[PDF] Gold Nanorods Applications In Chemical Sensing Biological Imaging And Effects On 3 Dimensional Tissue Culture eBook

Author : Patrick N. Sisco
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 48,34 MB
Release : 2011
Category :
ISBN :

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Gold nanoparticles have attracted great interest in the last decade for applications in biochemical detection, imaging, and therapeutics, due to their useful optoelectronic properties. Interest in this area has recently focused on engineering the surface of the nanoparticles, because of the ease in which the charge, functionality, and reactivity of the surface can be altered. This dissertation will focus on the applications of surface-engineered gold nanoparticles in chemical detection and biomedical imaging, and look at the effects surface modified gold nanorods have on the behavior of cardiac fibroblasts in tissue culture. As an alternative to solution-based techniques in Raman spectroscopy, we have found that a sandwich architecture in which a surface assembled monolayer (SAM) of 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) is sandwiched between a 100 nm thick gold substrate and electrostaticaly immobilized gold nanocubes allows for more reproducible data as well as enhancement factors up to 1013. The sandwich architecture creates a large electromagnetic field in the area where the 4-MBA molecules reside causing the characteristic vibrational modes of 4-MBA to appear. We have also moved out of the realm of chemical sensing and have used our gold nanorods as point sensors to monitor the mechanical properties associated with mechanotransduction. Cell behavior in the presence of nanomaterials is typically explored through simple viability assays, but there is mounting evidence that nanomaterials can have more subtle effects on a variety of cell functions. Numerous studies have documented the cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of gold nanoparticles in different cell types, but very little is known about how nanoparticles affect cellular function. We have shown that gold nanorods in a collagen thin film can be used to measure the local mechanical fields near and between living cells as they assess, adapt, and rearrange their environment. We have also found that gold nanorods in 3-D tissue culture interfere with the cardiac fibroblast-mediated remodeling of a collagen tissue construct. We have found several factors associated with the dose dependent decrease in cell-mediated collagen remodeling including the alteration of fibroblast phenotype, adsorption of cellular proteins needed for cell mediated remodeling, as well as a change in the mechanical properties of the tissue construct. The following chapters will detail the use of our gold nanomaterials as both biochemical and imaging agents, and discuss cell behavior in the presence of surface modified gold nanorods.

Author : Yinan Zhang
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 11,13 MB
Release : 2013
Category :
ISBN :

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Gold nanoparticles have attracted much attention in the field of biological research, especially in biological imaging and sensing due to their unique physical properties. Fluorescence is a highly-sensitive, non-invasive biological study method and has been widely used in a variety of research topics. The aim of this thesis is to study the unique optical properties of gold nanoparticles and demonstrate their application in biological imaging and sensing through fluorescence microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. An introduction of gold nanoparticles and fluorescence techniques used in this project is given in Chapter 1. In Chapter 2, the synthesis method of gold nanoparticles, dependence of optical properties on particle size and shape, the unique spectroscopic characterization and microscopic application of gold nanorods are discussed. Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) based on two-photon luminescence lifetime from gold nanorods in cell culture, and the advantages of this method in biological imaging are demonstrated in Chapter 3. In Chapter 4, the energy transfer between a DNA dye, 4'-6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), and different types of gold nanoparticles in solution is demonstrated using FLIM. Biological imaging application based on energy transfer between gold particles and DAPI in cell culture is discussed as well in this chapter. A study on energy transfer process concerning different excitation conditions is reviewed in Chapter 5. Furthermore, application of fluorescence resonant energy transfer (FRET) based FLIM method in the research of intracellular pathway of gold nanoparticles in cells is demonstrated. Chapter 6 presents a systematic study on the cytotoxicity of gold nanorods in cell culture using MTT (3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) method. The effects of particle shape, surface conditions, dosage, incubation time on the cytotoxicity and the mechanism of cytotoxicity are discussed. In Chapter 7, a brief summary and outlook to future work are presented.

Author : Lev Dykman
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 20,52 MB
Release : 2017-12-12
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1351360485

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This book discusses fabrication of functionalized gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and multifunctional nanocomposites, their optical properties, and applications in biological studies. This is the very first book of its kind to comprehensively discuss published data on in vitro and in vivo biodistribution, toxicity, and uptake of GNP by mammalian cells providing a systematization of data over the GNP types and parameters, their surface functionalization, animal and cell models. As distinct from other related books, Gold Nanoparticles in Biomedical Applications discusses the immunological properties of GNPs and summarizes their applications as an antigen carrier and adjuvant in immunization for the preparation of antibodies in vivo. Although the potential of GNPs in nanobiotechnology has been recognized for the past decade, new insights into the unique properties of multifunctional nanostructures have recently emerged. With these developments in mind, this book unites ground breaking experimental data with a discussion of hybrid nanoparticle systems that combine different nanomaterials to create multifunctional structures. These novel hybrids constitute the material basis of theranostics, bringing together the advanced properties of functionalized GNPs and composites into a single multifunctional nanostructure with simultaneous diagnostic and therapeutic functions. Such nanohybrids can be physically and chemically tailored for a particular organ, disease, and patient thus making personalized medicine available.

Author : Catherine Louis
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 681 pages
File Size : 10,96 MB
Release : 2017-06-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 1786341263

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Gold Nanoparticles for Physics, Chemistry and Biology offers an overview of recent research into gold nanoparticles, covering their discovery, usage and contemporary practical applications.This Second Edition begins with a history of over 2000 years of the use of gold nanoparticles, with a review of the specific properties which make gold unique. Updated chapters include gold nanoparticle preparation methods, their plasmon resonance and thermo-optical properties, their catalytic properties and their future technological applications. New chapters have been included, and reveal the growing impact of plasmonics in research, with an introduction to quantum plasmonics, plasmon assisted catalysis and electro-photon conversion. The growing field of nanoparticles for health is also addressed with a study of gold nanoparticles as radiosensibiliser for radiotherapy, and of gold nanoparticle functionalisation. This new edition also considers the relevance of bimetallic nanoparticles for specific applications.World-class scientists provide the most up-to-date findings for an introduction to gold nanoparticles within the related areas of chemistry, biology, material science, optics and physics. It is perfectly suited to advanced level students and researchers looking to enhance their knowledge in the study of gold nanoparticles.

Author : Emily Ahlrichs Untener
Publisher :
Page : 108 pages
File Size : 43,3 MB
Release : 2012
Category : Gold
ISBN :

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The study of gold nanoparticles is a high impact research topic due to the many applications being discovered for these materials. The perceived inertness of gold nanomaterials allows for many potential biomedical applications including cell imaging, cancer treatment, and gene and drug delivery. Gold nanorods (GNRs) are a type of nanomaterial with properties that may enhance some of these applications. Firstly, GNRs are larger than nanospheres and could allow for more binding events, increasing their utility as a delivery agent. Secondly, nanorods can have their plasmon resonance shifted into the near infrared region which is in the window of transparency of biological tissue (800-1100 nm). The absorption and scattering peak wavelengths can also be tuned by manipulating the aspect ratio (AR) (length/width) of the nanorod which would prove useful in bio-imaging applications. In this study AR 3 and AR 6 GNRs were synthesized and functionalized with surface chemistries including TAT, TAT HA2, Tannic Acid, and Chariot. These GNRs were well characterized and their bio-effects were examined to determine their interactions with HaCaT cells and their potential as delivery agents. It was found that all the GNRs used were biocompatible. Cellular uptake was dependent upon AR, with AR 6 having higher uptake than AR 3. Surface functionalization had an effect on cellular uptake and localization. Furthermore, GNRs AR 3 functionalized with tannic acid had a non-endosomal uptake mechanism making it ideal for delivery applications.

Author : Huang-Chiao Huang
Publisher :
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 47,72 MB
Release : 2012
Category : Biomedical engineering
ISBN :

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Gold nanoparticles as potential diagnostic, therapeutic and sensing systems have a long history of use in medicine, and have expanded to a variety of applications. Gold nanoparticles are attractive in biological applications due to their unique optical, chemical and biological properties. Particularly, gold nanorods (GNRs) are increasingly used due to superior optical property in the near infrared (NIR) window. Light absorbed by the nanorod can be dissipated as heat efficiently or re-emitted by the particle. However, the limitations for clinical translation of gold nanorods include low yields, poor stability, depth-restricted imaging, and resistance of cancer cells to hyperthermia, are severe. A novel high-throughput synthesis method was employed to significantly increase in yields of solid and porous gold nanorods/wires. Stable functional nanoassemblies and nanomaterials were generated by interfacing gold nanorods with a variety of polymeric and polypeptide-based coatings, resulting in unique properties of polymer-gold nanorod assemblies and composites. Here the use of these modified gold nanorods in a variety of applications including optical sensors, cancer therapeutics, and nanobiomaterials were described.

Author : Nikhil Ranjan Jana
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 101 pages
File Size : 42,12 MB
Release : 2023-01-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 1000859320

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This book covers the synthesis and applications of colloidal gold nanorods including their properties, approaches for various chemical synthesis, and different gold nanorod-based nanocomposites with their properties and application potentials. Furthermore, it covers the surface chemistry and functionalization of gold nanorods for numerous biomedical applications. Various applications of gold nanorods including optical probes, dark filed contrast agents, photothermal therapy agents, and plasmonic photocatalyst are covered, along with the toxicological aspects. Features: Covers all aspects of gold nanorods along with selected protocols Focuses on synthetic chemistry, optical property, and functionalization approach of colloidal gold nanorods Describes standard synthetic methods and advantages of gold nanorods in biomedical applications Includes authentic and reproducible experimental procedures Discusses applications like redox catalysts, catalyst promoters, delivery carriers, solar cell materials, and so forth This book aims at graduate students and researchers interested in nanotechnology and gold nanoparticles.

Author : Giuseppe Chirico
Publisher : Springer
Page : 93 pages
File Size : 19,7 MB
Release : 2015-08-03
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 3319207687

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This Brief focuses on the synthesis, functionalization techniques, optical properties and biomedical application of gold nanostars (GNS). Various facilities of gold nanostars synthesis as well as functionalization of GNS with PEG, organic dyes, bioactive compounds are discussed. The authors discuss physical origin of the Localized Surface Plasmon Resonances and the way the nano-environment affects them. The implication of the LSPR of gold nanostars surface enhanced Raman scattering is also discussed. The emphasis has been done on the application of GNS for current and emerge needs of medicine, biology and pharmacy. Moreover, properties of gold nanostars as contrast agents for in vivo imaging and interaction of GNS with cells are also discussed in this Brief.

Author : Valerio Voliani
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 113 pages
File Size : 34,10 MB
Release : 2020-04-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1501511459

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Gold nanoparticles provide a platform for the development of new and efficient diagnostic and therapeutic tools.This book offers a general guide to the synthesis and coating of gold nanoparticles. It describes the links between optical features and geometries of gold nanoparticles and provides a readily comprehensible connection in all the chapters between the geometry of gold nanoparticles and their final applications.