[PDF] An Experiment On Case Based Decision Making eBook

Author : Brit Grosskopf
Publisher :
Page : 38 pages
File Size : 13,15 MB
Release : 2008
Category :
ISBN :

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We experimentally investigate the disposition of decision makers to use case-based reasoning as suggested by Case-Based Decision Theory (Gilboa and Schmeidler, 1995). Our subjects face a monopoly decision problem about which they have very limited information. Information is presented in a manner which makes similarity judgements according to the feature matching model of Tversky (1977) very plausible. In a 2x2 between-subject design, we vary whether information about the current market is given, in addition to a history, or not. Furthermore, we investigate the impact feedback has on behavior in several independent markets by either giving immediate feedback about obtained profits or not. The results provide some support for the predictions of Case-Based Decision Theory, particularly when no immediate feedback is given. We also find evidence that other simple heuristics are used.

Author : Luigi Luini
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 30,81 MB
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1461550831

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Uncertain Decisions: Bridging Theory and Experiments presents advanced directions of thinking on decision theory - in particular the more recent contributions on non-expected utility theory, fuzzy decision theory and case-based theory. This work also provides theoretical insights on measures of risk aversion and on new problems for general equilibrium analysis. It analyzes how the thinking that underlies the theories described above spills over into real decisions, and how the thinking that underlies these real decisions can explain the discrepancies between theoretical approaches and actual behavior. This work elaborates on how the most recent laboratory experiments have become an important source both for evaluating the leading theory of choice and decision, and for contributing to the formation of new models regarding the subject.

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 422 pages
File Size : 37,56 MB
Release : 2009-03-24
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0309120462

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Risk assessment has become a dominant public policy tool for making choices, based on limited resources, to protect public health and the environment. It has been instrumental to the mission of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as well as other federal agencies in evaluating public health concerns, informing regulatory and technological decisions, prioritizing research needs and funding, and in developing approaches for cost-benefit analysis. However, risk assessment is at a crossroads. Despite advances in the field, risk assessment faces a number of significant challenges including lengthy delays in making complex decisions; lack of data leading to significant uncertainty in risk assessments; and many chemicals in the marketplace that have not been evaluated and emerging agents requiring assessment. Science and Decisions makes practical scientific and technical recommendations to address these challenges. This book is a complement to the widely used 1983 National Academies book, Risk Assessment in the Federal Government (also known as the Red Book). The earlier book established a framework for the concepts and conduct of risk assessment that has been adopted by numerous expert committees, regulatory agencies, and public health institutions. The new book embeds these concepts within a broader framework for risk-based decision-making. Together, these are essential references for those working in the regulatory and public health fields.

Author : Michael Luca
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 229 pages
File Size : 12,70 MB
Release : 2021-03-02
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0262542277

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How tech companies like Google, Airbnb, StubHub, and Facebook learn from experiments in our data-driven world—an excellent primer on experimental and behavioral economics Have you logged into Facebook recently? Searched for something on Google? Chosen a movie on Netflix? If so, you've probably been an unwitting participant in a variety of experiments—also known as randomized controlled trials—designed to test the impact of different online experiences. Once an esoteric tool for academic research, the randomized controlled trial has gone mainstream. No tech company worth its salt (or its share price) would dare make major changes to its platform without first running experiments to understand how they would influence user behavior. In this book, Michael Luca and Max Bazerman explain the importance of experiments for decision making in a data-driven world. Luca and Bazerman describe the central role experiments play in the tech sector, drawing lessons and best practices from the experiences of such companies as StubHub, Alibaba, and Uber. Successful experiments can save companies money—eBay, for example, discovered how to cut $50 million from its yearly advertising budget—or bring to light something previously ignored, as when Airbnb was forced to confront rampant discrimination by its hosts. Moving beyond tech, Luca and Bazerman consider experimenting for the social good—different ways that governments are using experiments to influence or “nudge” behavior ranging from voter apathy to school absenteeism. Experiments, they argue, are part of any leader's toolkit. With this book, readers can become part of “the experimental revolution.”

Author : Denise L. Robinson
Publisher : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Page : 440 pages
File Size : 20,47 MB
Release : 2002
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780781729949

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This essential text presents and explains every aspect of clinical decision making, providing a sound base of knowledge for confidence and accuracy. Its format incorporates principles of problem-based learning methods that are used in many nursing programs. The revised Second Edition contains 20 new case studies of the most common diseases and disorders encountered in family practice; each includes a review of all the information necessary for developing a plan of care and emphasizes differential diagnosis and clinical reasoning for the nurse practitioner. The text's problem-oriented format promotes and strengthens critical thinking skills. Additional features include: tutorials; holistic health considerations; case accuracy; laboratory tests that require learners to interpret tests and their impact on a patient's condition; interdisciplinary collaboration; decision trees that are applicable to each case; research-based outcomes; complementary therapies; and much more. A Brandon-Hill Recommended Title.

Author : Richard W. Morris
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 486 pages
File Size : 23,94 MB
Release : 2018-08-23
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0128120991

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Goal-Directed Decision Making: Computations and Neural Circuits examines the role of goal-directed choice. It begins with an examination of the computations performed by associated circuits, but then moves on to in-depth examinations on how goal-directed learning interacts with other forms of choice and response selection. This is the only book that embraces the multidisciplinary nature of this area of decision-making, integrating our knowledge of goal-directed decision-making from basic, computational, clinical, and ethology research into a single resource that is invaluable for neuroscientists, psychologists and computer scientists alike. The book presents discussions on the broader field of decision-making and how it has expanded to incorporate ideas related to flexible behaviors, such as cognitive control, economic choice, and Bayesian inference, as well as the influences that motivation, context and cues have on behavior and decision-making. Details the neural circuits functionally involved in goal-directed decision-making and the computations these circuits perform Discusses changes in goal-directed decision-making spurred by development and disorders, and within real-world applications, including social contexts and addiction Synthesizes neuroscience, psychology and computer science research to offer a unique perspective on the central and emerging issues in goal-directed decision-making

Author : Itzhak Gilboa
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 214 pages
File Size : 12,78 MB
Release : 2001-07-26
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780521003117

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This work, a paradigm for modelling decision-making under uncertainty, describes the general theory and its relationship to planning, repeated choice problems, inductive inference, and learning; and highlights its mathematical and philosophical foundations.

Author : Hyacinth C. Martin
Publisher : Cengage Learning
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 46,44 MB
Release : 2007
Category : Clinical pharmacology
ISBN : 9781401835217

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"Case Studies in Pharmacology provides forty pharmacological nursing case histories, questions, and responses based on real-life client situations. Every case contains an introductory "blueprint" of variables that must be considered while evaluating a particular scenario pertaining to the client, nursing protocol, and setting of care. Examples of these variables include age, gender, culture of the client, the client with a pre-existing condition, legal issues, or communication skills. Each blueprint and case is different, just as each clinical situation is unique. By simulating the actual decision-making process, learners gain a comfort level to make informed clinical judgments that will help them become successful nurses. Quite simply, Clinical Decision Making shortens the distance between theory and nursing practice like no other educational tool."--BOOK JACKET.

Author : Stephanie Chitpin
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 19,35 MB
Release : 2021-03-15
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1800718179

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Understanding Decision-Making in Educational Contexts presents 'problem cases' confronting school leaders in real settings, and illustrates the multiple approaches that school leaders draw upon to navigate complex and challenging decision-making contexts.

Author : Helen Bao
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 158 pages
File Size : 11,49 MB
Release : 2020
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9780429027253

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This book takes a behavioural approach to examine six important housing questions: tenure decision, gentrification, place attachment, housing bubbles, housing wealth, and residential satisfaction. Using experimental and field data, the book demonstrates the effects of six behavioural biases and heuristics (i.e., anchoring and reference dependence, loss aversion, mental accounting, endowment effect, herd behaviours, and social comparison) on these housing decisions. The first part of the book introduces the questions and provides a behavioural science toolbox before the second part adopts a real-world case study approach. Real data sets and suggested answers are provided, and the cases come from the UK, USA, and China. Background information is given in each case to facilitate the understanding of the case data and question, as well as the discussions on the results. This book is ideal supplementary reading on a variety of courses such as housing studies, economics, real estate, research methods, and for students and academics who are interested in the application of behavioural science in housing decisions.