety and precautionary statements, the EPA has increasingly worked with the individual states and through the State-Federal Issues Research and Evaluation Group (SFIREG). Coordinated work is continuing with other federal agencies and interested groups in the areas of spray drift research and pesticide application methodology through such programs as Self-Regulating Application and Flight Efficiency (SAFE) and Pesticide Applicator Training (PAT). Also within this effort is the application of numerous exposure models in a broad spectrum of environmental fate determinations. These models are based on an ever-increasing amount of data with corroboration by monitoring studies. The spray drift models will be used for exposure analysis by registrants and EPA personnel and by pesticide applicators for application safety and efficiency. These various aspects of pesticide data generation, modeling, and group interaction comprise part of the EPA's continuing effort to provide sensible and current regulation of pesticide application and use in order to ensure the availability of necessary pesticides and still protect the environment.