[PDF] Astrocytes And Epilepsy eBook

Author : Jacqueline A. Hubbard
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 395 pages
File Size : 23,81 MB
Release : 2016-07-05
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0128026243

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Epilepsy is a devastating group of neurological disorders characterized by periodic and unpredictable seizure activity in the brain. There is a critical need for new drugs and approaches given than at least one-third of all epilepsy patients are not made free of seizures by existing medications and become "medically refractory". Much of epilepsy research has focused on neuronal therapeutic targets, but current antiepileptic drugs often cause severe cognitive, developmental, and behavioral side effects. Recent findings indicate a critical contribution of astrocytes, star-shaped glial cells in the brain, to neuronal and network excitability and seizure activity. Furthermore, many important cellular and molecular changes occur in astrocytes in epileptic tissue in both humans and animal models of epilepsy. The goal of Astrocytes and Epilepsy is to comprehensively review exciting findings linking changes in astrocytes to functional changes responsible for epilepsy for the first time in book format. These insights into astrocyte contribution to seizure susceptibility indicate that astrocytes may represent an important new therapeutic target in the control of epilepsy. Astrocytes and Epilepsy includes background explanatory text on astrocyte morphology and physiology, epilepsy models and syndromes, and evidence from both human tissue studies and animal models linking functional changes in astrocytes to epilepsy. Beautifully labelled diagrams are presented and relevant figures from the literature are reproduced to elucidate key findings and concepts in this rapidly emerging field. Astrocytes and Epilepsy is written for neuroscientists, epilepsy researchers, astrocyte investigators as well as neurologists and other specialists caring for patients with epilepsy. Presents the first comprehensive book to synthesize historical and recent research on astrocytes and epilepsy into one coherent volume Provides a great resource on the field of astrocyte biology and astrocyte-neuron interactions Details potential therapeutic targets, including chapters on gap junctions, water and potassium channels, glutamate and adenosine metabolism, and inflammation

Author : Jeffrey Noebels
Publisher : OUP USA
Page : 1258 pages
File Size : 26,44 MB
Release : 2012-06-29
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0199746540

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Jasper's Basic Mechanisms, Fourth Edition, is the newest most ambitious and now clinically relevant publishing project to build on the four-decade legacy of the Jasper's series. In keeping with the original goal of searching for "a better understanding of the epilepsies and rational methods of prevention and treatment.", the book represents an encyclopedic compendium neurobiological mechanisms of seizures, epileptogenesis, epilepsy genetics and comordid conditions. Of practical importance to the clinician, and new to this edition are disease mechanisms of genetic epilepsies and therapeutic approaches, ranging from novel antiepileptic drug targets to cell and gene therapies.

Author : Peter Bedner
Publisher : Biota Publishing
Page : 91 pages
File Size : 35,36 MB
Release : 2015-08-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1615047158

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This book summarizes current evidence of astrocyte dysfunction in epilepsy and discusses presumed underlying mechanisms. Epilepsy is characterized by the periodic occurrence of seizures. Currently available anticonvulsant drugs and therapies are insufficient to controlling seizures in about one third of patients. Thus, there is an urgent need for new therapies that prevent generation of the disorder and improve seizure control in individuals already afflicted. The vast majority of epileptic cases are of idiopathic origin with their underlying mechanisms being unclear. Neurosurgical specimens from patients presenting with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) demonstrate marked reactive gliosis. Since recent studies have implicated astrocytes in important physiological roles in the CNS, such as synchronization of neuronal firing, it is plausible that they may also have a role in seizure generation and/or seizure spread. In support of this view, various membrane channels, receptors, and transporters in astrocytic membranes are altered in the epileptic brain. Excitingly, recent evidence suggests that in the course of the pathogenesis of MTLE, these glial changes alter homeostatic network functions and temporally precede the alterations in neurons. These findings might eventually classify MTLE as a glial rather than a neuronal disorder, and identify astrocytes as promising new targets for the development of more specific antiepileptogenic therapeutic strategies. Although research on astrocytes in epilepsy is still in its infancy, this book clearly demonstrates a critical role of astrocytes in the disturbance of K+ and transmitter homeostasis and its impact on seizure generation.

Author : Simon Shorvon
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 1013 pages
File Size : 30,75 MB
Release : 2019-05-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1108420753

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Expanded and revised, this unique book provides concise descriptions of the many causes of epilepsy, for use in clinical practice.

Author : Eliana Scemes
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 425 pages
File Size : 41,1 MB
Release : 2016-04-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1439825858

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Astrocytes play diverse roles in central nervous system (CNS) function and dysfunction, and the connections that the astrocyte makes with other cells of the brain are essential for a variety of important neural tasks. Bringing together contributions from international experts at the top of their field, Astrocytes: Wiring the Brain emphasizes cellul

Author :
Publisher :
Page : 294 pages
File Size : 43,9 MB
Release : 2013
Category :
ISBN :

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De activatie van inflammatoire signaleringsroutes en de daaruit volgende afgifte van ontstekingsmoleculen door astrocyten, kan de epileptische activiteit beïnvloeden. Specifieke eiwitsignaleringsroutes in astrocyten, betrokken bij ontsteking, leveren een bijdrage aan epileptische activiteit. Epilepsie is één van de meest voorkomende neurologische aandoeningen (het treft ongeveer één procent van de wereldbevolking). Circa dertig procent van alle epilepsiepatiënten reageert niet op de beschikbare medicijnen. Emanuele Zurolo onderzocht de bijdrage van astrocyten (cellen in het zenuwstelsel) aan epilepsie om meer begrip te krijgen van de verschillende eiwitsignaleringsroutes betrokken bij het ontstaan van deze ziekte.

Author : John Milton
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 458 pages
File Size : 22,86 MB
Release : 2003
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9783540427629

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The first book to bring together experts in epilepsy, bio-engineering and dynamical systems theory, to discuss the possibility of treating epilepsy by controlling mechanisms that cause seizures. It includes a unique reference database with more than 1000 references, including hard-to-access references in the Russian literature.

Author : Francesco Scaravilli
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 615 pages
File Size : 25,58 MB
Release : 1998-07-10
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9814497304

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The multi-authored book intends to describe the neuropathological appearances associated with epilepsy in childhood and in adults and is based on personal experience of authors working at institutions in the UK and USA who have a strong commitment with epilepsy. The literature on the subject is reviewed. Special emphasis is given to correlations between physical signs and symptoms, radiological presentation, suitability to various operative procedures and pathological findings. The book will include chapters by physicians, physiologists, radiologists, neurosurgeons, all with special interest in the field of epilepsy. The description of the pathological features will include immunohistochemical data as well as results of morphometric analysis.