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This book presents ways of interfacing sensors to the digital world, and discusses the marriage between sensor systems and the IoT: the opportunities and challenges. As sensor output is often affected by noise and interference, the book presents effective schemes for recovering the data from a signal that is buried in noise. It also explores interesting applications in the area of health care, un-obstructive monitoring and the electronic nose and tongue. It is a valuable resource for engineers and scientists in the area of sensors and interfacing wanting to update their knowledge of the latest developments in the field and learn more about sensing applications and challenges.
In a world where great efforts are spent designing and creating more complex, yet efficient systems, sensing elements and related readout circuits, which constitute an integral part of them, need to be designed fulfilling these constraints, beside the common key parameters, such as high sensitivity, resolution and accuracy. Capacitive sensors and their differential subset provide virtually no energy dissipation, show insensitivity to temperature variations and have the capability to be micromachined directly onto a silicon substrate, together with the readout interface. Designing a readout circuit that takes advantage of these benefits, according to any specific application, is thus of utmost importance. This volume introduces the reader to state-of-the-art techniques and research achievements in interfacing differential capacitance sensors. Technical topics discussed in the book include:▪ Switched capacitor based interfaces;▪ Voltage mode, differential capacitance to time, voltage, digital converters;▪ Current mode interfaces based on standard components;▪ Current mode interfaces based on CCIIs and VCIIs;▪ Principles of second generation current and voltage conveyors. This book gives the reader a comprehensive overview on the working principles, equivalent circuit models and most advanced interfacing techniques for differential capacitive transducers, highlighting benefits and downsides of each option. Electronic interfaces for differential capacitive sensors is an ideal text for academic staff and Masters/research students in electronic and microelectronic engineering.
This volume thoroughly explores all the principles and techniques necessary for connecting any type of sensor to the IBM PC or equivalent computers -- e.g., sensors, transducers, data conversion, and interface techniques.
This volume introduces the reader to state-of-the-art techniques and research achievements in interfacing differential capacitance sensors. The book also provides a comprehensive overview on the working principles, equivalent circuit models and most advanced interfacing techniques for differential capacitive transducers.
It is indubitably established verity that sensors revitalize the everyday life of a human being. The sensor technology in itself is a multidisciplinary and the researchers are striving hard to develop the smart sensors. The emerging ASICs their semicustom counterparts and the microcontroller based sensor interfaces are the pathways towards realizing the smart sensors. In this book, the authors have dealt with the microcontroller based sensor interfaces in depth. Exclusively written for the budding researchers in this field, the book presents know-how as regards to the various sensor interfacing techniques to microcontroller. The coverage is well supported by means of appropriate pseudo code, 'C' based code and so on. Authors have also referred the prior art from various research journals, web URLs and the same is placed for the benefit of the potential readers. The interfacing diagrams are meant for a generic microcontroller paradigm and needs customization when intended to be implemented in real life. The book is apt for the entire Electronics and sensor fraternity and is all set to arouse the interest of the researchers in this area of ever-increasing technological importance.
Remote health monitoring using wearable sensors is an important research area involving several key steps: physiological parameter sensing and data acquisition, data analysis, data security, data transmission to caregivers, and clinical intervention, all of which play a significant role to form a closed loop system. Subject-specific behavioral and clinical traits, coupled with individual physiological differences, necessitate a personalized healthcare delivery model for around-the-clock monitoring within the home environment. Cardiovascular disease monitoring is an illustrative application domain where research has been instrumental in enabling a personalized closed-loop monitoring system, which has been showcased in this book. Health Monitoring Systems: An Enabling Technology for Patient Care provides a holistic overview of state-of-the-art monitoring systems facilitated by Internet of Things (IoT) technology. The book lists out the details on biomedical signal acquisition, processing, and data security, the fundamental building blocks towards an ambulatory health monitoring infrastructure. The fundamentals have been complimented with other relevant topics including applications which provide an in-depth view on remote health monitoring systems. Key Features: Presents examples of state-of-the-art health monitoring systems using IoT infrastructure Covers the full spectrum of physiological sensing, data acquisition, processing, and data security Provides relevant example applications demonstrating the benefits of technological advancements aiding disease prognosis This book serves as a beginner’s guide for engineering students of electrical and computer science, practicing engineers, researchers, and scientists who are interested in having an overview of pervasive health monitoring systems using body-worn sensors operating outside the hospital environment. It could also be recommended as a reference for a graduate or master’s level course on biomedical instrumentation and signal processing.
With contributions from an internationally-renowned group of experts, this book uses a multidisciplinary approach to review recent developments in the field of smart sensor systems, covering important system and design aspects. It examines topics over the whole range of sensor technology from the theory and constraints of basic elements, physics and electronics, up to the level of application-orientated issues. Developed as a complementary volume to ‘Smart Sensor Systems’ (Wiley 2008), which introduces the basics of smart sensor systems, this volume focuses on emerging sensing technologies and applications, including: State-of-the-art techniques for designing smart sensors and smart sensor systems, including measurement techniques at system level, such as dynamic error correction, calibration, self-calibration and trimming. Circuit design for sensor systems, such as the design of precision instrumentation amplifiers. Impedance sensors, and the associated measurement techniques and electronics, that measure electrical characteristics to derive physical and biomedical parameters, such as blood viscosity or growth of micro-organisms. Complete sensor systems-on-a-chip, such as CMOS optical imagers and microarrays for DNA detection, and the associated circuit and micro-fabrication techniques. Vibratory gyroscopes and the associated electronics, employing mechanical and electrical signal amplification to enable low-power angular-rate sensing. Implantable smart sensors for neural interfacing in bio-medical applications. Smart combinations of energy harvesters and energy-storage devices for autonomous wireless sensors. Smart Sensor Systems: Emerging Technologies and Applications will greatly benefit final-year undergraduate and postgraduate students in the areas of electrical, mechanical and chemical engineering, and physics. Professional engineers and researchers in the microelectronics industry, including microsystem developers, will also find this a thorough and useful volume.
Energy Harvesting: Enabling IoT Transformations gives insight into the emergence of energy harvesting technology and its integration with IoT-based applications. The book educates the reader on how energy is harvested from different sources, increasing the effectiveness, efficiency and lifetime of IoT devices. • Discusses the technology and practices involved in energy harvesting for biomedical, agriculture and automobile industries • Compares the performance of IoT-based devices with and without energy harvesting for different applications • Studies the challenges and issues in the implementation of EH-IoT • Includes case studies on energy-harvesting approach for solar, thermal and RF sources • Analyzes the market and business opportunities for entrepreneurs in the field of EH-IoT. This book is primarily aimed at graduates and research scholars in wireless sensor networks. Scientists and R&D workers in industry will also find this book useful.
This book gathers selected high-quality research papers presented at the Eighth International Congress on Information and Communication Technology, held at Brunel University, London, on 20–23 February 2023. It discusses emerging topics pertaining to information and communication technology (ICT) for managerial applications, e-governance, e-agriculture, e-education and computing technologies, the Internet of Things (IoT) and e-mining. Written by respected experts and researchers working on ICT, the book offers a valuable asset for young researchers involved in advanced studies. The work is presented in four volumes.
Since the discovery of the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) effect in 1988, spintronics has been presented as a new technology paradigm, awarded by the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2007. Initially used in read heads of hard disk drives, and while disputing a piece of the market to the flash memories, GMR devices have broadened their range of usage by growing towards magnetic field sensing applications in a huge range of scenarios. Potential applications at the time of the discovery have become real in the last two decades. Definitively, GMR was born to stand. In this sense, selected successful approaches of GMR based sensors in different applications: space, automotive, microelectronics, biotechnology ... are collected in the present book. While keeping a practical orientation, the fundamentals as well as the current trends and challenges of this technology are also analyzed. In this sense, state of the art contributions from academy and industry can be found through the contents. This book can be used by starting researchers, postgraduate students and multidisciplinary scientists in order to have a reference text in this topical fascinating field.