[PDF] Automatic Semantic Interpretation eBook

Author : Jan van Bakel
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 188 pages
File Size : 34,26 MB
Release : 2019-10-08
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 3110846209

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No detailed description available for "Automatic Semantic Interpretation".

Author : Graeme Hirst
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 46,13 MB
Release : 1987
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780521428989

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Semantic interpretation and the resolution of ambiguity presents an important advance in computer understanding of natural language. While parsing techniques have been greatly improved in recent years, the approach to semantics has generally improved in recent years, the approach to semantics has generally been ad hoc and had little theoretical basis. Graeme Hirst offers a new, theoretically motivated foundation for conceptual analysis by computer, and shows how this framework facilitates the resolution of lexical and syntactic ambiguities. His approach is interdisciplinary, drawing on research in computational linguistics, artificial intelligence, montague semantics, and cognitive psychology.

Author : Johan Bos
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 13,43 MB
Release : 2008
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781904987932

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Research in robust open-domain text processing has seen considerable progress in the last couple of decades. It is probably fair to say that language technology tools have reached satisfactory performance at the level of syntactic processing. Therefore, it is timelier than ever to consider deep semantic processing as a serious task in wide-coverage natural language processing. This is a step that requires the integration of syntactic parsing, named entity recognition, anaphora resolution, thematic role labelling, word sense disambiguation with fine-grained semantic analysis. Accurate automatic semantic interpretation of text will benefit newly emerging sub-areas such as affectivity and sentiment analysis of texts, textual entailment, and consistency checking, and applications such as automated question answering, summarisation, and machine translation. This volume addresses these ambitions by presenting a collection of papers presented at the first workshop on the Semantics in Text Processing (STEP 2008), held in Venice from 22 to 24 September 2008. It is divided into three parts: (1) regular papers describing new results and completed research; (2) reports and descriptions of state-of-the-art systems that participated in the shared task on comparing semantic representations; and (3) short papers addressing ongoing work, novel techniques, or project descriptions. This is the first volume in \textit{Research in Computational Semantics} series launched by College Publications. Computational semantics is a relatively new interdisciplinary area in natural language processing, focusing on developing techniques to automate the interpretation of spoken and written natural language. It is an exciting area combining linguistic insight, logical reasoning, and knowledge engineering using both symbolic and statistical techniques to achieve robust and scalable methods for processing human languages.

Author : Hansen A. Schwartz
Publisher :
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 21,95 MB
Release : 2011
Category : Commonsense reasoning
ISBN :

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This work investigates the effective acquisition of lexical knowledge from the Web to perform semantic interpretation. The Web provides an unprecedented amount of natural language from which to gain knowledge useful for semantic interpretation. The knowledge acquired is described as common sense knowledge, information one uses in his or her daily life to understand language and perception. Novel approaches are presented for both the acquisition of this knowledge and use of the knowledge in semantic interpretation algorithms. The goal is to increase accuracy over other automatic semantic interpretation systems, and in turn enable stronger real world applications such as machine translation, advanced Web search, sentiment analysis, and question answering. The major contributions of this dissertation consist of two methods of acquiring lexical knowledge from the Web, namely a database of common sense knowledge and Web selectors. The first method is a framework for acquiring a database of concept relationships. To acquire this knowledge, relationships between nouns are found on the Web and analyzed over WordNet using information-theory, producing information about concepts rather than ambiguous words. For the second contribution, words called Web selectors are retrieved which take the place of an instance of a target word in its local context. The selectors serve for the system to learn the types of concepts that the sense of a target word should be similar. Web selectors are acquired dynamically as part of a semantic interpretation algorithm, while the relationships in the database are useful to stand-alone programs. A final contribution of this dissertation concerns a novel semantic similarity measure and an evaluation of similarity and relatedness measures on tasks of concept similarity. Such tasks are useful when applying acquired knowledge to semantic interpretation. Applications to word sense disambiguation, an aspect of semantic interpretation, are used to evaluate the contributions. Disambiguation systems which utilize semantically annotated training data are considered supervised. The algorithms of this dissertation are considered minimally-supervised; they do not require training data created by humans, though they may use human-created data sources. In the case of evaluating a database of common sense knowledge, integrating the knowledge into an existing minimally-supervised disambiguation system significantly improved results -- a 20.5\% error reduction. Similarly, the Web selectors disambiguation system, which acquires knowledge directly as part of the algorithm, achieved results comparable with top minimally-supervised systems, an F-score of 80.2\% on a standard noun disambiguation task. This work enables the study of many subsequent related tasks for improving semantic interpretation and its application to real-world technologies. Other aspects of semantic interpretation, such as semantic role labeling could utilize the same methods presented here for word sense disambiguation. As the Web continues to grow, the capabilities of the systems in this dissertation are expected to increase. Although the Web selectors system achieves great results, a study in this dissertation shows likely improvements from acquiring more data. Furthermore, the methods for acquiring a database of common sense knowledge could be applied in a more exhaustive fashion for other types of common sense knowledge. Finally, perhaps the greatest benefits from this work will come from the enabling of real world technologies that utilize semantic interpretation.

Author : Katarzyna Jaszczolt
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 35,43 MB
Release : 2016
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0199602468

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This book offers a semantic and metasemantic inquiry into the representation of meaning in linguistic interaction. Kasia Jaszczolt's view represents the most radical stance on meaning to be found in the contextualist tradition and thereby the most radical take on the semantics/pragmatics boundary. It allows for the selection of the cognitively plausible object of enquiry without being constrained by such distinctions as what is said/what is implicated or what is linguistic and what is extralinguistic. She argues that this is the only promising stance on meaning. The analysis transcends the traditional distinctions drawn, and traditional questions posed, in post-Gricean pragmatics and philosophy of language. It heavily relies on the dynamic construction of meaning in discourse, using truth conditions as a tool but at the same time conforming to pragmatic compositionality ? whereby aspects of meaning that enter this composition have very different provenance. Meaning in Linguistic Interaction builds on the author's earlier work on Default Semantics and adds new arguments in favour of radical contextualism as well as novel applications, focusing on the role of salience, the flexibility of word meaning, the literal/nonliteral distinction, and the dynamic nature of a character, as well as offering an entirely new perspective on the indexical/nonindexical distinction. It contains a state-of-the-art discussion of the semantics/pragmatics boundary disputes, focusing on varieties of semantic minimalism and contextualism and on the limitations of an indexicalism. Jaszczolt's work is illustrated with examples from a variety of languages and offers some formal representations of meaning in the metalanguage of Default Semantics.

Author : Meng Ji
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 285 pages
File Size : 50,97 MB
Release : 2019-06-13
Category : Computers
ISBN : 1108423272

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Introduces the integration of theoretical and applied translation studies for socially-oriented and data-driven empirical translation research.

Author : Alexander Kharlamov
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 317 pages
File Size : 10,1 MB
Release : 2020-06
Category :
ISBN : 9781527548527

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This book proposes an approach to the analysis of information using a neural network based on neural-like elements and temporal summation of signals, which makes it possible to implement a structural approach to the analysis of information streams. Together with associative access to information, structural multilevel analysis enables the interpretation of information processing in columns of the cerebral cortex of humans. Using representations of information processing in the hippocampus, it is possible to re-construct the human model of the world and to interpret purposeful behaviour. The book describes the procedure for synchronizing the world models of various people, allowing automatic semantic analysis of unstructured text information, including construction of a semantic network of a text as its semantic portrait.