[PDF] Medical Legal Issues Facing Neurologists eBook

Author : James L. Bernat
Publisher : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Page : 552 pages
File Size : 44,40 MB
Release : 2008
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780781790604

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Written by an eminent authority from the American Academy of Neurology's Committee on Ethics, Law, and Humanities, this book is an excellent text for all clinicians interested in ethical decision-making. The book features outstanding presentations on dying and palliative care, physician-assisted suicide and voluntary active euthanasia, medical futility, and the relationship between ethics and the law. New chapters in this edition discuss how clinicians resolve ethical dilemmas in practice and explore ethical issues in neuroscience research. Other highlights include updated material on palliative sedation, advance directives, ICU withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy, gene therapy, the very-low-birth-weight premature infant, the developmentally disabled patient, informed consent, organizational ethics, brain death controversies, and fMRI and PET studies relating to persistent vegetative state.

Author : James L. Bernat
Publisher : Newnes
Page : 467 pages
File Size : 21,31 MB
Release : 2014-01-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0444535047

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Advances in our understanding of the brain and rapid advances in the medical practice of neurology are creating questions and concerns from an ethical and legal perspective. Ethical and Legal Issues in Neurology provides a detailed review of various general aspects of neuroethics, and contains chapters dealing with a vast array of specific issues such as the role of religion, the ethics of invasive neuroscience research, and the impact of potential misconduct in neurologic practice. The book focuses particular attention on problems related to palliative care, euthanasia, dementia, and neurogenetic disorders, and concludes with examinations of consciousness, personal identity, and the definition of death. This volume focuses on practices not only in North America but also in Europe and the developing world. It is a useful resource for all neuroscience and neurology professionals, researchers, students, scholars, practicing clinical neurologists, mental health professionals, and psychiatrists. A comprehensive introduction and reference on neuroethics Includes coverage of how best to understand the ethics and legal aspects of dementia, palliative care, euthanasia and neurogenetic disorders Brings clarity to issues regarding ethics and legal responsibilities in the age of rapidly evolving brain science and related clinical practice

Author : Marc R. Nuwer
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Page : 29 pages
File Size : 41,33 MB
Release : 2014-01-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 012808085X

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Public policy in healthcare affects physician and patient choices. In many ways it may limit choices. These choices present conflicts that are discussed here. Some issues depend on the laws enacted to enable either a single-payer system or that mixed with a private-payer system. In each case, the systems attain some cost controls through means such as gatekeepers, long wait lists, authorization processes, national fee schedules, complex coding schemes, or placing physicians on salary. National health systems are compared here. No one system has proven completely satisfactory, and each has its advantages. There are many factors that contribute to the escalating costs of care that lead to many healthcare public policies to constrain costs. Initiatives to incentivize preventive actions are a more positive step, but ones that are difficult to define in detail.

Author : Andrew A. White
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Page : 30 pages
File Size : 36,82 MB
Release : 2014-01-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0128080701

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Errors occur commonly in healthcare and can cause significant harm to patients. Most errors arise from a combination of individual, system, and communication failures. Neurologists may be involved in harmful errors in any practice setting and should familiarize themselves with tools to prevent, report, and examine errors. Although physicians, patients, and ethicists endorse candid disclosure of harmful medical errors to patients, many physicians express uncertainty about how to approach these conversations. A growing body of research indicates physicians often fail to meet patient expectations for timely and open disclosure. Patients desire information about the error, an apology, and a plan for preventing recurrence of the error. To meet these expectations, physicians should participate in event investigations and plan thoroughly for each disclosure conversation, preferably with a disclosure coach. Physicians should also anticipate and attend to the ongoing medical and emotional needs of the patient. A cultural change towards greater transparency following medical errors is in motion. Substantial progress is still required, but neurologists can further this movement by promoting policies and environments conducive to open reporting, respectful disclosure to patients, and support for the healthcare workers involved.

Author : Marie-Aurélie Bruno
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Page : 28 pages
File Size : 33,10 MB
Release : 2014-01-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0128080795

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Patients in coma, vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome, and in minimally conscious states pose medical, scientific, and ethical challenges. As patients with disorders of consciousness are by definition unable to communicate, the assessment of pain, quality of life, and end-of-life preferences in these conditions can only be approached by adopting a third-person perspective. Surveys of healthcare workers’ attitudes towards pain and end of life in disorders of consciousness shed light on the background of clinical reality, where no standard medical-legal framework is widely accepted. On the other hand, patients with locked-in syndrome, who are severely paralyzed but fully conscious, can inform about subjective quality of life in serious disability and help us to understand better the underlying factors influencing happiness in disease. In the medico-legal arena, such ethical issues may be resolved by previously drafted advance directives and, when absent, by surrogate representation. Lately, functional medical imaging and electrophysiology provide alternative means to communicate with these challenging patients and will potentially mediate to extract responses of medical-ethical content. Eventually, the clinical translation of these advanced technologies in the medical routine is of paramount importance for the promotion of medical management of these challenging patients.

Author : Joseph S. Kass
Publisher : Clinics: Radiology
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 19,43 MB
Release : 2023-08-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780443183768

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This issue of Neurologic Clinics, guest edited by Dr. José Biller, is devoted to Therapy in Neurology. This issue is one of four selected each year by the series Consulting Editor, Dr. Randolph W. Evan. Articles in this issue include: Update on CGRP Antagonism in the Treatment of Migraine, Advances in the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis, Advances in the Treatment of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder, Advances and ongoing controversies in PFO closure and cryptogenic stroke, Advances in neuromodulation/neurostimulation in Neurology, Advances in the treatment of muscular dystrophies and motor neuron disorders, Advances in the management of small fiber neuropathies, Update in the treatment of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension, What is new in neuro-oncology?, Advances in the surgical management of epilepsy, Treatment of Viral Encephalitis, An update on Botulinum toxin in neurology, Cannabinoids in neurological illnesses, and Pitfalls in Transitioning Neurological Care of the Developmentally Disabled from Pediatric to Adult Providers. Contains 13 practice-oriented topics including medical aid in dying; legal and ethical issues in the neurology of reproductive health; brain death: ethical and legal challenges; organ donation and controlled determination of death by circulatory criteria; ethics and legal issues regarding global neurology; and more. Provides in-depth clinical reviews of medicolegal issues in neurology, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.

Author : Lois Margaret Nora
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Page : 30 pages
File Size : 26,14 MB
Release : 2014-01-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0128080671

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There is dynamic interplay between the disciplines of law and ethics, and the result is often laws and regulation that impact the practice of clinical neurology. This chapter explores how the disciplines of law and ethics inform and intersect with each other, and how resulting law impacts the everyday work of the clinical neurologist. Examples of how the core bioethical principles of nonmaleficence, beneficence, respect for autonomy, and justice are manifest in legislative, common, and administrative laws are presented. Examples of how these laws, in turn, impact the practice of neurology through protection of patient privacy, the avoidance of conflict of interest, and informed consent and other issues are offered.

Author : Eran Klein
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Page : 27 pages
File Size : 13,39 MB
Release : 2014-01-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0128080825

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Caring for persons with Alzheimer’s disease presents neurologists with ethical challenges. Some of these, such as end-of-life care or research participation, are well known and have significant overlap with challenges in other areas of medicine or other neurologic diseases, such as cancer or traumatic brain injury, while others, such as the rise of biomarker-based diagnostics, are more novel and reflect the impact of developments in the science and clinical care of Alzheimer’s disease. A thoughtful and systematic approach to these challenges, from the preclinical to the late symptomatic stage of this disease, is required and will help clinicians be better advocates and stewards of their patients. This chapter addresses a number of the most pressing ethical problems facing patients, caregivers, and clinicians during this disease, including early and presymptomatic testing, assessment of decision-making capacity for treatment or research participation, restriction of driving, remote monitoring, assisted suicide, and treatment of disruptive behaviors.

Author : Thomas I. Cochrane
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Page : 21 pages
File Size : 22,71 MB
Release : 2014-01-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0128080744

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The ethics of decisions to withhold or withdraw life-sustaining therapies are reviewed. Special attention is paid to the ethical and moral distinctions – or lack thereof – between withholding and withdrawing. The ethical principles informing decisions to forgo life-sustaining therapy are covered, along with the difficulty of making such decisions in the face of prognostic uncertainty. Specific advice is provided regarding the decision-making process, and recent literature regarding decision-making in the neurologic intensive care unit is reviewed.